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Minnesota   Minnesota Profile

State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Profile Overview

Quick Facts

  • Minnesota has about 420 E85 fueling stations, more than any other state. E85 is a blend of motor gasoline containing 85% ethanol. The state was the nation's fifth-largest fuel ethanol producer in 2021 and accounted for 9% of U.S. total production.
  • About three-tenths of all U.S. crude oil imports enter the country through Minnesota, and the state's Pine Bend Refinery is the largest crude oil refinery located in a non-oil-producing state.
  • In 2022, coal-fired power plants provided about 27% of Minnesota's in-state electricity generation, second only to renewable resources. Coal-fired power plants provided the largest share of Minnesota’s electricity net generation until 2020.
  • In 2022, Minnesota's two nuclear power plants, Prairie Island and Monticello, fueled 24% of the state's electricity net generation. Prairie Island nuclear plant is the state's second-largest power plant of any type by both capacity and generation.
  • In 2022, renewable resources supplied 31% of Minnesota's total in-state electricity generation, three-fourths of it from wind. Minnesota ranks ninth in the nation in wind's share of state total generation.

Last Updated: August 17, 2023

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