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The amount of coal that exists in the United States is difficult to estimate because it is buried underground. In 1975, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) published the most comprehensive national assessment of U.S. coal resources, which indicated that as of January 1, 1974, coal resources in the United States totaled 4 trillion short tons. Although the USGS has conducted more recent regional assessments of U.S. coal resources, a new national-level assessment of U.S. coal resources has not been conducted.
EIA publishes three measures of how much coal is left in the United States. The measures are based on various degrees of geologic certainty and on the economic feasibility of mining the coal.
EIA's estimates for the amount of coal reserves as of January 1, 2023, by type of reserve are:1
Click to enlarge
Based on U.S. coal production in 2022, of about 0.594 billion short tons, the recoverable coal reserves would last about 422 years, and recoverable reserves at producing mines would last about 20 years. The actual number of years that those reserves will last depends on changes in production and reserves estimates.
did youknow
Six states had 77% of the demonstrated reserve base (DRB) of coal as of January 1, 2023:1
Twenty six other states had the remaining 23% of the DRB.
As of December 31, 2021, estimates of total world proved recoverable reserves of coal were about 1,161 billion short tons (or about 1.16 trillion short tons), and five countries had about 75% of the world's proved coal reserves.
1 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Coal Reserves, October 2023. 2 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics, Coal reserves, as of October 24, 2023.
Last updated: October 24, 2023, with data available at the time of update.
