U.S. Energy Information Administration logo
Skip to sub-navigation
‹ U.S. States

Vermont   Vermont Profile

State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Profile Overview

Quick Facts

  • In 2021, Vermont consumed 3.4 times more energy than it produced, but its total energy consumption was less than in any other state, which contributed to Vermont having the lowest energy-related carbon dioxide emissions among the states.
  • About 57% of Vermont households heat with petroleum products, the third-largest share among the states, and 13% use wood, the highest share in any state. More than one-third of Vermont schoolchildren attend facilities heated by wood products.  
  • In 2022, Vermont generated almost 100% of its electricity from renewable resources, a larger share than in any other state. About 52% of Vermont's utility-scale in-state electricity generation and 48% of the state's total generation came from conventional hydroelectric power.
  • In 2022, Vermont’s five utility-scale wind farms accounted for about 17% of the state’s total electricity net generation, a larger share than in nearly three-fourths of the states.
  • Vermont’s Comprehensive Energy Plan (CEP) has set overall goals to meet 25% of the state’s energy needs through renewable sources by 2025, 45% by 2035, and 90% by 2050. The CEP sets specific goals for the transportation, heating, and electric power sectors.

Last Updated: November 16, 2023

More Data & Analysis in Vermont