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Table ET2. Total End-Use Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2017, United States

Table ET2. Total End-Use Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2017, United States







Year		 Primary Energy


Electricity
Retail
Sales



Total
Energy g,h,i



Coal		 Coal Coke

Natural
Gas a		 Petroleum Biomass


Total g,h,i

Exports
Imports		 Distillate
Fuel Oil
HGL b		 Jet
Fuel c		 Motor
Gasoline d		 Residual
Fuel Oil
Other e
Total		 Wood and
Waste f,g
Prices in Dollars per Million Btu
1970 0.48 1.27 0.93 0.68 1.18 1.45 [R ] 0.73 2.85 0.44 1.39 1.82 1.35 1.31 4.98 1.65
1971 0.53 1.20 1.17 0.72 1.24 1.48 [R ] 0.77 2.90 0.59 1.46 1.90 1.37 1.39 [R ] 5.30 1.76
1972 0.57 1.01 1.01 0.78 1.24 1.51 [R ] 0.77 2.88 0.61 1.50 1.91 [R ] 1.39 1.43 [R ] 5.54 1.84
1973 0.63 0.96 1.47 0.82 1.47 2.03 [R ] 0.91 3.10 0.73 1.58 2.11 1.44 1.58 [R ] 5.86 2.02
1974 1.23 1.37 2.20 0.98 2.46 2.85 [R ] 1.57 4.32 1.77 2.61 3.20 1.55 2.32 7.42 2.87
1975 1.51 2.37 3.47 1.28 2.62 3.02 [R ] 2.05 4.65 1.86 2.94 3.50 1.55 2.65 8.61 3.33
1976 1.50 2.05 3.41 1.56 2.78 3.27 [R ] 2.25 4.84 1.84 3.08 3.64 1.58 2.85 9.13 3.57
1977 1.56 2.32 3.06 1.88 3.13 3.74 [R ] 2.59 5.13 2.08 3.27 3.92 1.64 3.16 10.11 3.98
1978 1.73 2.87 2.90 2.08 3.27 3.70 [R ] 2.87 5.24 2.01 3.46 4.05 1.67 3.32 10.92 4.23
1979 1.74 2.26 3.45 2.45 4.70 4.60 [R ] 3.90 7.11 2.68 4.71 5.47 [R ] 1.93 4.30 11.78 5.22 [R ]
1980 1.87 2.54 3.19 3.05 6.72 5.78 [R ] 6.36 9.84 3.60 7.04 7.68 [R ] 2.26 5.84 13.95 6.89
1981 2.07 2.55 3.28 3.60 8.04 6.35 [R ] 7.57 10.94 4.57 8.68 8.95 [R ] 2.53 6.77 [R ] 16.14 8.04 [R ]
1982 2.10 2.49 3.10 4.45 7.79 6.86 [R ] 7.23 10.39 4.53 7.88 8.61 [R ] 2.61 6.90 [R ] 18.16 8.47 [R ]
1983 1.91 2.76 2.25 5.03 7.34 7.41 [R ] 6.53 9.12 4.42 7.66 7.97 [R ] 2.45 6.66 [R ] 18.62 8.40
1984 1.90 2.68 3.27 5.04 7.39 7.17 [R ] 6.25 8.89 4.71 7.80 7.83 [R ] 2.55 6.54 18.50 8.30 [R ]
1985 1.84 2.76 2.99 4.91 7.24 6.82 [R ] 5.91 9.01 4.33 7.63 7.78 [R ] 2.51 6.50 [R ] 19.05 8.38 [R ]
1986 1.74 2.63 3.11 4.46 5.70 6.65 [R ] 3.92 6.79 2.34 6.06 5.93 [R ] 2.15 5.22 19.05 7.32
1987 1.61 3.37 2.40 4.13 5.99 6.24 [R ] 4.03 7.23 2.78 6.03 6.22 [R ] 2.10 5.31 18.74 7.36
1988 1.63 2.85 2.90 4.08 5.86 6.06 [R ] 3.80 7.33 2.30 5.66 6.14 [R ] 2.12 5.22 18.68 7.29 [R ]
1989 1.62 2.98 3.79 4.15 6.48 5.69 [R ] 4.39 8.02 2.60 6.03 6.69 [R ] 1.58 5.51 [R ] 18.98 7.59 [R ]
1990 1.63 3.53 3.80 4.17 7.72 7.00 [R ] 5.68 9.12 3.07 6.53 7.73 [R ] 1.58 6.19 19.32 8.29 [R ]
1991 1.64 2.86 3.41 4.12 7.33 7.06 [R ] 4.83 8.93 2.73 6.37 7.46 [R ] 1.68 6.00 [R ] 19.84 8.25 [R ]
1992 1.63 2.78 3.35 4.19 7.12 6.40 [R ] 4.52 8.96 2.16 6.00 7.28 [R ] 1.61 5.90 [R ] 20.06 8.16 [R ]
1993 1.59 2.88 3.22 4.46 7.11 6.43 [R ] 4.29 8.89 [R ] 2.18 5.95 7.25 [R ] 1.52 5.95 [R ] 20.38 8.29 [R ]
1994 1.58 2.46 3.31 4.55 7.05 6.76 [R ] 3.95 8.99 [R ] 2.27 5.85 7.27 [R ] 1.48 5.99 [R ] 20.33 8.33 [R ]
1995 1.58 2.71 3.43 4.20 7.03 6.67 [R ] 4.00 9.24 [R ] 2.41 6.11 7.44 [R ] 1.47 5.96 [R ] 20.29 8.31 [R ]
1996 1.57 2.20 3.87 4.62 7.92 8.18 [R ] 4.82 9.86 [R ] 2.69 6.49 8.18 [R ] 1.38 6.54 [R ] 20.16 8.77 [R ]
1997 1.58 2.64 3.25 4.96 7.72 7.57 [R ] 4.53 9.83 [R ] 3.00 6.42 [R ] 8.07 [R ] 1.31 6.59 [R ] 20.13 8.83 [R ]
1998 1.54 3.73 3.07 4.64 6.64 6.09 [R ] 3.35 8.47 [R ] 2.21 5.39 6.86 [R ] 1.44 5.81 [R ] 19.80 8.22 [R ]
1999 1.53 3.88 2.83 4.65 7.25 6.77 [R ] 4.01 9.32 [R ] 2.62 6.04 7.59 [R ] 1.57 6.31 [R ] 19.52 8.58 [R ]
2000 1.50 3.64 2.66 5.97 9.94 9.79 [R ] 6.64 11.91 [R ] 4.48 7.75 [R ] 10.09 [R ] 1.83 8.29 [R ] 20.03 10.33 [R ]
2001 1.59 3.27 3.04 7.49 9.26 9.77 [R ] 5.72 11.36 [R ] 4.24 7.10 9.60 [R ] 2.27 8.48 [R ] 21.41 10.78 [R ]
2002 1.69 3.25 3.04 5.97 8.69 8.30 [R ] 5.33 10.71 [R ] 3.99 7.37 9.05 [R ] 2.33 7.71 [R ] 21.15 10.10 [R ]
2003 1.67 3.88 3.49 7.65 10.09 10.57 [R ] 6.46 12.36 [R ] 5.04 8.19 10.56 [R ] 2.06 9.17 [R ] 21.85 11.44 [R ]
2004 1.92 3.28 7.23 8.64 12.30 12.56 [R ] 8.93 14.72 [R ] 5.19 9.11 12.60 [R ] 2.34 10.86 [R ] 22.38 12.90 [R ]
2005 2.46 3.39 8.92 10.64 16.49 14.95 [R ] 12.86 17.98 [R ] 6.51 11.41 15.90 [R ] 3.30 13.69 [R ] 23.92 15.57 [R ]
2006 2.71 3.19 6.31 10.92 18.66 17.32 [R ] 14.80 20.40 [R ] 7.87 13.95 18.21 [R ] 3.27 15.40 [R ] 26.15 17.40 [R ]
2007 2.81 3.66 7.84 10.40 20.05 19.31 [R ] 16.01 22.34 [R ] 8.44 15.59 19.89 [R ] 3.37 16.37 [R ] 26.84 18.34 [R ]
2008 3.39 4.33 18.76 11.68 26.52 23.92 [R ] 22.56 26.09 [R ] 12.44 20.09 [R ] 24.72 [R ] 4.07 19.84 [R ] 28.62 21.53 [R ]
2009 3.71 4.17 10.82 9.12 17.16 [R ] 16.76 [R ] 12.61 18.97 [R ] 9.81 17.14 17.43 [R ] 3.75 [R ] 14.41 [R ] 28.90 17.26 [R ]
2010 3.92 6.74 13.37 8.54 21.05 [R ] 19.10 [R ] 16.28 22.64 [R ] 11.67 21.27 20.97 [R ] 3.86 [R ] 16.46 [R ] 28.92 18.92 [R ]
2011 4.53 8.75 15.71 8.21 27.08 [R ] 22.73 [R ] 22.60 28.59 [R ] 15.37 26.31 26.66 [R ] 4.19 [R ] 20.06 [R ] 29.12 21.86 [R ]
2012 4.59 8.65 13.64 7.28 27.99 [R ] 17.12 [R ] 23.00 29.42 [R ] 16.97 26.16 26.91 [R ] 4.00 [R ] 20.04 [R ] 28.98 21.83 [R ]
2013 4.10 8.91 8.55 7.57 27.64 [R ] 16.54 [R ] 22.09 28.61 [R ] 16.16 26.55 26.27 [R ] 4.21 [R ] 19.42 [R ] 29.64 21.42 [R ]
2014 3.75 9.94 4.73 8.33 26.76 [R ] 17.67 [R ] 20.52 27.49 [R ] 14.58 26.25 25.52 [R ] 4.63 [R ] 19.06 [R ] 30.74 21.33 [R ]
2015 3.54 9.28 5.90 7.14 18.64 [R ] 10.69 [R ] 12.05 20.22 [R ] 8.92 20.17 18.02 [R ] 3.86 [R ] 14.08 [R ] 30.66 17.30 [R ]
2016 3.18 8.75 5.78 6.55 [R ] 15.85 [R ] 10.15 [R ] 9.74 18.04 [R ] 6.70 17.50 15.75 [R ] 3.41 [R ] 12.48 [R ] 30.26 15.94 [R ]
2017 3.40 9.32 7.11 7.19 18.29 12.73 12.04 20.26 8.83 18.64 17.95 3.53 14.09 30.88 17.30
Expenditures in Million Dollars
1970 2,393 78 4 9,741 6,173 2,395 1,441 31,596 1,249 4,166 47,021 450 59,530 23,345 82,875
1971 2,265 45 5 10,782 6,750 2,483 1,582 33,478 1,634 4,444 50,370 459 63,836 26,202 90,038
1972 2,438 31 5 11,847 7,359 2,834 1,601 35,346 1,699 4,771 53,609 489 68,358 29,712 98,070
1973 2,725 33 40 12,639 9,274 3,883 [R ] 1,938 39,667 2,159 5,314 62,234 [R ] 515 78,120 [R ] 33,774 111,894 [R ]
1974 5,059 44 193 14,660 14,625 5,256 [R ] 3,139 54,194 4,866 8,277 90,357 [R ] 558 110,783 [R ] 42,586 153,369 [R ]
1975 5,843 75 156 17,639 15,222 5,224 [R ] 4,150 59,446 4,532 8,491 97,064 [R ] 546 121,174 [R ] 50,680 171,854 [R ]
1976 5,767 67 111 21,855 17,881 5,995 [R ] 4,506 64,977 5,359 9,922 108,641 [R ] 637 136,943 [R ] 56,972 193,916 [R ]
1977 5,698 71 139 25,377 21,332 6,842 [R ] 5,417 70,591 6,455 11,786 122,423 [R ] 709 154,274 [R ] 66,225 220,499 [R ]
1978 6,079 49 411 28,491 22,894 6,649 [R ] 6,130 74,513 5,865 13,338 129,390 [R ] 800 165,121 [R ] 74,159 239,280 [R ]
1979 6,570 81 340 34,504 32,183 9,392 [R ] 8,533 95,916 8,412 18,774 173,211 [R ] 979 215,523 [R ] 82,051 297,575 [R ]
1980 6,157 130 52 42,705 39,893 10,929 [R ] 13,856 124,408 11,127 26,035 226,248 [R ] 1,224 276,255 [R ] 98,095 374,350 [R ]
1981 6,794 74 43 50,019 47,323 11,925 [R ] 15,575 138,138 11,636 28,567 253,165 [R ] 1,424 311,446 [R ] 116,455 427,901 [R ]
1982 5,708 61 9 57,055 43,482 12,975 [R ] 14,955 130,305 10,516 22,442 234,676 [R ] 1,505 299,089 [R ] 127,393 426,482 [R ]
1983 5,114 46 2 61,627 41,249 14,151 [R ] 13,979 115,803 7,479 21,704 214,365 [R ] 1,512 282,891 [R ] 134,731 417,622 [R ]
1984 5,798 69 47 65,648 44,117 14,201 [R ] 15,097 114,429 8,673 22,979 219,496 [R ] 1,596 292,893 [R ] 142,420 435,313 [R ]
1985 5,431 77 43 62,119 43,470 13,755 [R ] 14,747 118,048 7,262 22,263 219,546 [R ] 1,585 289,111 [R ] 149,233 438,343 [R ]
1986 4,904 66 25 53,396 34,807 12,847 [R ] 10,505 91,529 4,198 18,403 172,288 [R ] 1,349 232,298 [R ] 151,793 384,091 [R ]
1987 4,551 48 55 51,436 37,356 12,973 [R ] 11,448 99,864 4,623 18,908 185,171 [R ] 1,286 242,942 [R ] 154,685 397,627 [R ]
1988 4,869 77 194 54,966 38,360 12,909 [R ] 11,318 103,323 3,791 17,990 187,691 [R ] 1,363 249,505 [R ] 162,063 411,568 [R ]
1989 4,719 80 217 58,629 42,511 12,271 [R ] 13,434 112,720 3,989 18,604 203,528 [R ] 2,146 269,719 [R ] 169,332 439,051 [R ]
1990 4,748 50 72 57,469 48,794 13,845 [R ] 17,784 126,558 4,879 21,408 233,268 [R ] 1,889 297,961 [R ] 176,691 474,652 [R ]
1991 4,485 56 100 58,597 44,864 15,122 [R ] 14,609 123,118 4,112 20,064 221,888 [R ] 2,020 287,672 [R ] 184,767 472,440 [R ]
1992 4,322 48 174 61,847 44,669 14,307 [R ] 13,559 125,249 3,421 19,691 220,897 [R ] 2,027 289,939 [R ] 186,906 476,845 [R ]
1993 4,208 76 172 67,880 45,347 14,119 [R ] 13,002 126,560 3,174 19,379 [R ] 221,581 [R ] 1,978 295,743 [R ] 196,532 492,275 [R ]
1994 4,164 60 274 69,525 46,511 16,243 12,474 130,068 3,212 19,565 [R ] 228,073 [R ] 2,049 304,025 [R ] 200,831 504,856 [R ]
1995 4,160 91 325 66,251 47,083 16,197 12,526 136,647 3,211 19,978 [R ] 235,641 [R ] 2,461 308,747 [R ] 205,876 514,624 [R ]
1996 4,049 88 244 76,517 55,905 21,086 15,770 148,344 3,414 21,607 [R ] 266,125 [R ] 2,340 349,187 [R ] 211,105 560,293 [R ]
1997 4,007 83 253 81,793 55,421 19,781 15,000 149,668 3,192 22,896 [R ] 265,958 [R ] 2,190 354,118 [R ] 213,843 567,962 [R ]
1998 3,635 104 292 72,096 47,880 15,241 11,239 132,730 2,097 20,634 [R ] 229,820 [R ] 2,183 307,921 [R ] 218,361 526,283 [R ]
1999 3,528 86 226 72,057 53,988 19,038 13,878 149,260 2,382 23,544 [R ] 262,090 [R ] 2,399 340,214 [R ] 218,413 558,627 [R ]
2000 3,535 103 249 94,990 77,009 27,970 23,781 192,153 5,308 28,374 [R ] 354,595 [R ] 2,867 456,133 [R ] 231,577 687,711 [R ]
2001 3,636 109 191 110,770 73,984 25,543 19,602 185,752 3,475 24,862 [R ] 333,218 [R ] 3,055 450,759 [R ] 245,483 696,242 [R ]
2002 3,590 64 244 90,697 68,559 22,980 17,802 179,796 3,657 25,729 [R ] 318,523 [R ] 3,376 416,366 [R ] 247,598 663,964 [R ]
2003 3,570 70 239 115,983 82,514 28,168 [R ] 21,096 209,493 4,441 28,707 [R ] 374,419 [R ] 2,938 497,078 [R ] 257,992 755,070 [R ]
2004 4,154 107 1,232 129,410 104,845 34,408 30,219 254,873 5,693 35,277 465,315 [R ] 3,074 603,077 [R ] 268,133 871,210 [R ]
2005 5,060 147 780 150,548 142,282 38,874 44,679 312,047 7,942 42,912 [R ] 588,736 [R ] 4,965 749,943 [R ] 295,787 1,045,730 [R ]
2006 5,371 128 636 146,374 163,345 45,355 50,007 357,286 9,504 52,054 [R ] 677,552 [R ] 5,053 834,858 [R ] 323,962 1,158,821 [R ]
2007 5,447 131 478 146,962 175,783 51,081 53,754 389,282 10,566 54,667 [R ] 735,133 [R ] 5,054 892,944 [R ] 340,925 1,233,869 [R ]
2008 6,352 210 1,676 168,530 219,381 59,610 [R ] 72,046 438,237 14,709 62,029 [R ] 866,011 [R ] 5,947 1,048,305 [R ] 360,454 1,408,759 [R ]
2009 5,447 135 93 125,401 130,174 43,052 36,354 317,082 9,658 44,411 [R ] 580,731 [R ] 4,321 [R ] 715,858 [R ] 350,435 1,066,293 [R ]
2010 6,648 245 403 122,312 166,859 [R ] 54,920 [R ] 48,243 376,491 12,461 54,345 [R ] 713,318 5,686 [R ] 848,122 [R ] 365,913 1,214,034 [R ]
2011 7,377 210 552 118,510 220,538 63,516 [R ] 66,680 462,435 14,755 63,170 [R ] 891,094 [R ] 6,364 [R ] 1,023,686 [R ] 368,009 1,391,696 [R ]
2012 7,150 209 384 100,466 219,526 49,412 [R ] 66,736 473,216 13,041 58,355 [R ] 880,285 [R ] 6,086 [R ] 994,161 [R ] 360,863 1,355,024 [R ]
2013 6,509 186 29 114,638 220,922 52,272 [R ] 65,564 467,328 10,524 59,590 [R ] 876,201 [R ] 6,874 [R ] 1,004,066 [R ] 372,068 1,376,134 [R ]
2014 5,879 233 9 131,984 225,011 54,022 [R ] 62,421 452,821 7,188 58,354 [R ] 859,817 [R ] 7,590 [R ] 1,005,046 [R ] 389,872 1,394,918 [R ]
2015 4,993 197 20 107,674 155,237 34,329 [R ] 38,596 342,578 4,448 45,848 [R ] 621,036 [R ] 6,193 [R ] 739,718 [R ] 388,344 1,128,062 [R ]
2016 3,907 217 33 97,544 [R ] 128,551 32,168 [R ] 32,639 310,961 4,544 39,101 [R ] 547,962 [R ] 5,324 [R ] 654,554 [R ] 383,567 1,038,120 [R ]
2017 4,134 280 10 109,606 150,118 41,631 41,904 348,456 6,330 41,664 630,104 5,699 749,274 387,222 1,136,496
aNatural gas as it is consumed; includes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. hThere are no direct fuel costs for hydroelectric, geothermal, solar, or wind energy.
bHydrocarbon gas liquids, include natural gas liquids and refinery olefins. iFor 1981 through 1992, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor
gasoline column.
cThrough 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 2005, includes kerosene-type
jet fuel only; naphtha-type jet fuel is included in "Other Petroleum."		 Where shown, R = Revised data.
dBeginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. Notes: Price estimates are weighted averages of price estimates, and expenditure estimates are the sum of
expenditure estimates for the residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors. · Expenditure totals
may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
eIncludes asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, petroleum coke, and the “other
petroleum products” category. See Technical Notes, Section 4.		 Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
fWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Sources: Data sources, estimation procedures, and assumptions are described in the Technical Notes.
gThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of the use of
wood and biomass waste beginning in 1989.