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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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‹ BACK TO ALL 2018 CBECS TABLES

Release date: September 2021
Revised date: September 2022
Table B3.  Census region, number of buildings and floorspace, 2018
Number of buildings (thousand) Total floorspace (million square feet)
  All
buildings		 North-
east		 Mid-
west		 South West All
buildings		 North-
east		 Mid-
west		 South West
All buildings 5,918 793 1,719 2,143 1,264 96,423 15,951 25,932 34,907 19,633
Building floorspace (square feet)                    
1,001 to 5,000  2,833 373 810 1,076 573 8,025 1,126 2,269 2,979 1,651
5,001 to 10,000  1,359 157 416 459 328 10,204 1,154 3,021 3,542 2,488
10,001 to 25,000 981 145 288 338 209 15,838 2,371 4,469 5,656 3,342
25,001 to 50,000 386 58 115 128 86 13,957 2,140 4,064 4,716 3,036
50,001 to 100,000  218 30 57 89 41 15,302 2,195 3,942 6,312 2,853
100,001 to 200,000  93 19 20 36 18 13,003 2,659 2,759 4,999 2,586
200,001 to 500,000  40 8 10 15 7 11,776 2,397 3,062 4,203 2,115
Over 500,000  9 2 2 3 2 8,317 1,908 2,347 2,500 1,562
Principal building activity                    
Education 437 44 90 153 150 13,623 2,545 3,837 4,967 2,275
Food sales  163 Q 58 71 Q 1,006 Q 404 249 Q
Food service  286 29 72 110 75 1,385 138 279 563 405
Health care  137 23 20 50 45 4,018 779 1,076 1,173 990
Inpatient  9 1 1 3 3 2,259 367 712 716 463
Outpatient  129 21 18 47 42 1,760 412 364 457 527
Lodging  207 34 68 55 50 6,976 1,207 1,661 2,379 1,729
Mercantile  517 60 139 207 112 10,781 1,394 2,625 4,463 2,300
Retail (other than mall)  350 49 97 138 67 5,193 606 1,482 2,163 943
Enclosed and strip malls  167 11 42 69 45 5,588 788 1,143 2,300 1,357
Office  970 138 265 375 193 16,662 3,196 4,336 5,703 3,427
Public assembly  488 91 141 168 88 7,192 1,107 1,890 2,711 1,485
Public order and safety  81 Q Q 28 28 1,538 Q Q 673 323
Religious worship  439 61 122 201 55 5,471 585 1,444 2,569 873
Service  867 144 305 237 181 6,240 1,268 2,223 1,684 1,066
Warehouse and storage  1,004 119 307 366 212 17,483 2,398 4,714 6,365 4,006
Other  113 22 41 36 15 2,435 744 601 809 281
Vacant  208 Q 78 87 35 1,612 Q 544 599 260
Year constructed                    
Before 1920 329 101 116 72 40 3,600 1,285 1,113 790 412
1920 to 1945 379 70 142 109 58 5,646 1,589 1,914 1,251 891
1946 to 1959 517 80 135 170 132 6,937 1,539 1,714 2,420 1,264
1960 to 1969 685 122 207 204 152 10,360 2,045 2,806 3,758 1,752
1970 to 1979 831 79 256 311 184 13,061 2,263 3,889 4,243 2,666
1980 to 1989 794 92 180 329 193 13,465 2,015 2,933 5,244 3,272
1990 to 1999 921 107 237 354 223 15,535 1,948 4,110 6,158 3,320
2000 to 2009 924 82 281 377 183 17,500 2,107 4,846 7,050 3,497
2010 to 2018 537 59 164 215 99 10,319 1,159 2,609 3,994 2,557
Climate zonea                    
Cold or very cold 539 117 326 N 95 7,044 1,099 4,814 N 1,131
Cool 1,727 393 1,019 N 315 26,768 6,984 15,176 N 4,608
Mixed mild 1,216 283 374 386 Q 25,096 7,868 5,942 7,660 3,626
Warm 1,606 N N 1,109 497 25,085 N N 17,361 7,725
Hot or very hot 831 N N 648 183 12,429 N N 9,886 2,543
Number of floors                    
1 4,106 365 1,145 1,636 959 43,576 4,478 11,650 17,683 9,765
2 1,286 258 419 375 234 23,300 4,001 6,929 7,821 4,549
3 370 117 121 90 42 10,516 2,409 3,505 3,188 1,414
4 to 9 142 47 33 37 25 13,031 3,313 2,649 4,427 2,642
10 or more 16 7 2 5 3 6,000 1,751 1,199 1,787 1,262
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)		                    
Any elevators 503 119 135 154 95 36,501 8,202 9,377 12,038 6,885
1 elevator 366 86 108 106 65 14,215 3,109 4,062 4,660 2,384
2 to 5 elevators 121 29 25 42 26 13,316 3,009 3,326 4,455 2,526
6 or more elevators 16 4 3 6 4 8,970 2,085 1,988 2,924 1,974
Any escalators 14 3 Q 3 3 3,753 890 766 1,292 805
Number of workers (main shift)                    
Fewer than 5 3,270 461 1,039 1,140 629 21,065 3,059 6,270 7,676 4,060
5 to 9 1,116 114 294 450 259 10,323 1,322 2,749 4,122 2,129
10 to 19 713 93 185 258 177 11,348 1,471 3,544 3,911 2,421
20 to 49 492 64 133 175 119 16,132 2,296 4,507 5,858 3,470
50 to 99 201 35 44 73 50 12,961 2,347 3,136 4,836 2,642
100 to 249 90 19 18 32 21 12,442 2,652 3,151 4,425 2,214
250 or more 37 8 6 14 9 12,152 2,803 2,576 4,078 2,695
Weekly operating hours                    
Fewer than 40 1,370 155 491 486 236 10,776 1,390 3,282 4,043 2,061
40 to 48 1,483 156 387 595 344 18,826 2,318 4,905 7,411 4,191
49 to 60 1,250 233 321 410 287 22,845 4,062 5,738 8,352 4,693
61 to 84 645 92 145 266 143 14,727 2,746 4,062 5,016 2,903
85 to 167 465 59 138 163 105 10,038 1,822 2,935 3,138 2,143
Open continuously 705 98 237 223 148 19,213 3,612 5,011 6,948 3,642
Ownership and occupancy                    
Nongovernment owned 4,982 708 1,483 1,803 988 74,728 12,696 20,467 26,255 15,311
Owner occupied 3,249 490 1,022 1,204 533 45,355 7,704 12,897 16,788 7,966
Leased to tenant(s) 1,581 212 412 533 424 28,382 4,824 7,282 9,140 7,136
Unoccupied 152 Q Q 66 Q 990 Q Q 326 Q
Government owned 937 85 236 340 276 21,695 3,255 5,466 8,653 4,322
Federal 70 10 Q 31 13 1,946 288 406 914 337
State 256 16 47 106 87 6,888 919 1,329 3,215 1,425
Local 610 58 173 203 176 12,861 2,048 3,730 4,523 2,559
Party responsible for operation
of energy systems		                    
Building owner 4,872 682 1,463 1,746 980 79,282 13,448 21,859 28,685 15,290
Business owner or tenant 831 93 199 327 213 12,842 2,034 2,842 4,674 3,292
Property management 97 Q Q 32 45 1,994 265 430 725 573
Other 118 9 47 38 25 2,306 205 801 823 477
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases		                    
Building owner 5,127 710 1,522 1,850 1,045 82,862 13,953 22,684 30,258 15,967
Business owner or tenant 483 55 104 188 136 7,585 1,234 1,729 2,704 1,918
Property management 49 Q Q 17 Q 1,072 Q Q 393 Q
Other 260 25 86 88 61 4,904 617 1,265 1,552 1,470
Number of establishments                    
One 4,719 629 1,383 1,707 1,001 65,391 10,254 18,669 23,733 12,736
2 to 5 811 127 214 298 172 16,431 2,796 3,859 5,957 3,820
6 to 10 135 21 43 34 36 5,539 1,172 1,311 1,908 1,148
11 to 20 63 6 Q 26 17 3,894 759 736 1,533 867
More than 20 19 3 Q 7 5 3,999 785 967 1,412 835
Currently unoccupied 170 Q 61 71 Q 1,168 Q 390 365 Q
Campus or complex activity                    
Not part of a campus or complex 3,622 494 1,099 1,350 680 56,609 10,146 16,521 19,547 10,395
Primary or secondary school 247 20 20 86 122 5,106 711 990 2,112 1,293
College or university 103 12 Q 44 24 3,761 712 653 1,725 671
Office complex 141 20 32 51 37 3,823 666 602 1,468 1,087
Retail complex 250 26 76 69 79 4,573 547 1,125 1,679 1,223
Storage complex 418 36 144 147 91 5,684 673 1,825 2,012 1,174
Religious campus or complex 253 Q 52 123 46 3,209 Q 541 1,825 528
Health care complex 60 Q 12 25 14 2,838 485 911 754 687
Lodging or resort complex 102 Q Q 34 31 1,575 Q Q 572 638
Transportation complex 36 Q Q 10 Q 774 Q Q Q Q
Government complex 124 Q 50 44 18 1,706 Q 581 574 377
Other 563 101 182 160 119 6,765 1,152 1,885 2,231 1,497
Predominant exterior wall material                    
Brick, stone, or stucco 2,490 303 613 1,014 561 46,134 8,079 11,616 18,335 8,104
Concrete (block or poured) 935 152 236 335 212 19,357 3,608 4,672 6,316 4,761
Concrete panels 137 7 28 58 44 8,331 883 2,110 3,015 2,323
Siding or shingles 948 218 333 218 178 5,992 1,294 2,217 1,124 1,357
Metal panels 1,250 84 485 462 220 12,198 1,147 4,378 4,899 1,774
Window glass 19 3 2 8 6 2,192 396 450 685 661
Other 139 26 22 48 43 2,219 544 489 532 653
Predominant roof material                    
Metal surfacing 2,198 159 665 942 432 20,936 1,852 5,702 9,752 3,629
Synthetic or rubber 940 188 272 266 214 31,563 7,029 8,655 9,849 6,030
Built-up 708 62 190 256 200 19,308 3,081 5,119 6,955 4,154
Slate or tile shingles 376 63 76 144 93 3,997 710 892 1,318 1,077
Wooden materials (including
shingles)		 166 Q Q 45 71 1,568 Q Q 227 814
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles		 1,311 257 468 394 192 14,058 2,351 4,528 4,588 2,591
Concrete 83 Q Q 39 16 1,968 249 Q 989 513
Other 136 21 11 57 47 3,026 393 577 1,231 825
Roof tilt                    
Flat 1,914 259 462 643 551 54,253 10,648 13,377 18,431 11,797
Shallow pitch 2,313 247 744 891 431 27,609 2,699 8,448 10,882 5,580
Steeper pitch 1,691 287 514 608 282 14,561 2,604 4,108 5,594 2,255
Cool roof characteristics (more than one may apply)                    
White/reflective coating or paint 1,285 94 371 434 386 32,799 3,767 7,627 12,470 8,934
White/reflective tiles or shingles 140 17 28 60 35 2,713 452 515 1,215 532
Aluminum coating 528 58 108 268 94 6,149 1,114 956 3,100 978
Ballasted roof system 114 20 36 24 33 6,277 1,273 2,295 1,623 1,085
Other cool roof property 35 Q Q 16 13 1,603 386 Q 698 241
Renovations since 2000
(more than one may apply)		                    
Any type of renovation 2,032 343 565 747 377 45,165 8,419 12,619 15,951 8,176
Addition or annex 327 56 112 116 44 10,854 1,893 4,018 3,410 1,534
Reduction in floorspace 35 5 6 18 Q 1,784 422 538 585 238
Roof replacement 847 161 202 350 133 20,862 4,394 5,933 7,265 3,270
Interior wall reconfiguration 709 103 213 262 131 21,283 4,209 6,338 7,074 3,661
Window replacement 484 105 152 144 83 10,977 2,667 3,264 3,124 1,922
HVAC equipment upgrade 1,006 181 254 393 178 27,575 5,893 7,252 9,635 4,794
Lighting upgrade 1,012 192 304 324 192 29,098 5,958 8,390 9,312 5,438
Electrical upgrade 565 109 144 210 102 15,761 3,872 4,485 4,924 2,480
Plumbing system upgrade 584 113 151 218 103 15,537 3,759 4,158 4,908 2,711
Insulation upgrade 307 79 77 112 39 7,980 2,257 2,055 2,406 1,263
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 570 120 151 199 101 19,985 4,398 5,671 6,570 3,347
Structural upgrade 147 43 24 60 20 4,203 1,045 1,150 1,126 882
Other 43 Q Q 10 21 1,168 Q Q 606 233
No renovations 3,530 415 1,048 1,262 805 43,832 6,619 11,442 16,367 9,403
Buildings constructed 2013 or later 357 35 107 133 81 7,426 913 1,871 2,589 2,053
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 5,613 769 1,647 2,011 1,186 94,844 15,811 25,488 34,353 19,192
Natural gas 2,974 373 982 894 725 67,722 11,331 20,410 21,895 14,086
Fuel oil 583 230 120 144 89 21,185 5,930 4,585 6,794 3,875
District heat 86 29 15 25 17 6,745 1,823 1,507 2,130 1,284
District chilled water 55 5 3 33 14 4,288 520 746 2,059 963
Propane 676 157 225 219 75 10,157 2,470 2,381 3,358 1,948
Solar 99 20 14 12 53 3,820 1,214 650 531 1,424
Wood, coal, and other 180 47 61 45 26 2,113 415 617 676 405
Space-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 2,563 264 534 1,185 580 45,603 6,375 9,632 19,917 9,679
Natural gas 2,587 334 930 712 611 58,042 9,984 18,816 17,479 11,764
Fuel oil 266 183 Q 39 Q 4,134 2,515 710 728 180
District heat 83 29 15 22 17 6,547 1,779 1,428 2,092 1,247
Propane 431 74 191 128 38 3,896 920 1,111 1,264 601
Other sourcesb 127 Q 50 Q Q 927 Q 375 Q Q
Primary space-heating
energy source		                    
Electricity 1,856 134 328 990 404 27,618 2,650 4,676 14,237 6,054
Natural gas 2,344 313 878 615 538 50,060 8,893 17,082 14,158 9,927
Fuel oil 222 162 Q 28 Q 2,223 1,632 Q 408 Q
District heat 78 29 15 19 16 6,090 1,696 1,363 1,873 1,159
Propane 338 57 163 91 Q 2,290 508 797 751 Q
Other sourcesb 63 Q Q Q Q 380 Q Q Q Q
Cooling energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 4,584 580 1,207 1,838 960 84,526 14,054 22,160 31,905 16,406
Natural gas 4 Q Q Q Q 400 Q Q Q Q
District chilled water 55 5 3 33 14 4,288 520 746 2,059 963
Water-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 2,785 368 712 1,184 521 47,125 7,664 10,882 19,834 8,745
Natural gas 1,885 215 613 557 500 46,652 6,978 14,118 14,834 10,722
Fuel oil 72 63 Q Q Q 1,807 1,154 194 322 Q
District heat 38 14 7 11 6 4,206 1,380 958 1,167 700
Propane 145 37 Q 59 Q 1,947 482 Q 860 Q
Cooking energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 1,216 152 381 445 237 30,509 5,198 9,198 10,589 5,523
Natural gas 727 94 197 222 214 27,705 5,216 7,671 9,205 5,614
Propane 159 35 18 66 40 3,101 1,017 290 1,227 566
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)		                    
Buildings with space heating 4,901 710 1,417 1,755 1,019 88,661 15,465 24,096 31,527 17,572
Buildings with cooling 4,631 585 1,209 1,865 972 87,506 14,557 22,577 33,255 17,118
Buildings with water heating 4,595 655 1,284 1,690 966 87,717 15,001 23,634 31,781 17,301
Buildings with cooking 1,738 242 499 615 382 43,580 8,071 12,282 15,176 8,051
Buildings with manufacturing 322 34 106 101 81 6,871 979 2,302 2,067 1,522
Buildings with electricity
generation		 706 140 195 236 135 29,457 6,798 7,193 9,746 5,720
Buildings with lighting 5,509 758 1,594 1,984 1,174 94,122 15,760 25,196 34,060 19,106
Percentage of floorspace heated                    
Not heated 1,017 83 302 388 245 7,762 486 1,837 3,380 2,060
1 to 50 693 87 172 270 165 10,623 1,095 1,661 4,821 3,046
51 to 99 905 131 193 362 218 20,174 3,212 4,032 8,281 4,648
100 3,303 492 1,052 1,122 636 57,864 11,158 18,402 18,425 9,878
Percentage of floorspace cooled                    
Not cooled 1,288 208 510 278 292 8,917 1,394 3,356 1,652 2,515
1 to 50 1,111 170 311 394 236 19,722 3,624 5,427 6,519 4,152
51 to 99 998 168 247 388 195 26,277 5,243 6,607 9,780 4,647
100 2,522 246 652 1,083 541 41,507 5,691 10,543 16,955 8,319
Percentage lit when open                    
0% Q N Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q
1 to 50% 1,280 203 455 425 197 14,172 2,018 4,754 5,048 2,352
51 to 99% 1,784 249 500 611 424 38,847 6,450 10,568 13,858 7,971
100% 2,272 293 547 899 533 39,877 7,115 9,323 14,811 8,628
Building never open/electricity
not used		 513 47 174 186 105 2,998 367 1,040 945 646
Percentage lit during off hours                    
Zero 2,054 304 630 658 462 15,537 2,235 4,306 5,419 3,578
1 to 50 3,243 428 901 1,244 669 69,761 11,610 19,164 25,234 13,753
51 to 100 238 27 82 87 41 7,237 1,475 1,524 2,778 1,460
Building always open with
no "off hours"		 78 10 34 21 13 2,309 492 494 923 401
Electricity not used 305 Q Q 132 78 1,579 Q Q 554 440
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Packaged heating units 2,187 212 467 963 545 48,064 6,568 12,471 18,507 10,518
Furnaces 1,621 221 743 403 254 17,272 2,562 7,055 4,552 3,103
Individual space heaters 1,246 185 393 380 288 21,122 3,794 6,298 6,794 4,236
Boilers 703 226 217 130 131 28,831 7,386 8,614 7,445 5,385
Heat pumps 673 90 113 314 157 15,110 2,502 3,025 6,318 3,265
District heat 83 29 15 22 17 6,547 1,779 1,428 2,092 1,247
Duct reheat 134 17 26 65 26 7,418 1,069 1,694 3,660 996
Other 17 Q Q Q Q 821 Q Q Q Q
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Packaged air-conditioning units 2,565 300 569 1,089 607 56,290 9,366 14,019 21,324 11,581
Residential-type central air
conditioners		 1,309 132 541 460 176 18,270 2,790 6,687 6,230 2,563
Individual air conditioners 735 168 170 258 140 13,619 3,657 3,387 4,428 2,146
Central chillers 202 37 54 64 46 17,926 3,722 4,575 6,522 3,107
Heat pumps 492 83 87 217 105 11,098 2,394 2,034 4,170 2,501
District chilled water 55 5 3 33 14 4,288 520 746 2,059 963
Swamp coolers 85 Q Q 16 65 2,070 Q Q 439 1,311
Other Q Q N Q Q Q Q N Q Q
HVAC features
(more than one may apply)		                    
Economizer cycle 747 116 202 200 229 34,087 6,948 10,004 9,425 7,711
Variable air volume (VAV) system 698 74 218 248 158 29,268 5,195 7,959 10,180 5,934
Dedicated outside air system (DOAS) 249 39 61 83 66 9,027 1,743 2,202 3,426 1,655
Demand controlled ventilation (DCV) 349 69 80 114 85 10,474 2,763 2,445 3,399 1,866
Regular HVAC maintenance 3,554 496 903 1,364 792 78,015 13,396 19,821 28,848 15,949
Building automation system (BAS) controls heating/cooling 933 132 229 333 240 40,462 7,665 10,073 14,346 8,378
Internet-connected/smart thermostat 325 42 53 148 82 5,966 652 1,229 2,899 1,185
Programmable thermostat 1,545 246 405 516 379 20,882 3,733 5,846 6,437 4,865
Main equipment replaced since
2000 (more than one may apply)		                    
Heating 1,937 306 557 696 378 32,451 6,012 9,489 11,249 5,701
Cooling 1,269 243 364 449 213 23,013 5,307 6,184 7,636 3,886
Water-heating equipment                    
Centralized system 3,538 483 1,045 1,297 714 59,280 9,881 16,972 21,111 11,316
Distributed system 782 139 173 284 187 14,307 2,886 3,220 5,109 3,093
Combination of centralized and
distributed system		 274 33 66 109 66 14,129 2,234 3,442 5,561 2,892
Generation technologies
(more than one may apply)		                    
Reciprocating engine generators 580 112 173 214 80 25,163 5,771 6,335 8,899 4,158
Solar panels 94 20 14 12 48 3,750 1,211 636 520 1,384
Other generation technology 43 12 11 11 9 2,055 470 541 548 497
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)		                    
Incandescent 1,100 191 381 357 170 21,081 4,136 5,931 7,274 3,740
Standard fluorescent 4,019 552 1,131 1,496 840 72,932 12,356 19,212 26,607 14,758
Compact fluorescent 1,133 182 363 354 235 33,696 6,318 9,007 11,495 6,876
High-intensity discharge (HID) 238 44 74 72 48 11,356 2,096 3,054 4,244 1,962
Halogen 552 71 129 222 130 15,012 2,581 3,297 5,936 3,198
LED 2,592 439 716 851 586 61,847 11,641 16,613 20,663 12,930
Other Q N Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Any refrigeration 3,850 533 1,061 1,453 803 77,589 12,962 21,011 28,694 14,922
Walk-in units 706 101 201 238 166 29,384 5,493 8,043 10,369 5,479
Cases or cabinets 837 107 242 319 168 28,517 5,324 7,642 10,221 5,331
Large cold storage areas 69 11 19 26 13 3,592 540 705 1,343 1,004
Commercial ice makers 872 88 221 347 217 34,672 5,157 8,764 13,922 6,829
Residential-type or compact units 3,321 461 938 1,262 661 64,735 10,759 17,793 23,691 12,492
Vending machines 800 105 207 338 150 42,071 7,167 11,359 16,051 7,494
No refrigeration 2,068 259 659 689 461 18,834 2,989 4,921 6,213 4,710
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Desktop computers 3,804 526 978 1,448 851 82,012 13,897 21,432 30,192 16,492
With multiple monitors 1,504 213 421 543 327 50,844 8,928 12,903 18,299 10,714
Laptop computers 2,786 395 796 1,037 558 69,375 11,999 18,798 25,117 13,461
Dedicated servers 1,400 192 361 512 335 51,595 9,474 13,726 17,711 10,685
Tablets charged in building 1,556 234 409 577 336 48,778 8,447 12,818 17,690 9,823
Large floor-standing office devices2 1,456 217 381 557 300 54,088 9,853 14,091 19,509 10,636
Smaller desktop office devices2 3,560 508 962 1,344 746 74,467 13,145 19,163 27,409 14,750
Interactive whiteboards 262 34 67 93 68 16,939 3,542 4,667 5,892 2,838
Televisions/video displays 2,451 347 663 940 501 63,618 11,323 16,168 23,646 12,481
Point-of-sales devices/cash registers 1,420 197 376 532 316 33,606 6,127 9,093 11,564 6,822
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)		                    
Snack bar/concession stand/coffee shop 144 12 46 49 38 10,361 1,614 2,935 3,369 2,443
Fast food/small restaurant 160 18 47 49 46 9,759 1,657 2,581 3,165 2,356
Cafeteria/large restaurant 129 28 39 38 25 14,531 3,161 4,250 4,837 2,283
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area		 284 52 68 106 58 17,698 3,289 4,923 6,243 3,244
Small kitchen area 1,018 149 315 346 208 20,519 3,784 6,211 6,683 3,840
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)		                    
Server closet 1,237 159 327 482 270 48,722 8,779 12,544 17,501 9,898
Data center 116 25 16 43 32 11,383 2,570 3,036 3,409 2,369
Computer-based training room 228 23 53 90 61 16,556 2,945 4,509 5,745 3,356
Student or public computer center 236 22 52 92 70 12,527 2,273 3,202 4,635 2,418
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)		                    
Multipaned windows 3,527 512 1,108 1,191 716 72,694 12,812 20,761 25,145 13,977
Tinted window glass 1,679 145 386 724 424 44,363 6,274 10,859 17,061 10,169
Reflective window glass 497 50 137 164 146 17,929 2,618 4,768 5,450 5,093
External overhangs or awnings 1,513 131 378 601 403 28,718 3,445 6,990 11,241 7,042
Skylights or atriums 509 66 105 189 149 19,815 3,193 5,228 6,385 5,009
Light scheduling 910 133 227 314 236 33,552 6,304 8,096 11,521 7,630
Occupancy sensors 1,025 150 302 291 282 44,304 9,010 11,768 14,044 9,482
Multi-level lighting or dimming 332 56 95 105 77 14,424 2,189 4,420 4,496 3,318
Daylight harvesting 138 14 32 54 38 7,244 1,350 1,390 2,488 2,017
Plug-load control 58 3 12 25 18 1,961 181 569 764 446
Demand responsive lighting 98 Q Q 13 24 2,045 354 684 538 468
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting 317 31 59 124 103 16,645 2,713 3,673 6,054 4,205
Electric vehicle (EV) charging                    
Charging stations associated with the building 132 21 24 41 46 10,165 1,658 2,083 3,348 3,075
 
Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-871A of the 2018 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey
Notes: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. The Guide to the 2018 CBECS Tables and CBECS Terminology contain definitions of terms used in these tables and comparisons between previous CBECS tables. You can access both references from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2018/.
Data are sample survey estimates with RSEs published in a tab on the Excel worksheet for this table.
aClimate zones are based on ASHRAE Standard 169-2021; see https://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/maps.php#defined.
bOther sources includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.
cOffice devices refers to any combination of printers, copiers, scanners, or FAX machines.
Q = Data withheld either because the relative standard error (RSE) was greater than 50% or fewer than 20 buildings in reporting sample.
N = No buildings in reporting sample.