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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Table C6. Expenditures by Census region for sum of major fuels, 2012

Released: May 2016

Sum of major fuel
expenditures
(million dollars)
Sum of major fuel expenditures (dollars)
per million Btu per square foot
  North-
east
Mid-
west
South West North-
east
Mid-
west
South West North-
east
Mid-
west
South West
All buildings 34,917 27,379 54,780 31,983 23.93 17.49 21.35 23.31 2.25 1.45 1.60 1.74
Building floorspace (square feet)                        
1,001 to 5,000 2,672 3,026 7,166 3,478 25.18 19.54 22.38 24.58 2.53 1.63 2.12 1.99
5,001 to 10,000 2,251 2,490 5,336 4,154 25.29 17.04 21.31 25.86 1.80 1.33 1.51 1.85
10,001 to 25,000 4,259 3,578 7,083 5,001 26.62 18.46 22.16 24.63 1.77 1.24 1.36 1.39
25,001 to 50,000 2,846 3,804 6,772 3,876 23.09 17.25 21.35 23.98 1.73 1.26 1.50 1.43
50,001 to 100,000 5,547 4,382 9,138 3,456 22.10 17.28 22.20 22.87 2.07 1.61 1.49 1.46
100,001 to 200,000 6,448 3,488 7,317 4,654 21.37 18.12 21.30 23.60 2.54 1.45 1.42 2.00
200,001 to 500,000 6,007 4,029 6,640 4,204 24.53 16.27 20.07 20.71 2.69 1.48 1.80 2.02
Over 500,000 4,886 2,583 5,327 3,160 26.63 16.48 19.51 20.55 2.83 1.82 2.01 2.47
Principal building activity                        
Education 3,432 3,825 6,955 2,606 20.35 16.25 21.63 22.44 1.67 1.21 1.35 1.41
Food sales 1,684 803 2,053 1,626 23.37 21.59 23.68 24.57 5.32 4.62 5.15 4.49
Food service 1,735 1,701 4,186 2,334 23.85 16.29 17.71 23.15 5.94 4.60 5.43 6.04
Health care 3,760 2,262 4,503 2,548 21.36 14.70 17.84 18.84 3.53 2.63 3.12 3.24
Inpatient 2,542 1,549 3,376 1,906 20.52 13.63 16.41 18.07 4.73 3.12 3.78 4.27
Outpatient 1,218 713 1,126 641 23.37 17.70 24.12 21.56 2.30 1.95 2.06 1.89
Lodging 2,143 1,800 3,950 3,104 21.74 16.77 19.48 19.92 2.13 1.70 1.72 2.13
Mercantile 3,919 3,864 9,228 5,694 25.55 18.40 23.21 23.09 2.37 1.81 1.95 2.02
Retail (other than mall) 1,675 1,682 3,224 2,402 30.01 19.65 24.21 26.93 2.01 1.47 1.52 1.80
Enclosed and strip malls 2,244 2,182 6,004 3,292 23.00 17.54 22.70 20.92 2.74 2.20 2.31 2.23
Office 9,791 5,289 9,276 6,426 26.49 19.82 25.19 27.19 2.64 1.59 1.69 1.88
Public assembly 2,276 2,457 3,674 1,810 24.60 17.77 20.85 24.80 2.39 1.55 1.83 1.78
Public order and safety 1,021 412 959 Q 27.29 14.01 19.30 Q 2.96 1.23 1.67 Q
Religious worship 717 599 1,451 571 19.26 14.18 21.58 21.49 0.80 0.65 0.72 0.79
Service 1,133 1,523 2,039 918 23.23 17.35 20.03 27.38 1.38 1.03 1.24 1.32
Warehouse and storage 1,426 1,729 4,040 2,500 22.60 18.57 22.95 25.86 0.81 0.68 0.77 0.71
Other 1,741 924 2,149 1,145 26.99 18.83 18.46 20.40 6.38 2.13 2.60 2.45
Vacant Q 191 316 327 Q 17.88 24.03 25.69 Q 0.36 0.19 0.49
Year constructed                        
Before 1920 2,438 875 1,528 353 25.24 16.35 21.06 22.80 1.49 0.84 1.56 1.07
1920 to 1945 4,349 1,804 2,137 1,409 26.21 16.29 24.33 26.20 2.22 1.02 1.42 1.77
1946 to 1959 3,279 2,421 3,205 2,111 23.45 16.69 20.53 21.99 2.07 1.46 1.22 1.40
1960 to 1969 5,029 3,509 5,716 4,133 25.03 16.27 18.82 22.76 2.25 1.31 1.63 2.13
1970 to 1979 5,685 4,814 6,342 3,760 21.59 18.54 19.82 22.30 2.91 1.84 1.72 1.46
1980 to 1989 3,784 4,056 11,967 6,367 25.84 17.40 21.91 26.71 2.17 1.55 1.72 1.62
1990 to 1999 5,175 3,893 9,559 5,136 23.15 18.45 22.03 21.98 2.53 1.39 1.55 1.84
2000 to 2003 2,301 2,626 5,381 2,292 23.25 19.57 21.86 23.04 2.35 1.76 1.62 1.61
2004 to 2007 1,170 1,847 4,379 3,913 22.03 18.27 22.01 22.39 2.34 1.49 1.54 2.01
2008 to 2012 1,707 1,535 4,567 Q 24.09 15.08 22.73 22.78 1.89 1.54 1.69 2.24
Climate region1                        
Very cold/Cold 21,580 23,441 N 7,558 23.12 17.24 N 16.68 2.05 1.45 N 1.45
Mixed-humid 13,338 3,938 32,164 N 25.35 19.13 20.92 N 2.65 1.43 1.60 N
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry N N Q 19,168 N N 14.97 26.77 N N 0.85 1.83
Hot-humid N N 21,303 Q N N 22.63 Q N N 1.69 Q
Marine N N N 4,677 N N N 23.78 N N N 1.91
Number of floors                        
One 8,192 11,047 27,601 15,597 24.00 17.93 22.23 24.66 2.12 1.44 1.49 1.60
Two 8,272 6,187 10,113 6,493 22.42 18.06 21.78 22.84 2.02 1.27 1.45 1.52
Three 5,026 3,606 3,512 1,906 25.23 16.77 20.13 24.02 2.08 1.38 1.73 1.76
Four to nine 7,691 4,865 10,290 5,464 21.61 16.50 19.38 21.84 2.26 1.67 2.05 2.49
Ten or more 5,737 1,674 3,264 2,524 29.57 17.22 21.07 20.12 3.29 1.90 1.88 2.41
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)
                       
Any elevators 20,602 12,112 20,854 12,501 23.66 16.86 20.45 21.77 2.60 1.60 1.89 2.22
Number of elevators                        
One 5,303 4,389 5,636 2,530 20.57 16.83 22.34 22.42 2.06 1.36 1.54 1.49
Two to five 7,860 4,397 8,714 5,135 23.77 17.31 20.22 22.69 2.50 1.58 1.89 2.25
Six or more 7,439 3,326 6,504 4,836 26.35 16.33 19.34 20.57 3.40 2.14 2.37 2.92
Any escalators 2,347 1,400 2,354 2,013 27.38 18.91 20.87 19.30 2.94 1.59 2.20 2.22
Number of workers (main shift)                        
Fewer than 5 3,134 3,768 6,484 3,497 24.84 18.46 22.48 25.46 1.16 0.88 0.88 1.02
5 to 9 2,271 2,699 5,415 3,246 25.36 20.15 22.22 24.86 1.77 1.41 1.52 1.46
10 to 19 2,335 3,101 6,646 4,273 24.58 16.62 20.65 25.30 1.68 1.65 1.74 1.68
20 to 49 4,600 4,834 9,576 6,405 24.41 17.21 21.51 23.42 2.42 1.43 1.71 1.77
50 to 99 5,256 4,490 10,322 3,910 21.36 17.24 21.48 24.01 2.20 1.63 1.70 1.73
100 to 249 6,020 3,753 7,567 4,402 22.56 17.02 20.65 21.51 2.38 1.62 1.82 2.28
250 or more 11,301 4,735 8,771 6,250 25.26 16.95 20.87 21.25 3.37 1.98 2.35 2.67
Weekly operating hours                        
Fewer than 40 862 1,395 1,477 1,065 23.28 17.96 20.75 24.80 0.73 0.69 0.42 0.70
40 to 48 3,398 3,135 7,539 5,101 24.56 17.91 23.08 26.58 1.44 1.03 1.11 1.41
49 to 60 6,534 5,529 11,032 5,823 26.63 18.32 23.10 24.99 1.95 1.26 1.30 1.35
61 to 84 6,892 5,968 10,313 6,898 23.27 17.80 22.33 24.96 2.08 1.64 1.96 1.89
85 to 167 5,804 4,660 8,010 4,399 22.69 17.34 20.57 23.88 3.09 1.92 2.55 2.26
Open continuously 11,427 6,693 16,408 8,696 23.48 16.44 19.54 19.61 3.30 1.96 2.32 2.64
Ownership and occupancy                        
Nongovernment owned 26,501 20,825 43,065 26,257 24.55 17.73 21.49 23.50 2.22 1.47 1.63 1.75
Owner occupied 11,366 10,409 20,496 11,012 22.80 16.92 20.72 21.49 2.08 1.42 1.69 1.92
Leased to tenant(s) 11,241 7,427 17,302 11,490 26.93 19.31 22.30 24.82 2.54 1.57 1.71 1.67
Owner occupied and leased 3,870 2,932 5,205 3,665 23.79 17.12 22.00 26.48 2.17 1.66 1.61 1.76
Unoccupied Q Q 63 Q Q Q 31.67 Q Q Q 0.06 Q
Government owned 8,416 6,554 11,714 5,726 22.16 16.76 20.83 22.50 2.32 1.38 1.49 1.71
Federal Q 507 1,769 387 Q 19.56 23.69 17.91 Q 1.84 2.12 1.90
State 3,592 1,952 3,037 2,069 20.38 16.46 18.46 21.69 3.13 1.69 1.44 1.84
Local 4,389 4,096 6,909 3,270 23.30 16.61 21.37 23.79 1.98 1.24 1.41 1.62
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems
                       
Building owner 29,004 23,922 44,731 25,531 23.87 17.35 21.28 22.95 2.18 1.42 1.55 1.72
Business owner or tenant 5,061 2,905 8,290 5,670 24.67 18.36 21.53 24.14 2.78 1.69 1.83 1.76
Property management Q Q 1,149 Q Q Q 21.93 Q Q Q 1.76 Q
Other Q Q 610 Q Q Q 22.85 Q Q Q 1.94 Q
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases
                       
Building owner 29,498 24,412 46,177 27,211 23.88 17.39 21.32 23.08 2.17 1.42 1.55 1.73
Business owner or tenant 4,179 2,249 6,424 4,049 24.97 18.46 21.08 23.50 3.00 1.77 1.93 1.79
Property management Q Q 451 Q Q Q 25.46 Q Q Q 1.31 Q
Other 841 466 1,728 326 22.13 18.36 22.08 29.27 2.68 1.35 2.14 1.48
Number of establishments                        
One 20,732 17,381 35,174 20,179 22.71 17.38 20.89 22.71 2.18 1.39 1.62 1.80
2 to 5 7,592 6,776 9,996 6,167 24.44 17.67 21.60 25.36 2.30 1.61 1.54 1.65
6 to 10 1,909 1,275 3,144 1,904 27.97 17.65 22.82 22.30 2.46 1.60 1.80 1.73
11 to 20 2,092 991 3,464 1,534 26.16 17.78 23.14 22.01 2.51 2.01 2.22 1.88
More than 20 2,569 899 2,928 2,087 29.55 17.70 22.59 26.30 3.09 1.69 2.06 2.01
Currently unoccupied Q Q 74 111 Q Q 29.34 19.39 Q Q 0.06 0.25
Predominant exterior wall material                        
Brick, stone, or stucco 17,155 13,732 28,689 12,703 23.79 16.88 20.88 23.15 2.24 1.52 1.72 1.79
Concrete (block or poured) 8,553 5,937 14,369 8,913 23.33 18.06 22.03 23.96 2.37 1.48 1.76 1.80
Concrete panels 2,102 2,838 4,164 4,900 20.81 16.68 21.80 24.23 2.61 1.68 1.32 1.61
Siding or shingles 2,930 2,007 1,923 2,527 29.37 19.47 21.20 23.74 1.84 1.44 1.38 1.84
Metal panels 1,770 1,906 4,114 1,413 25.18 19.17 21.17 22.19 1.73 0.89 0.97 1.12
Window glass 1,588 Q 831 856 21.74 Q 24.09 20.45 3.67 Q 2.31 2.65
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant roof material                        
Metal surfacing 2,468 3,313 9,994 3,603 26.54 19.79 22.08 23.76 1.52 1.02 1.20 1.32
Synthetic or rubber 13,751 11,798 15,054 9,388 23.66 17.55 20.94 20.00 2.34 1.57 1.94 2.00
Built-up 9,955 5,961 14,968 9,105 23.22 16.34 21.30 24.87 2.63 1.49 1.68 1.76
Slate or tile shingles 1,450 526 3,253 2,898 20.60 18.25 19.50 27.62 1.72 1.35 1.74 2.40
Wooden materials (including
shingles)
344 Q 637 695 20.43 Q 17.84 24.51 2.13 Q 1.66 1.48
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles
5,893 4,998 8,540 4,936 26.55 17.19 21.88 24.42 2.21 1.53 1.46 1.48
Concrete 692 Q 1,586 820 23.02 Q 24.25 29.82 2.32 Q 1.84 2.03
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Roof characteristics                        
Roof tilt                        
Flat 25,449 16,979 32,186 20,022 23.99 17.15 20.80 22.82 2.53 1.61 1.78 1.84
Shallow pitch 4,424 6,471 15,728 8,641 22.75 18.75 22.44 24.26 1.74 1.29 1.43 1.63
Steeper pitch 5,044 3,929 6,866 3,319 24.72 17.06 21.59 24.03 1.72 1.18 1.33 1.51
Cool roof 8,725 6,243 13,650 10,017 22.91 16.85 21.60 22.07 2.58 1.70 1.81 1.98
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)
                       
Any type of renovation 22,854 15,440 26,780 14,055 24.16 17.42 20.97 21.54 2.47 1.53 1.74 1.88
Addition or annex 6,240 6,652 8,247 3,685 22.61 17.07 19.54 18.07 2.42 1.63 1.79 2.10
Reduction in floorspace Q 571 1,382 451 21.06 18.02 21.13 23.50 3.95 2.09 2.21 1.67
Roof replacement 13,598 8,848 12,903 5,463 23.82 17.26 20.51 19.97 2.49 1.64 1.85 1.76
Exterior wall replacement 2,005 1,696 2,873 1,570 26.18 17.24 19.56 20.43 2.20 1.58 1.99 1.95
Interior wall reconfiguration 12,953 8,393 13,656 8,348 25.82 17.44 20.42 20.65 2.58 1.61 1.99 1.96
Window replacement 7,436 3,979 7,475 3,758 25.48 16.57 20.52 19.36 2.18 1.31 1.98 1.83
HVAC equipment upgrade 17,132 10,009 17,039 9,117 24.71 17.29 20.56 20.54 2.64 1.53 1.82 2.07
Lighting upgrade 14,813 9,633 16,446 9,132 24.35 16.89 20.32 20.22 2.46 1.58 1.86 2.00
Electrical upgrade 10,553 6,239 10,478 5,821 25.19 16.73 20.50 19.08 2.66 1.56 1.91 2.15
Plumbing system upgrade 9,028 5,534 8,687 5,297 24.77 17.21 20.16 18.94 2.67 1.61 1.88 2.23
Insulation upgrade 4,229 3,381 4,646 2,987 23.85 17.41 19.43 18.60 2.42 1.54 1.97 2.29
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 11,588 6,592 11,039 5,806 25.08 16.90 20.05 20.57 2.52 1.73 1.88 2.00
Structural upgrade 1,557 1,429 2,695 2,577 26.90 17.58 18.87 18.14 2.13 1.61 2.24 2.36
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No renovations 10,357 10,404 23,432 15,418 23.39 18.02 21.53 25.31 1.93 1.33 1.45 1.58
Buildings constructed 2008 or later 1,707 1,535 4,567 Q 24.09 15.08 22.73 22.78 1.89 1.54 1.69 2.24
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                       
Electricity 34,917 27,379 54,780 31,983 23.93 17.49 21.35 23.31 2.28 1.48 1.66 1.78
Natural gas 25,958 22,937 35,494 25,276 22.13 16.73 19.46 21.49 2.35 1.53 1.78 1.99
Fuel oil 15,850 7,572 15,906 8,026 25.51 16.86 20.50 20.84 2.61 1.92 2.26 2.56
District heat 7,626 2,029 5,026 2,646 26.84 17.69 19.48 17.50 3.85 2.24 2.29 2.99
District chilled water 4,046 1,293 5,102 2,284 21.49 17.59 19.14 16.66 5.09 2.21 2.06 3.05
Propane 3,604 2,549 4,194 2,831 27.04 18.68 22.20 22.76 2.06 1.34 1.63 1.91
Other 1,913 931 1,781 1,827 21.86 19.42 23.26 20.49 1.76 1.17 1.96 1.77
Space-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                       
Electricity 16,438 13,180 38,609 18,123 24.52 17.88 22.41 23.61 2.26 1.53 1.71 1.72
Natural gas 20,071 21,095 25,059 19,719 21.39 16.58 19.01 21.50 2.15 1.50 1.62 1.84
Fuel oil 5,651 1,223 1,419 Q 25.88 18.45 22.07 Q 1.98 1.83 1.86 Q
District heat 7,626 2,029 4,972 2,606 26.84 17.69 19.47 17.41 3.85 2.24 2.29 3.00
Propane 943 1,027 1,085 549 27.11 21.61 21.40 30.04 1.44 1.02 1.17 1.13
Other 203 Q Q Q 31.17 20.74 Q 24.90 0.98 1.03 Q 0.89
Primary space-heating
energy source
                       
Electricity 4,684 4,367 26,130 9,826 27.91 21.33 23.64 26.73 2.14 1.46 1.73 1.66
Natural gas 17,788 19,608 19,591 17,286 21.15 16.44 18.75 21.81 2.13 1.50 1.59 1.87
Fuel oil 3,919 Q 515 Q 27.76 Q 24.66 Q 1.97 Q 1.72 Q
District heat 7,577 1,953 4,920 2,606 26.94 17.69 19.45 17.41 3.88 2.26 2.33 3.00
Propane 379 543 566 176 35.51 23.41 24.05 31.78 1.01 0.75 0.92 0.75
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 25.43 Q Q Q 0.84
Cooling energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                       
Electricity 30,489 25,967 50,808 29,054 24.31 17.46 21.53 23.81 2.29 1.54 1.70 1.82
Natural gas 804 Q Q Q 18.71 Q Q Q 2.64 Q Q Q
District chilled water 4,046 1,293 5,102 2,284 21.49 17.59 19.14 16.66 5.09 2.21 2.06 3.05
Water-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                       
Electricity 14,322 11,529 31,705 14,868 26.25 18.94 23.34 25.25 2.18 1.45 1.63 1.69
Natural gas 18,423 16,919 23,536 18,629 20.76 16.16 18.90 21.94 2.45 1.59 1.92 2.04
Fuel oil 3,242 Q Q Q 26.39 Q Q Q 2.31 Q Q Q
District heat 6,289 1,784 3,741 1,940 26.15 17.19 19.71 16.40 3.83 2.33 2.39 3.37
Propane 604 403 993 562 31.31 22.81 24.98 55.66 1.55 1.03 1.86 2.16
Cooking energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                       
Electricity 11,563 10,387 19,856 10,500 24.23 16.82 21.22 21.84 2.47 1.69 2.02 2.33
Natural gas 14,479 10,138 19,452 13,943 21.19 15.78 19.11 20.78 2.70 1.80 2.27 2.68
Propane 2,069 505 1,187 751 27.77 21.50 25.30 34.16 2.65 1.54 1.79 3.26
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)
                       
Buildings with space heating 34,520 27,191 51,760 30,134 23.85 17.43 21.13 22.73 2.29 1.51 1.70 1.83
Buildings with cooling 33,503 26,565 54,100 30,600 23.90 17.45 21.30 23.36 2.40 1.55 1.70 1.86
Buildings with water heating 34,325 26,811 52,765 30,736 23.84 17.39 21.21 23.13 2.35 1.52 1.74 1.86
Buildings with cooking 21,012 14,617 30,012 17,853 22.92 16.48 20.63 21.74 2.57 1.68 2.09 2.46
Buildings with manufacturing 2,274 1,322 2,698 1,598 23.06 19.26 19.97 27.49 2.15 1.13 1.58 1.40
Buildings with electricity
generation
16,878 9,161 20,738 11,115 23.41 16.64 20.69 21.02 2.71 1.71 2.21 2.37
Percent of floorspace heated                        
Not heated Q 189 3,019 1,849 32.71 31.43 25.82 40.10 Q 0.22 0.80 0.98
1 to 50 1,446 1,126 4,322 4,678 27.11 20.64 23.45 26.65 1.28 0.86 1.09 1.26
51 to 99 7,052 3,302 11,049 6,955 25.39 16.90 20.25 24.90 2.45 1.47 1.78 2.09
100 26,021 22,763 36,390 18,502 23.31 17.38 21.16 21.24 2.36 1.57 1.79 1.96
Percent of floorspace cooled                        
Not cooled 1,415 814 680 1,383 24.62 18.77 25.35 22.41 0.89 0.46 0.27 0.73
1 to 50 4,719 5,485 5,314 4,880 20.82 17.10 22.20 24.14 1.33 1.16 0.86 1.11
51 to 99 14,145 7,802 15,319 9,254 24.77 17.09 20.75 24.52 2.78 1.66 1.81 2.06
100 14,638 13,279 33,467 16,466 24.22 17.82 21.43 22.54 2.76 1.72 1.96 2.17
Percent lit when open                        
Zero Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 2,355 3,367 5,306 2,864 21.69 18.13 22.59 25.29 1.12 1.17 1.12 0.99
51 to 99 14,670 12,565 22,914 13,611 24.25 16.82 20.72 23.03 2.33 1.58 1.72 1.86
100 17,772 11,282 26,400 15,338 23.98 18.05 21.63 23.33 2.66 1.55 1.83 2.08
Building never open/electricity
not used
Q 156 92 142 Q 20.27 29.36 15.06 Q 0.20 0.05 0.21
Percent lit during off hours                        
Zero 6,128 5,756 10,095 8,454 25.54 18.30 23.09 28.02 1.58 1.03 1.11 1.37
1 to 50 20,582 18,231 35,614 17,571 23.65 17.38 21.51 22.80 2.21 1.59 1.76 1.79
51 to 100 6,790 2,020 6,219 4,893 22.80 15.31 18.82 19.01 3.77 2.12 2.42 3.05
Building always open with
no "off hours"
1,417 1,373 2,851 1,064 27.65 19.56 19.96 25.36 4.51 2.50 2.46 2.52
Electricity not used N N N N N N N N N N N N
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)
                       
Heat pumps 3,172 1,617 11,467 4,132 23.56 18.06 23.48 22.16 2.27 1.51 1.66 1.68
Furnaces 2,229 3,254 4,764 2,370 24.21 17.45 20.83 21.90 1.79 1.30 1.42 1.54
Individual space heaters 10,617 7,527 9,543 5,335 25.04 17.15 21.05 20.89 2.16 1.31 1.46 1.48
District heat 7,626 2,029 4,972 2,606 26.84 17.69 19.47 17.41 3.85 2.24 2.29 3.00
Boilers 14,024 10,391 11,036 7,952 21.48 16.10 19.01 20.76 2.18 1.56 1.91 2.24
Packaged heating units 15,823 16,609 34,215 20,199 23.78 17.46 21.30 23.50 2.20 1.52 1.71 1.83
Other Q 688 1,548 693 Q 17.67 23.54 18.05 Q 1.86 2.82 2.04
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)
                       
Residential-type central air
conditioners
3,836 5,480 8,640 5,207 22.74 17.85 22.25 23.44 2.26 1.26 1.47 1.84
Heat pumps 3,161 1,643 11,930 4,587 23.18 18.22 23.25 23.00 2.12 1.60 1.68 1.57
Individual air conditioners 8,437 3,973 6,387 2,755 22.79 17.30 21.54 23.63 2.19 1.54 1.50 1.59
District chilled water 4,046 1,293 5,102 2,284 21.49 17.59 19.14 16.66 5.09 2.21 2.06 3.05
Central chillers 10,124 8,049 13,508 6,392 25.10 16.46 19.96 22.54 2.90 1.80 2.09 2.44
Packaged air conditioning units 20,561 15,779 30,543 17,999 24.49 17.19 21.03 23.62 2.36 1.61 1.78 1.90
Swamp coolers Q Q 845 2,384 Q Q 22.32 20.13 Q Q 1.80 1.78
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Main equipment replaced since
1990 (more than one may apply)
                       
Heating 10,893 9,887 16,448 8,316 23.95 17.71 20.65 23.47 2.03 1.44 1.64 1.58
Cooling 14,667 10,663 19,529 9,369 25.33 17.14 21.04 23.94 2.32 1.48 1.67 1.70
Water-heating equipment                        
Centralized system 21,778 17,713 31,193 17,482 23.35 17.29 20.76 23.29 2.39 1.57 1.79 1.82
Distributed system 4,487 2,943 6,983 4,943 25.03 17.87 23.83 25.32 1.88 1.26 1.41 1.63
Combination of centralized and
distributed system
8,060 6,155 14,589 8,311 24.56 17.48 21.08 21.69 2.58 1.56 1.86 2.15
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)
                       
Incandescent 18,504 14,965 25,547 13,856 23.68 16.99 20.61 21.70 2.45 1.66 1.75 1.92
Standard fluorescent 33,841 26,555 52,482 30,366 23.89 17.41 21.30 23.24 2.34 1.52 1.67 1.81
Compact fluorescent 27,281 19,596 37,395 22,279 23.58 17.21 20.82 22.22 2.53 1.65 1.87 2.00
High-intensity discharge (HID) 11,620 9,446 16,170 8,123 23.09 17.20 21.33 21.61 2.58 1.76 1.73 1.94
Halogen 12,510 10,716 21,298 11,799 24.90 16.91 20.94 21.79 2.37 1.74 1.94 2.09
LED 13,782 9,172 16,463 10,109 24.31 17.13 20.73 21.67 2.90 1.78 2.18 2.19
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)
                       
Any refrigeration 32,390 25,598 50,508 28,573 23.68 17.47 21.07 23.02 2.38 1.54 1.76 1.94
Walk-in units 18,443 12,272 25,895 14,686 22.70 16.59 20.25 21.14 3.14 1.94 2.40 2.73
Cases or cabinets 18,176 12,889 23,097 14,698 23.22 17.34 20.88 21.51 3.00 1.89 2.22 2.69
Large cold storage areas 2,103 1,786 4,296 2,551 22.69 17.37 20.78 20.01 3.70 1.84 2.53 2.74
Commercial ice makers 17,584 13,369 29,748 15,147 23.36 16.66 20.56 20.77 3.16 2.03 2.05 2.50
Residential-type or compact units 26,692 21,418 38,946 22,480 23.56 17.33 21.12 23.18 2.33 1.50 1.61 1.80
Vending machines 21,930 16,104 32,146 16,846 23.63 17.24 20.89 21.68 2.60 1.66 1.82 2.06
No refrigeration 2,527 1,781 4,271 3,410 27.63 17.70 25.21 26.13 1.31 0.76 0.77 0.93
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)
                       
Desktop computers 33,110 25,974 51,408 30,151 23.77 17.41 21.31 23.39 2.35 1.54 1.73 1.84
With flat screen monitors 32,902 25,740 50,780 29,902 23.83 17.40 21.32 23.33 2.36 1.55 1.73 1.84
With multiple monitors 15,056 10,854 22,226 14,360 24.83 17.05 20.99 22.44 2.85 1.69 1.84 2.01
Laptop computers 28,574 21,473 42,208 23,783 23.93 17.32 21.21 22.81 2.43 1.55 1.69 1.84
Dedicated servers 25,221 18,192 36,651 22,324 24.28 17.41 21.27 22.84 2.50 1.61 1.78 1.95
Laser printers 25,076 18,907 37,028 20,931 23.63 17.18 21.35 23.27 2.43 1.56 1.81 1.85
Inkjet printers 14,432 11,365 23,087 14,316 24.94 17.58 21.35 23.99 2.20 1.48 1.61 1.86
FAX machines 29,878 22,411 45,085 24,914 23.97 17.48 21.34 23.40 2.35 1.55 1.75 1.82
Photocopiers 28,038 20,013 38,203 22,731 23.79 17.37 21.44 22.81 2.41 1.53 1.73 1.82
Number of desktop computers                        
None 1,807 1,405 3,371 1,832 27.08 19.06 21.91 22.20 1.27 0.68 0.73 0.93
1 to 4 4,491 4,882 10,190 5,719 24.85 18.39 20.19 24.49 1.83 1.36 1.62 1.70
5 to 9 2,652 3,150 6,404 3,443 23.11 16.06 22.32 24.57 1.90 1.49 1.82 1.45
10 to 19 3,590 2,617 5,333 3,967 23.78 17.86 23.66 25.90 2.18 1.43 1.51 1.66
20 to 49 4,835 4,430 9,476 5,023 21.20 17.91 21.89 23.64 2.08 1.71 1.77 1.78
50 to 99 2,843 3,063 4,778 3,302 22.32 18.41 21.98 24.57 2.08 1.54 1.47 1.95
100 to 249 6,420 3,322 6,030 3,988 23.66 16.83 20.86 19.63 2.79 1.51 1.78 2.18
250 or more 8,280 4,510 9,197 4,710 25.92 16.54 20.15 22.15 3.15 1.76 2.10 2.45
Number of laptop computers                        
None 6,343 5,906 12,572 8,200 23.89 18.14 21.81 24.90 1.69 1.18 1.34 1.50
1 to 4 6,528 6,916 12,053 7,060 23.93 17.95 21.12 24.55 1.95 1.37 1.49 1.51
5 to 9 3,913 2,524 5,673 2,787 21.97 17.24 22.30 23.50 2.78 1.71 1.59 1.47
10 to 19 3,160 2,263 5,737 4,292 21.97 18.18 21.90 22.79 2.11 1.54 1.69 2.16
20 to 49 3,800 3,459 6,469 4,912 24.28 16.59 21.36 20.53 2.58 1.58 1.71 2.25
50 to 99 2,796 2,293 3,573 2,031 23.96 17.42 20.29 24.87 2.30 1.75 1.96 2.32
100 to 249 3,663 1,595 4,025 1,350 24.24 16.16 19.13 20.83 2.59 1.56 1.91 2.01
250 or more 4,715 2,423 4,677 1,350 26.96 16.69 21.94 21.71 3.33 1.77 2.17 2.26
Number of dedicated servers                        
None 9,697 9,187 18,128 9,659 23.05 17.65 21.49 24.48 1.78 1.20 1.32 1.40
1 to 4 12,981 10,962 22,304 12,310 23.35 17.83 21.82 23.44 2.10 1.52 1.65 1.71
5 to 9 2,592 2,550 3,699 2,852 22.04 17.90 20.84 22.45 2.37 1.78 1.66 1.92
10 to 19 3,926 1,590 4,297 3,273 25.66 16.76 22.11 21.71 3.51 1.58 1.85 2.59
20 to 49 1,786 1,695 3,060 1,532 28.82 15.84 19.24 22.39 2.59 1.73 2.34 1.97
50 or more 3,936 1,395 3,290 2,356 26.18 16.23 19.41 22.27 3.95 2.15 2.73 3.30
Number of photocopiers                        
None 6,879 7,366 16,577 9,252 24.51 17.82 21.13 24.65 1.77 1.26 1.36 1.57
One 4,817 5,447 9,162 6,193 23.16 17.26 21.78 24.04 1.85 1.38 1.49 1.41
2 to 4 6,976 6,678 13,408 7,143 21.80 17.71 22.53 23.49 1.95 1.46 1.66 1.75
5 to 9 5,104 3,313 5,187 2,966 22.36 17.52 21.56 23.49 2.62 1.53 1.62 1.92
10 or more 11,141 4,575 10,447 6,429 26.37 16.91 19.88 20.82 3.16 1.94 2.22 2.64
Number of TVs or video displays                        
None 6,209 5,399 9,394 6,734 23.97 18.77 23.38 25.35 1.53 1.06 0.99 1.18
One 2,765 2,923 5,896 3,092 22.69 17.86 20.77 24.21 1.95 1.28 1.38 1.54
2 to 4 5,937 6,064 11,378 5,230 23.68 17.83 22.54 24.31 2.03 1.50 1.80 1.65
5 to 9 4,894 2,233 5,953 3,935 24.95 17.05 20.65 24.39 2.68 1.54 1.88 2.30
10 to 19 4,943 3,509 5,636 2,901 22.39 17.58 22.01 21.74 2.75 1.85 1.85 2.04
20 to 49 3,551 2,431 6,306 3,735 24.68 17.66 22.92 23.31 2.46 1.46 1.98 2.12
50 to 99 1,504 1,557 3,844 2,061 31.19 16.57 19.16 23.21 3.94 1.68 1.89 2.00
100 or more 5,113 3,263 6,372 4,296 23.38 15.38 17.91 19.55 3.04 2.12 2.30 2.77
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)
                       
Snack bar or concession stand 5,277 3,906 8,255 5,230 23.28 16.31 20.91 20.84 2.74 1.73 2.19 2.70
Fast food or small restaurant 5,271 3,861 9,846 6,411 24.01 17.01 21.14 21.82 3.01 2.18 2.59 2.60
Cafeteria or large restaurant 9,717 5,421 11,116 5,847 22.35 15.71 20.11 20.05 2.71 1.57 1.87 2.62
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area
9,009 6,400 12,418 7,291 21.24 15.60 20.52 20.32 2.77 1.62 2.04 2.56
Small kitchen area 6,394 4,712 8,668 4,901 23.30 16.48 21.72 21.50 2.06 1.38 1.69 2.03
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)
                       
Data center or server farm 8,354 4,798 8,449 6,818 26.39 16.79 19.93 20.69 3.51 1.93 2.18 2.88
Computer-based training room 7,991 6,713 13,382 6,983 24.24 16.82 21.00 21.13 2.39 1.70 1.88 2.11
Student or public computer center 5,357 4,501 10,127 4,664 21.51 15.60 20.52 19.12 1.98 1.35 1.69 2.03
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)
                       
Economizer cycle 18,929 13,346 18,194 14,473 23.37 17.10 20.66 21.56 2.74 1.69 2.01 2.11
Regular HVAC maintenance 31,704 24,112 48,123 27,793 23.90 17.21 21.26 22.94 2.44 1.59 1.81 1.91
Building automation system (BAS)2 18,998 13,979 28,291 17,036 24.30 17.34 20.94 22.11 2.74 1.75 1.94 2.26
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)
                       
Multipaned windows 26,342 23,177 39,409 20,216 24.07 17.38 20.97 21.44 2.30 1.52 1.75 1.83
Tinted window glass 16,385 14,754 32,566 19,703 22.92 17.26 21.09 22.93 2.60 1.63 1.72 1.85
Reflective window glass 6,662 6,754 11,674 9,237 24.18 17.29 20.76 21.79 2.84 1.77 2.14 2.15
External overhangs or awnings 12,223 11,032 26,075 15,084 22.77 17.20 21.43 21.74 2.85 1.70 1.88 2.00
Skylights or atriums 10,257 6,146 14,564 10,053 22.62 16.55 20.63 20.96 2.53 1.50 1.80 1.67
Light scheduling 16,000 11,299 20,844 15,227 24.79 17.24 21.72 22.74 2.74 1.70 1.94 2.16
Occupancy sensors 19,764 13,021 23,819 16,074 24.13 17.08 21.10 22.19 2.56 1.64 2.00 1.94
Multi-level lighting or dimming 6,908 5,813 11,576 8,613 23.89 16.52 20.86 20.40 2.96 1.83 2.13 2.39
Daylight harvesting 3,061 2,735 3,644 3,596 23.18 17.92 21.68 21.61 2.97 1.80 1.83 2.30
Demand responsive lighting 1,513 1,599 3,669 2,854 24.45 18.38 23.56 27.11 2.34 1.75 2.17 1.92
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting2 6,195 4,480 9,148 6,747 23.20 17.81 23.14 23.52 2.87 1.83 2.03 2.29
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)
                       
Heating 27,106 20,535 37,368 23,431 24.03 17.36 21.67 23.74 2.21 1.45 1.60 1.74
Cooling 26,151 19,934 39,233 23,560 23.77 17.50 21.82 24.28 2.28 1.48 1.60 1.79
Lighting 32,127 25,370 50,260 29,677 23.84 17.38 21.45 23.26 2.25 1.47 1.65 1.80
   
1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
Notes: • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See the
Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ • Statistics for the Energy end uses category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. • HVAC = Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-871A, C, D, E, and F of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.