Manufacturing Available formats
Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS)Released: March 31, 2021
The Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) is a national sample survey that collects information on the stock of U.S. manufacturing establishment, their energy-related building characteristics, and their energy consumption and expenditures.
The Capability of U.S. Manufacturing to Switch FuelsReleased: September 6, 2018
Manufacturers’ capabilities to switch fuels within a short period of time has declined from 1994 to 2014, according to data from the most recent Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS). Among the most commonly purchased fuels, manufacturers could switch 24% of the total fuels consumed in 1994, but that capability declined to 10% in 2014. Capability to switch depends on the type of industry and the needs it may have for a specific energy source. When actual consumption data are combined with fuel-switching capability, data show that manufacturers use close to the maximum possible of natural gas and coal but close to the minimum possible of fuel oil and LPG.
PDF Energy Efficiency and Price Responsiveness in Energy Intensive Chemicals ManufacturingReleased: January 11, 2018
This paper presents estimates of the distribution of energy efficiency and price elasticities in the four major energy-using sectors of the upstream, energy-intensive portions of the Chemical industry (inorganic, organic, resins & plastics, and fertilizers).
PDF Energy Efficiency, Technical Change and Price Responsiveness in Non-Energy Intensive Chemicals ManufacturingReleased: January 11, 2018
This report provides estimates of energy efficiency and energy price response in the non-energy-intensive chemical manufacturing sector. A companion report focuses on the upstream, energy-intensive part of the industry.
Energy Use and Energy Intensity of U.S. Manufacturing—Data from the 2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS)Released: October 18, 2017
Energy intensity in manufacturing in the United States decreased from 2010 to 2014. U.S. manufacturing overall fuel intensity decreased by 4.4% from 3.016 thousand British thermal units (Btu) per dollar of output in 2010 to 2.882 thousand Btu in 2014.[1] U.S. manufacturing fuel consumption rose 4.7% from 2010 to 2014, although real gross output[2] increased more rapidly at 9.6%.
Energy Use and Energy Intensity of U.S. Manufacturing—Data from the 2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS)Released: October 18, 2017
Energy intensity in manufacturing in the United States decreased from 2010 to 2014. U.S. manufacturing overall fuel intensity decreased by 4.4% from 3.016 thousand British thermal units (Btu) per dollar of output in 2010 to 2.882 thousand Btu in 2014.[1] U.S. manufacturing fuel consumption rose 4.7% from 2010 to 2014, although real gross output[2] increased more rapidly at 9.6%.
Cost of Natural Gas Used in Manufacturing Sector Has FallenReleased: September 9, 2013
Natural gas has been an important exception to the trend of rising prices for energy sources used by manufacturers. Production of natural gas in the United States increased rapidly beginning in 2007 as a result of resources found in shale formations. That increase in supply has in turn lowered the price of natural gas to manufacturers
Cost of Natural Gas Used in Manufacturing Sector Has FallenReleased: September 6, 2013
Natural gas has been an important exception to the trend of rising prices for energy sources used by manufacturers. Production of natural gas in the United States increased rapidly beginning in 2007 as a result of resources found in shale formations. That increase in supply has in turn lowered the price of natural gas to manufacturers
Manufacturing Energy Consumption Data Show Large Reductions in Both Manufacturing Energy Use and the Energy Intensity of Manufacturing Activity between 2002 and 2010Released: March 19, 2013
Total energy consumption in the manufacturing sector decreased by 17% from 2002 to 2010, according to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS).
Manufacturing Energy Consumption Data Show Large Reductions in Both Manufacturing Energy Use and the Energy Intensity of Manufacturing Activity between 2002 and 2010Released: March 19, 2013
Total energy consumption in the manufacturing sector decreased by 17% from 2002 to 2010, according to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS).
Combined heat and power technology fills an important energy nicheReleased: November 21, 2012
Early-release Estimates From the 2010 MECS Show That Energy Consumption In the Manufacturing Sector Decreased Between 2006 and 2010Released: March 28, 2012
Energy consumption in the U.S. manufacturing sector fell from 21,098 trillion Btu (tBtu) in 2006 to 19,062 tBtu in 2010, a decline of almost 10% , based on preliminary estimates released from the 2010 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS). This decline continues the downward trend in manufacturing energy use since the 1998 MECS report.
Early-release Estimates From the 2010 MECS Show That Energy Consumption In the Manufacturing Sector Decreased Between 2006 and 2010Released: March 28, 2012
Energy consumption in the U.S. manufacturing sector fell from 21,098 trillion Btu (tBtu) in 2006 to 19,062 tBtu in 2010, a decline of almost 10% , based on preliminary estimates released from the 2010 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS). This decline continues the downward trend in manufacturing energy use since the 1998 MECS report.
Steel Industry Analysis BriefReleased: July 15, 2009
The steel industry is critical to the U.S. economy. Steel is the material of choice for many elements of construction, transportation, manufacturing, and a variety of consumer products. It is the backbone of bridges, skyscrapers, railroads, automobiles, and appliances. Most grades of steel used today - particularly high-strength steels that are lighter and more versatile - were not available a decade ago.
Steel Industry Analysis BriefReleased: July 15, 2009
The steel industry is critical to the U.S. economy. Steel is the material of choice for many elements of construction, transportation, manufacturing, and a variety of consumer products. It is the backbone of bridges, skyscrapers, railroads, automobiles, and appliances. Most grades of steel used today - particularly high-strength steels that are lighter and more versatile - were not available a decade ago.
Manufacturing Establishments Reports, Data Tables and QuestionnairesReleased: May 1, 2008
Reports, data tables, and questionnaires for manufacturing establishments from 1980-2002
Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions in U.S. ManufacturingReleased: November 1, 2006
Based on the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA), this paper presents historical energy-related carbon dioxide emission estimates for energy-intensive sub-sectors and 23 industries. Estimates are based on surveys of more than 15,000 manufacturing plants in 1991, 1994, 1998, and 2002. EIA is currently developing its collection of manufacturing data for 2006.
Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions in U.S. ManufacturingReleased: November 1, 2006
Based on the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA), this paper presents historical energy-related carbon dioxide emission estimates for energy-intensive sub-sectors and 23 industries. Estimates are based on surveys of more than 15,000 manufacturing plants in 1991, 1994, 1998, and 2002. EIA is currently developing its collection of manufacturing data for 2006.
Energy Use in ManufacturingReleased: August 14, 2006
This report addresses both manufacturing energy consumption and characteristics of the manufacturing economy related to energy consumption. In addition, special sections on fuel switching capacity and energy-management activities between 1998 and 2002 are also featured in this report.
Chemical Industry Analysis BriefReleased: June 15, 2005
The chemical industries are a cornerstone of the U.S. economy, converting raw materials such as oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals into thousands of various products. Chemicals are key materials for producing an extensive assortment of consumer goods.
Chemical Industry Analysis BriefReleased: June 15, 2005
The chemical industries are a cornerstone of the U.S. economy, converting raw materials such as oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals into thousands of various products. Chemicals are key materials for producing an extensive assortment of consumer goods.
Summary of the MECS 2002 User Needs QuestionnaireReleased: June 1, 2002
Summarizes the results of the user needs questionnaire we conducted for the 2002 MECS
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions in ManufacturingReleased: May 31, 2000
Energy-related carbon emissions in manufacturing analysis and issues related to the energy use, energy efficiency, and carbon emission indicators.
Fuel Oil Use in ManufacturingReleased: May 15, 2000
This web page focal point is the large majority of oil products purchased by manufacturers to produce heat and power are distillate and residual fuel oils.
Fuel Oil Use in ManufacturingReleased: May 15, 2000
This web page focal point is the large majority of oil products purchased by manufacturers to produce heat and power are distillate and residual fuel oils.
How Changing Energy Markets Affect ManufacturingReleased: March 1, 2000
The market for natural gas has been changing for quite some time. As part of natural gas restructuring, gas pipelines were opened to multiple users. Manufacturers or their representatives could go directly to the wellhead to purchase their natural gas, arrange the transportation, and have the natural gas delivered either by the local distribution company or directly through a connecting pipeline.
How Changing Energy Markets Affect ManufacturingReleased: March 1, 2000
Describes how the manufacturing energy markets change by using the 1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption (MECS) data.
Summary of the MECS 1998 User Needs QuestionnaireReleased: April 1, 1999
Summarizes the results of the user needs questionnaire we conducted for the 1998 MECS
Manufacturing Consumption of Energy 1994 including Fuel SwitchingReleased: August 14, 1998
Describes the results of the 1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.
Derived Annual Estimates of Manufacturing Energy Consumption, 1974-1988Released: August 1, 1998
This report presents a complete series of annual estimates of purchased energy used by the manufacturing sector of the U.S. economy, for the years 1974 to 1988.
Changes in Energy Intensity in the Manufacturing Sector 1985 - 1994Released: August 1, 1998
This data report focuses on intensity of energy use, measured by energy consumption relative to constant dollar shipments of manufactured products.
Manufacturing Consumption of Energy 1991 including Fuel SwitchingReleased: April 1, 1997
Describes the results of the 1991 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.
Calculation of MECS Energy MeasuresReleased: April 1, 1997
Describes how the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) energy measures are derived.
Changes in Energy Intensity 1985-1991Released: May 25, 1996
Describes changes in manufacturing energy intensity between 1985-1991.
PDF Changes in Energy Intensity in the Manufacturing Sector 1985-1991Released: September 1, 1995
Changes in Energy Intensity in the Manufacturing Sector, 1985-1991 presents statistics about changes in energy consumption per constant dollar of value of shipments. The report is based on the 1991 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS), and is the third publication associated with that survey. The 1991 MECS is the third survey conducted, with earlier surveys gathering information on 1985 and 1988 energy consumption patterns. The information in this report continues the data series on changes in energy intensity based on information collected by the two earlier surveys.
A Comparison of Measures by Consumption and Supply SurveysReleased: June 15, 1988
This report was prepared in response to a request from the Office of Policy Integration in the U.S. Department of Energy for an analysis of how Energy Information Administration data from its consumption surveys compares with data from its supply surveys.