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Distillate fuel oil: A general classification for one of the petroleum fractions produced in conventional distillation operations. It includes diesel fuels and fuel oils. Products known as No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 diesel fuel are used in on-highway diesel engines, such as those in trucks and automobiles, as well as off-highway engines, such as those in railroad locomotives and agricultural machinery. Products known as No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 fuel oils are used primarily for space heating and electric power generation.
- No. 1 Distillate: A light petroleum distillate that can be used as either a diesel fuel (see No. 1 Diesel Fuel) or a fuel oil. See No.1 Fuel Oil .
- No. 1 Diesel Fuel: A light distillate fuel oil that has distillation temperatures of 550 degrees Fahrenheit at the 90-percent point and meets the specifications defined in ASTM Specification D 975. It is used in high-speed diesel engines, such as those in city buses and similar vehicles. See No. 1 Distillate.
- No. 1 Fuel Oil: A light distillate fuel oil that has distillation temperatures of 400 degrees Fahrenheit at the 10-percent recovery point and 550 degrees Fahrenheit at the 90-percent point and meets the specifications defined in ASTM Specification D 396. It is used primarily as fuel for portable outdoor stoves and portable outdoor heaters. See No. 1 Distillate.
- No. 2 Distillate: A petroleum distillate that can be used as either a diesel fuel (see No. 2 Diesel Fuel definition) or a fuel oil. See No. 2 Fuel oil.
- No. 2 Diesel Fuel: A fuel that has a distillation temperature of 640 degrees Fahrenheit at the 90-percent recovery point and meets the specifications defined in ASTM Specification D 975. It is used in high-speed diesel engines, such as those in railroad locomotives, trucks, and automobiles. See No. 2 Distillate.
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No. 2 fuel oil (heating oil): A distillate fuel oil that has a distillation temperatures of 400 degrees Fahrenheit at the 10-percent recovery point and 640 degrees Fahrenheit at the 90-percent recovery point and meets the specifications defined in ASTM Specification D 396. It is used in atomizing type burners for domestic heating or for moderate capacity commercial/industrial burner units. See No. 2 Distillate.
No. 4 Diesel Fuel and No. 4 Fuel Oil: See No. 4 Fuel.
Distillation unit (atmospheric): The primary distillation unit that processes crude oil (including mixtures of other hydrocarbons) at approximately atmospheric conditions. It includes a pipe still for vaporizing the crude oil and a fractionation tower for separating the vaporized hydrocarbon components in the crude oil into fractions with different boiling ranges. This is done by continuously vaporizing and condensing the components to separate higher oiling point material. The selected boiling ranges are set by the processing scheme, the properties of the crude oil, and the product specifications.
Distributed generator: A generator that is located close to the particular load that it is intended to serve. General, but non-exclusive, characteristics of these generators include: an operating strategy that supports the served load; and interconnection to a distribution or sub-transmission system (138 kV or less).
Distributed/point-of-use water-heating system: A system for heating hot water, for other than space heating purposes, which is located at more than one space within a building. A point-of-use water heater is located at the faucet and heats water only as required for immediate use. Because water is not heated until it is required, this equipment is more energy-efficient.
Distribution: The delivery of energy to retail customers.
Distribution provider (electric): Provides and operates the wires between the transmission system and the end-use customer. For those end-use customers who are served at transmission voltages, the Transmission Owner also serves as the Distribution Provider. Thus, the Distribution Provider is not defined by a specific voltage, but rather as performing the Distribution function at any voltage. NERC definition
Distribution system: The portion of the transmission and facilities of an electric system that is dedicated to delivering electric energy to an end-user.
Distribution use: Natural gas used as fuel in the respondent's operations.
Distributor: A company primarily engaged in the sale and delivery of natural and/or supplemental gas directly to consumers through a system of mains.
District chilled water: Chilled water from an outside source used as an energy source for cooling in a building. The water is chilled in a central plant and piped into the building. Chilled water may be purchased from a utility or provided by a central physical plant in a separate building that is part of the same multibuilding facility (for example, a hospital complex or university).
District energy: Energy produced in a centralized plant, other than in an electric power plant, that is consumed or stored as steam, hot water, or chilled water. This energy is distributed through a network of pipes to meet demand for process steam, heat, or cooling within a commercial or residential building, multibuilding facility, group of buildings, or an industrial facility.
District heat: Steam or hot water from an outside source used as an energy source in a building. The steam or hot water is produced in a central plant and piped into the building. The district heat may be purchased from a utility or provided by a physical plant in a separate building that is part of the same facility (for example, a hospital complex or university).