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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Table C22. Electricity consumption and conditional energy intensity by year constructed, 2012

Released: May 2016

Total electricity
consumption
(billion kWh)
Total floorspace of
buildings using electricity
(million square feet)
Electricity
energy intensity
(kWh/square foot)
  1959 or
before
1960 to
1989
1990 to
2012
1959 or
before
1960 to
1989
1990 to
2012
1959 or
before
1960 to
1989
1990 to
2012
All buildings 181 551 510 16,874 35,545 32,449 10.7 15.5 15.7
Building floorspace (square feet)                  
1,001 to 5,000 26 52 52 2,154 2,814 2,524 12.2 18.4 20.8
5,001 to 10,000 19 53 41 1,858 3,745 2,886 10.4 14.1 14.3
10,001 to 25,000 28 72 59 3,102 5,844 4,620 9.0 12.3 12.8
25,001 to 50,000 17 80 52 2,205 5,227 4,240 7.9 15.3 12.2
50,001 to 100,000 24 70 98 2,336 5,052 6,217 10.3 13.8 15.8
100,001 to 200,000 21 75 94 2,089 4,639 5,634 9.9 16.2 16.7
200,001 to 500,000 24 86 71 1,795 5,135 3,722 13.5 16.7 19.0
Over 500,000 21 65 44 1,338 3,089 2,606 15.8 21.0 16.7
Principal building activity                  
Education 24 53 57 2,829 4,625 4,784 8.4 11.5 11.9
Food sales Q 23 31 Q 485 609 Q 47.9 51.7
Food service 16 33 33 501 716 603 31.1 46.1 55.0
Health care 11 47 49 553 1,846 1,757 19.9 25.6 27.8
Inpatient 8 35 31 307 1,161 906 25.8 30.2 33.8
Outpatient 3 12 18 246 685 851 12.5 17.7 21.4
Lodging 10 41 38 738 2,768 2,319 13.4 14.8 16.5
Mercantile 16 90 100 1,296 4,877 5,147 12.4 18.5 19.5
Retail (other than mall) 9 24 50 935 1,689 2,807 9.5 13.9 17.8
Enclosed and strip malls 7 67 50 361 3,189 2,340 20.0 21.0 21.5
Office 49 132 73 3,760 7,521 4,671 12.9 17.5 15.6
Public assembly 16 32 32 1,541 2,051 1,968 10.7 15.7 16.2
Public order and safety Q 8 10 Q 503 671 Q 16.2 14.5
Religious worship 5 9 9 1,316 1,629 1,613 3.8 5.8 5.7
Service 7 17 14 1,001 1,999 1,512 6.7 8.3 9.3
Warehouse and storage 11 34 39 1,825 5,012 5,731 6.0 6.7 6.7
Other 6 27 23 511 774 686 11.7 34.5 33.8
Vacant 1 4 2 581 740 378 2.5 5.9 5.0
Census region and division                  
Northeast 51 93 77 5,088 5,841 4,362 10.0 15.9 17.6
New England 12 21 18 1,426 1,507 1,259 8.4 13.7 14.2
Middle Atlantic 39 72 59 3,662 4,334 3,103 10.6 16.7 18.9
Midwest 42 113 94 4,340 7,792 6,428 9.7 14.5 14.7
East North Central 31 76 68 3,088 4,935 4,520 9.9 15.5 14.9
West North Central 12 36 27 1,252 2,857 1,907 9.3 12.7 14.1
South 60 240 230 4,879 13,676 14,470 12.2 17.6 15.9
South Atlantic 30 121 135 2,499 6,881 8,228 12.2 17.6 16.4
East South Central 11 34 26 746 2,176 1,902 14.3 15.8 13.5
West South Central 18 85 70 1,635 4,620 4,340 11.3 18.3 16.1
West 29 105 109 2,567 8,236 7,189 11.1 12.8 15.2
Mountain 5 28 35 548 2,076 2,189 8.9 13.3 15.8
Pacific 24 78 75 2,019 6,160 5,000 11.8 12.6 14.9
Climate region1                  
Very cold/Cold 76 174 170 7,748 12,427 11,111 9.7 14.0 15.3
Mixed-humid 65 182 169 5,796 10,839 10,787 11.2 16.8 15.6
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 19 68 66 1,718 5,392 4,633 10.8 12.6 14.3
Hot-humid 19 112 89 1,214 5,637 5,151 15.7 19.9 17.4
Marine 3 16 16 398 1,250 768 8.1 13.0 20.5
Number of floors                  
One 51 235 259 4,986 16,099 16,968 10.2 14.6 15.3
Two 35 126 98 3,517 9,227 7,184 9.9 13.7 13.6
Three 26 46 38 2,759 2,757 2,585 9.3 16.8 14.5
Four to nine 52 89 90 4,409 4,582 4,426 11.8 19.4 20.3
Ten or more 18 55 25 1,203 2,879 1,286 14.8 19.0 19.8
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any elevators 86 235 218 6,991 12,835 12,116 12.3 18.3 18.0
Number of elevators                  
One 27 57 63 2,918 3,781 4,422 9.1 15.1 14.3
Two to five 31 97 95 2,485 5,194 5,033 12.4 18.6 18.9
Six or more 28 82 60 1,589 3,860 2,660 17.7 21.1 22.6
Any escalators 15 30 21 866 1,660 1,115 17.6 18.1 18.8
Number of workers (main shift)                  
Fewer than 5 31 58 44 4,713 5,996 4,821 6.5 9.7 9.2
5 to 9 17 50 45 1,844 3,800 3,326 9.3 13.1 13.4
10 to 19 20 54 59 1,598 4,158 3,866 12.2 13.0 15.2
20 to 49 25 104 91 2,109 6,493 5,912 11.9 16.0 15.4
50 to 99 29 85 100 2,766 5,152 5,558 10.6 16.4 18.0
100 to 249 21 76 88 1,624 4,308 5,010 13.0 17.7 17.6
250 or more 38 124 84 2,221 5,638 3,956 17.2 22.0 21.2
Weekly operating hours                  
Fewer than 40 9 15 11 2,267 2,413 1,868 4.0 6.2 5.9
40 to 48 36 69 49 4,201 6,203 5,332 8.7 11.1 9.2
49 to 60 36 106 96 3,647 9,110 7,668 9.8 11.7 12.6
61 to 84 28 121 100 2,631 7,049 6,120 10.6 17.2 16.4
85 to 167 29 69 102 1,627 3,238 4,499 17.7 21.4 22.7
Open continuously 43 171 152 2,501 7,532 6,961 17.3 22.7 21.8
Ownership and occupancy                  
Nongovernment owned 129 443 416 12,014 27,842 25,764 10.8 15.9 16.1
Owner occupied 67 183 206 6,268 11,374 12,679 10.7 16.1 16.2
Leased to tenant(s) 47 188 164 3,820 11,996 9,993 12.2 15.6 16.4
Owner occupied and leased 15 71 46 1,682 4,236 2,903 9.1 16.8 15.9
Unoccupied 0 Q Q 245 237 Q 1.4 2.9 Q
Government owned 52 109 94 4,860 7,703 6,685 10.7 14.1 14.1
Federal 8 7 9 624 436 513 12.0 15.3 16.6
State 18 38 25 1,440 2,451 1,631 12.2 15.5 15.5
Local 27 64 61 2,795 4,816 4,541 9.6 13.4 13.3
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems
                 
Building owner 159 454 417 15,176 29,392 27,095 10.5 15.4 15.4
Business owner or tenant 18 81 82 1,458 5,191 4,485 12.6 15.6 18.3
Property management Q 11 5 Q 652 499 Q 17.3 10.5
Other Q 5 6 Q 310 370 Q 17.4 17.0
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases
                 
Building owner 161 472 428 15,390 30,852 27,905 10.5 15.3 15.3
Business owner or tenant 16 62 65 1,129 3,526 3,506 14.1 17.5 18.4
Property management Q 6 4 Q 472 317 Q 12.3 13.4
Other 2 12 14 264 695 722 7.8 16.7 19.2
Number of establishments                  
One 117 327 333 10,982 21,621 21,881 10.6 15.1 15.2
2 to 5 41 105 103 4,016 7,196 6,545 10.1 14.6 15.8
6 to 10 10 36 25 708 2,180 1,425 13.7 16.5 17.3
11 to 20 4 33 32 294 1,816 1,565 13.6 18.0 20.3
More than 20 10 50 17 550 2,401 844 17.7 20.8 19.7
Currently unoccupied 0 1 Q 325 331 Q 1.2 2.4 Q
Predominant exterior wall material                  
Brick, stone, or stucco 118 262 216 10,871 15,508 13,231 10.9 16.9 16.3
Concrete (block or poured) 40 160 122 3,462 9,851 7,091 11.6 16.2 17.3
Concrete panels 4 46 70 323 3,547 4,578 13.4 13.0 15.3
Siding or shingles 12 27 32 1,490 1,971 2,103 7.9 13.8 15.3
Metal panels Q 34 41 374 3,559 4,121 10.0 9.6 10.0
Window glass Q 14 16 Q 641 642 Q 22.5 24.3
Other Q 4 8 Q 264 411 Q 16.8 20.1
No one major type Q Q 4 Q Q 272 Q Q 15.9
Predominant roof material                  
Metal surfacing 17 58 94 1,885 4,923 8,216 9.1 11.7 11.4
Synthetic or rubber 58 174 190 5,239 10,511 9,864 11.0 16.5 19.3
Built-up 45 181 111 3,886 10,690 6,730 11.7 16.9 16.4
Slate or tile shingles 18 21 20 1,571 1,416 1,235 11.3 14.5 16.4
Wooden materials (including
shingles)
3 6 5 211 524 370 12.5 12.1 13.2
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles
35 88 74 3,423 6,129 5,127 10.2 14.3 14.4
Concrete 3 14 13 292 686 605 9.8 21.1 20.8
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type Q 3 Q Q 321 Q Q 8.1 Q
Roof characteristics                  
Roof tilt                  
Flat 115 398 286 9,546 23,107 16,092 12.1 17.2 17.8
Shallow pitch 35 105 158 3,700 8,556 10,763 9.5 12.2 14.7
Steeper pitch 31 49 65 3,629 3,881 5,594 8.5 12.6 11.7
Cool roof 36 136 152 2,866 7,912 8,601 12.6 17.2 17.7
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any type of renovation 128 359 161 11,303 21,563 9,046 11.4 16.6 17.8
Addition or annex 43 98 64 2,996 6,369 3,604 14.2 15.3 17.8
Reduction in floorspace 7 24 5 370 1,122 242 19.0 21.3 19.4
Roof replacement 70 203 57 5,818 11,878 3,070 12.0 17.1 18.4
Exterior wall replacement 19 34 18 1,444 1,886 891 12.9 18.0 19.8
Interior wall reconfiguration 74 195 88 5,648 11,022 4,580 13.1 17.7 19.2
Window replacement 55 95 25 5,001 5,800 1,450 11.1 16.4 17.5
HVAC equipment upgrade 94 248 91 7,466 14,502 4,681 12.6 17.1 19.4
Lighting upgrade 86 233 91 7,222 13,482 4,710 12.0 17.3 19.2
Electrical upgrade 74 137 53 5,699 7,712 2,677 13.0 17.8 19.9
Plumbing system upgrade 55 117 50 4,553 6,604 2,650 12.0 17.7 19.1
Insulation upgrade 30 67 29 2,325 3,554 1,674 12.8 18.8 17.4
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 65 160 57 5,027 9,177 2,959 13.0 17.4 19.3
Structural upgrade 14 34 20 1,061 1,737 1,113 13.5 19.6 18.4
Other Q 8 Q Q 484 Q Q 17.2 Q
No renovations 53 193 260 5,572 13,982 17,750 9.5 13.8 14.7
Buildings constructed 2008 or later N N 89 N N 5,653 N N 15.7
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 181 551 510 16,874 35,545 32,449 10.7 15.5 15.7
Natural gas 130 407 366 11,504 25,420 21,801 11.3 16.0 16.8
Fuel oil 54 174 154 4,076 8,826 7,298 13.1 19.7 21.2
District heat 26 47 31 1,874 2,380 1,710 13.7 19.6 18.1
District chilled water 12 42 31 804 2,044 1,759 15.0 20.6 17.8
Propane 12 44 54 1,095 3,015 3,576 11.2 14.5 15.2
Other 10 22 17 855 1,581 1,366 11.7 14.2 12.7
Space-heating energy sources                  
Electricity 102 349 324 8,447 20,696 19,888 12.0 16.8 16.3
Electricity main 42 205 192 3,200 11,143 11,862 13.2 18.4 16.2
Electricity secondary 59 143 132 5,247 9,553 8,026 11.3 15.0 16.5
Other excluding electricity 72 184 168 7,543 12,803 10,676 9.6 14.4 15.7
Buildings without heating 7 19 19 884 2,046 1,885 8.4 9.4 9.9
Primary space-heating
energy source
                 
Electricity 42 205 192 3,200 11,143 11,862 13.2 18.4 16.2
Natural gas 95 264 252 9,209 18,153 15,625 10.3 14.5 16.2
Fuel oil 9 8 7 1,248 797 497 6.9 10.0 14.4
District heat 25 46 29 1,850 2,365 1,582 13.7 19.6 18.6
Propane 2 6 10 345 704 898 5.4 8.0 11.5
Other Q 3 Q Q 336 Q Q 9.3 Q
Cooling energy sources                  
Electricity 169 514 476 14,558 32,233 29,243 11.6 16.0 16.3
Other excluding electricity 5 27 24 423 1,443 1,394 12.3 18.9 17.2
Buildings without cooling 7 10 10 1,893 1,870 1,812 3.8 5.3 5.7
Water-heating energy sources                  
Electricity 77 297 276 7,044 18,122 17,589 10.9 16.4 15.7
Other excluding electricity 96 243 221 8,069 15,566 12,626 11.9 15.6 17.5
Buildings without water heating 8 11 14 1,762 1,857 2,234 4.6 6.2 6.2
Cooking energy sources                  
Electricity 61 195 198 4,764 10,195 10,192 12.8 19.1 19.4
Other excluding electricity 37 112 97 2,850 5,831 4,714 13.1 19.3 20.6
Buildings without cooking 83 244 215 9,260 19,519 17,543 8.9 12.5 12.3
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)
                 
Buildings with space heating 174 532 492 15,990 33,499 30,564 10.9 15.9 16.1
Buildings with cooling 174 541 500 14,981 33,675 30,637 11.6 16.1 16.3
Buildings with water heating 173 540 496 15,112 33,688 30,215 11.5 16.0 16.4
Buildings with cooking 98 307 295 7,614 16,026 14,906 12.9 19.2 19.8
Buildings with manufacturing 9 38 20 1,246 2,294 1,539 7.2 16.5 13.0
Buildings with electricity
generation
53 210 227 3,328 10,918 11,395 15.9 19.2 19.9
Percent of floorspace heated                  
Not heated 7 19 19 884 2,046 1,885 8.4 9.4 9.9
1 to 50 15 39 44 2,124 4,564 3,427 7.0 8.6 12.9
51 to 99 35 108 91 3,449 5,872 5,324 10.1 18.4 17.1
100 124 385 357 10,417 23,062 21,813 11.9 16.7 16.4
Percent of floorspace cooled                  
Not cooled 7 10 10 1,893 1,870 1,812 3.8 5.3 5.7
1 to 50 31 65 57 4,311 8,396 6,184 7.2 7.8 9.2
51 to 99 62 167 152 5,149 9,200 8,378 12.1 18.1 18.2
100 81 310 291 5,521 16,080 16,075 14.6 19.3 18.1
Percent lit when open                  
Zero Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 25 47 41 3,513 4,801 4,315 7.2 9.8 9.6
51 to 99 79 236 211 6,938 15,190 12,687 11.3 15.5 16.6
100 76 267 256 5,907 15,017 14,801 12.9 17.8 17.3
Building never open/electricity
not used
1 1 1 495 487 396 1.6 3.0 2.3
Percent lit during off hours                  
Zero 40 95 97 5,584 9,684 9,478 7.1 9.8 10.2
1 to 50 122 349 313 9,964 21,827 18,962 12.2 16.0 16.5
51 to 100 16 82 67 1,154 3,047 2,725 13.6 26.9 24.7
Building always open with
no "off hours"
Q 25 33 Q 987 1,284 Q 25.6 25.7
Electricity not used N N N N N N N N N
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Heat pumps 25 81 74 2,021 4,880 4,945 12.1 16.7 14.9
Furnaces 18 52 36 1,603 4,277 2,775 11.2 12.2 13.1
Individual space heaters 49 130 93 5,421 8,933 6,397 9.0 14.6 14.5
District heat 25 47 30 1,857 2,378 1,690 13.7 19.6 18.0
Boilers 64 155 131 5,896 9,242 7,300 10.8 16.8 17.9
Packaged heating units 89 337 346 7,683 20,863 20,642 11.5 16.1 16.8
Other Q 16 19 Q 620 752 Q 26.4 25.4
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Residential-type central air
conditioners
32 88 66 3,062 6,623 5,079 10.4 13.4 13.0
Heat pumps 27 85 77 2,204 5,185 5,148 12.2 16.5 14.9
Individual air conditioners 39 77 43 3,978 5,157 3,285 9.9 15.0 13.2
District chilled water 12 42 31 804 2,044 1,759 15.0 20.6 17.8
Central chillers 55 153 121 3,529 7,633 5,879 15.5 20.0 20.6
Packaged air conditioning units 94 323 309 7,815 19,583 17,755 12.0 16.5 17.4
Swamp coolers 5 13 11 360 773 785 12.8 17.2 13.8
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Main equipment replaced since
1990 (more than one may apply)
                 
Heating 91 297 N 8,694 18,863 N 10.5 15.7 N
Cooling 110 335 N 9,732 20,970 N 11.4 16.0 N
Water-heating equipment                  
Centralized system 107 322 299 9,510 19,888 18,136 11.2 16.2 16.5
Distributed system 23 75 60 2,213 5,666 4,809 10.3 13.2 12.6
Combination of centralized and
distributed system
43 143 137 3,390 8,134 7,270 12.8 17.6 18.8
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)
                 
Incandescent 96 296 219 8,536 17,161 12,708 11.3 17.3 17.3
Standard fluorescent 172 540 486 15,612 34,113 30,356 11.0 15.8 16.0
Compact fluorescent 120 392 377 10,400 22,575 20,842 11.5 17.4 18.1
High-intensity discharge (HID) 45 177 160 3,884 10,426 9,086 11.7 17.0 17.6
Halogen 70 198 210 5,184 11,489 11,386 13.4 17.3 18.5
LED 53 182 179 3,578 9,230 9,263 14.9 19.8 19.3
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any refrigeration 161 512 476 14,123 30,838 28,684 11.4 16.6 16.6
Walk-in units 72 271 263 4,362 12,772 11,227 16.6 21.2 23.4
Cases or cabinets 71 254 258 4,627 12,078 12,013 15.4 21.0 21.5
Large cold storage areas 10 39 48 554 1,713 1,904 18.9 22.9 25.3
Commercial ice makers 77 295 281 4,686 13,981 14,067 16.5 21.1 20.0
Residential-type or compact units 130 418 363 11,908 26,467 24,006 10.9 15.8 15.1
Vending machines 93 339 310 6,931 18,916 18,089 13.4 17.9 17.2
No refrigeration 20 39 34 2,751 4,708 3,765 7.2 8.4 9.0
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Desktop computers 168 521 488 14,509 32,652 29,902 11.6 16.0 16.3
With flat screen monitors 167 513 485 14,222 32,261 29,677 11.7 15.9 16.4
With multiple monitors 68 236 219 4,825 13,279 12,842 14.0 17.8 17.1
Laptop computers 140 444 384 11,877 27,542 24,067 11.8 16.1 15.9
Dedicated servers 113 390 365 9,080 23,038 21,251 12.5 16.9 17.2
Laser printers 122 372 362 9,908 22,701 21,646 12.3 16.4 16.7
Inkjet printers 78 238 208 7,215 15,507 13,513 10.8 15.4 15.4
FAX machines 141 463 425 12,128 28,379 26,175 11.7 16.3 16.2
Photocopiers 126 405 377 10,859 25,382 23,036 11.6 16.0 16.4
Number of desktop computers                  
None 13 30 22 2,365 2,893 2,547 5.4 10.5 8.8
1 to 4 41 88 76 4,241 6,160 5,268 9.6 14.3 14.5
5 to 9 18 54 62 1,361 4,235 3,825 12.9 12.8 16.1
10 to 19 12 49 69 1,230 3,728 4,431 9.7 13.0 15.5
20 to 49 21 96 93 1,852 5,630 5,612 11.2 17.1 16.6
50 to 99 22 53 44 1,797 3,397 3,090 12.1 15.7 14.4
100 to 249 21 73 65 1,826 3,948 3,953 11.6 18.5 16.6
250 or more 35 107 78 2,201 5,554 3,723 15.8 19.3 21.0
Number of laptop computers                  
None 41 107 127 4,997 8,003 8,382 8.2 13.4 15.1
1 to 4 42 124 106 4,318 8,926 7,918 9.8 13.9 13.4
5 to 9 13 65 49 1,210 3,945 3,191 10.9 16.4 15.2
10 to 19 17 53 60 1,315 3,424 3,604 13.2 15.5 16.7
20 to 49 24 65 65 1,836 4,121 3,686 13.2 15.8 17.6
50 to 99 15 38 33 1,173 2,109 1,951 12.5 17.9 16.9
100 to 249 10 47 33 858 2,557 1,802 12.1 18.2 18.4
250 or more 18 53 38 1,167 2,459 1,916 15.5 21.6 19.7
Number of dedicated servers                  
None 68 161 145 7,795 12,507 11,198 8.7 12.9 12.9
1 to 4 66 213 218 6,037 14,100 13,960 11.0 15.1 15.6
5 to 9 11 47 43 871 2,894 2,476 12.8 16.3 17.2
10 to 19 14 50 46 972 2,476 2,262 14.2 20.1 20.3
20 to 49 6 36 28 456 1,898 1,404 13.8 18.7 20.2
50 or more 16 45 31 744 1,671 1,148 21.3 27.1 26.8
Number of photocopiers                  
None 55 146 134 6,016 10,163 9,414 9.2 14.4 14.2
One 28 88 98 3,284 7,278 6,518 8.6 12.1 15.0
2 to 4 36 128 129 3,383 8,374 8,555 10.5 15.3 15.0
5 to 9 23 69 53 1,567 3,740 3,556 14.4 18.5 14.8
10 or more 40 120 97 2,625 5,990 4,406 15.1 20.0 22.1
Number of TVs or video displays                  
None 41 98 85 5,432 9,030 7,654 7.5 10.8 11.1
One 17 55 48 2,275 3,965 3,751 7.4 13.9 12.9
2 to 4 38 96 101 3,303 6,650 6,511 11.6 14.4 15.6
5 to 9 25 60 66 1,651 2,895 3,602 15.0 20.7 18.2
10 to 19 17 74 55 1,513 3,931 2,724 11.4 18.9 20.2
20 to 49 14 65 61 1,078 3,618 3,362 12.9 17.9 18.1
50 to 99 11 33 33 723 1,633 2,022 15.5 20.5 16.2
100 or more 18 70 61 900 3,823 2,824 19.8 18.3 21.7
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)
                 
Snack bar or concession stand 24 87 80 1,571 4,371 3,943 15.2 19.8 20.4
Fast food or small restaurant 19 98 107 973 4,522 4,292 19.8 21.7 24.9
Cafeteria or large restaurant 35 124 102 2,763 6,865 5,594 12.6 18.1 18.2
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area
36 133 123 2,882 6,932 6,336 12.5 19.2 19.4
Small kitchen area 37 89 77 3,432 5,626 4,996 10.8 15.8 15.5
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)
                 
Data center or server farm 27 116 96 1,582 5,332 4,192 16.8 21.7 22.9
Computer-based training room 41 121 137 3,192 6,743 7,789 12.9 17.9 17.6
Student or public computer center 30 91 82 2,719 6,200 5,422 11.0 14.7 15.1
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)
                 
Economizer cycle 70 231 238 5,107 12,760 12,881 13.7 18.1 18.5
Regular HVAC maintenance 150 492 467 12,116 29,468 27,660 12.4 16.7 16.9
Building automation system (BAS)2 78 273 318 5,489 14,738 16,823 14.2 18.5 18.9
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)
                 
Multipaned windows 115 387 428 10,323 23,505 25,902 11.1 16.5 16.5
Tinted window glass 76 331 312 6,055 20,075 18,269 12.5 16.5 17.1
Reflective window glass 26 138 137 2,050 6,633 7,154 12.5 20.8 19.1
External overhangs or awnings 67 248 234 4,870 14,329 12,863 13.9 17.3 18.2
Skylights or atriums 41 157 134 3,028 10,446 8,603 13.5 15.0 15.6
Light scheduling 57 223 262 4,203 12,411 13,649 13.5 18.0 19.2
Occupancy sensors 83 255 270 5,917 14,314 15,640 14.1 17.8 17.3
Multi-level lighting or dimming 28 110 135 2,057 5,860 6,617 13.4 18.8 20.4
Daylight harvesting 9 45 54 802 2,393 2,919 11.8 18.9 18.5
Demand responsive lighting 6 38 36 536 2,236 1,966 10.3 17.2 18.2
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting2 22 86 131 1,140 4,512 6,416 19.2 19.0 20.5
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)
                 
Heating 132 386 375 12,595 26,348 24,203 10.4 14.7 15.5
Cooling 133 392 377 11,857 26,347 24,312 11.2 14.9 15.5
Lighting 173 506 458 15,895 33,301 29,398 10.9 15.2 15.6
Annual consumption
(kilowatthours)
                 
10,000 or less 1 1 1 1,062 1,077 945 1.4 1.3 1.3
10,001 to 50,000 15 20 15 3,333 4,152 3,017 4.4 4.8 5.1
50,001 to 100,000 16 26 21 1,904 3,170 2,528 8.2 8.1 8.3
100,001 to 500,000 48 118 117 4,271 8,810 8,231 11.2 13.4 14.2
500,001 to 1,000,000 18 80 67 1,411 4,392 4,247 12.8 18.1 15.8
1,000,001 to 5,000,000 50 154 176 3,210 8,186 9,343 15.5 18.8 18.8
Over 5,000,000 34 153 113 1,683 5,758 4,138 20.2 26.6 27.4
   
1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
Notes: • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See the
Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ • Site electricity is the amount of electricity delivered to commercial builidngs. Primary electricity, which is not included in the Total of major fuelscategory, is site electricity plus the conversion losses in the generation, transmission, and distribution processes. • Statistics for the Energy end uses category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. • HVAC = Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-871A and E of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.