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Table CT8. Electric power sector consumption estimates, 1960-2023, United States
Table CT8. Electric power sector consumption estimates, 1960-2023, United States






Year


Coal

Natural
gas a		 Petroleum
Nuclear
electric
power

Hydroelectric
power d		 Biomass


Geothermal f


Solar f,g


Wind f
Electricity
net
imports h





Total f,i
Distillate
fuel oil b		 Petroleum
coke 		Residual
fuel oil c
Total

Wood
and
waste e,f
Million
short tons		 Billion
cubic feet
Million barrels
Billion kilowatthours
Billion kilowatthours
1960 177 1,725 4 0 84 88 1 146 – – (s) NA NA 5 – –
1961 182 1,825 4 0 85 89 2 152 – – (s) NA NA 2 – –
1962 193 1,966 4 0 85 89 2 169 – – (s) NA NA 1 – –
1963 211 2,144 4 0 89 93 3 166 – – (s) NA NA (s) – –
1964 225 2,323 4 0 97 101 3 177 – – (s) NA NA 2 – –
1965 245 2,321 5 0 110 115 4 194 – – (s) NA NA (s) – –
1966 266 2,610 6 0 135 141 6 195 – – (s) NA NA 1 – –
1967 274 2,746 7 0 154 161 8 222 – – (s) NA NA (s) – –
1968 298 3,148 10 0 179 189 13 222 – – (s) NA NA -1 – –
1969 311 3,488 15 0 236 251 14 250 – – 1 NA NA 1 – –
1970 320 3,932 24 3 311 339 22 248 – – 1 NA NA 2 – –
1971 327 3,976 34 3 362 399 38 266 – – 1 NA NA 4 – –
1972 352 3,977 53 3 440 497 54 273 – – 1 NA NA 8 – –
1973 389 3,660 47 3 513 563 83 272 – – 2 NA NA 14 – –
1974 392 3,443 53 3 483 539 114 301 – – 2 NA NA 13 – –
1975 406 3,158 39 (s) 467 506 173 300 – – 3 NA NA 6 – –
1976 448 3,081 42 (s) 514 556 191 284 – – 4 NA NA 9 – –
1977 477 3,191 49 (s) 575 624 251 220 – – 4 NA NA 17 – –
1978 481 3,188 48 2 588 638 276 280 – – 3 NA NA 20 – –
1979 527 3,491 31 1 493 525 255 280 – – 4 NA NA 20 – –
1980 569 3,682 29 1 391 421 251 276 – – 5 NA NA 21 – –
1981 597 3,640 21 1 330 352 273 261 – – 6 NA NA 33 – –
1982 594 3,226 15 1 234 251 283 309 – – 5 NA NA 29 – –
1983 625 2,911 17 1 229 247 294 332 – – 6 NA (s) 35 – –
1984 664 3,111 15 1 189 206 328 321 – – 8 (s) (s) 40 – –
1985 694 3,044 15 1 159 175 384 281 – – 9 (s) (s) 41 – –
1986 685 2,602 14 2 216 232 414 291 – – 10 (s) (s) 36 – –
1987 718 2,844 15 2 184 201 455 250 – – 11 (s) (s) 46 – –
1988 758 2,636 19 2 229 250 527 223 – – 10 (s) (s) 32 – –
1989 772 3,105 26 3 244 273 529 269 – – 15 (s) 2 11 – –
1990 783 3,245 17 5 185 207 577 290 – – 15 (s) 3 2 – –
1991 784 3,316 14 5 173 192 613 286 – – 16 (s) 3 20 – –
1992 795 3,448 13 7 139 159 619 250 – – 16 (s) 3 25 – –
1993 832 3,473 15 13 152 180 610 278 – – 17 (s) 3 28 – –
1994 838 3,903 21 12 138 170 640 254 – – 16 (s) 3 45 – –
1995 850 4,237 19 13 90 122 673 305 – – 13 (s) 3 39 – –
1996 897 3,807 19 13 100 132 675 341 – – 14 1 3 40 – –
1997 921 4,065 19 17 114 150 629 351 – – 15 1 3 34 – –
1998 937 4,588 23 21 167 210 674 318 – – 15 1 3 26 – –
1999 941 4,820 24 19 152 195 728 315 – – 15 (s) 4 29 – –
2000 986 5,206 30 16 139 185 754 271 – – 14 (s) 6 34 – –
2001 964 5,342 29 17 160 206 769 214 – – 14 1 7 22 – –
2002 978 5,672 22 29 105 156 780 260 – – 14 1 10 21 – –
2003 1,005 5,135 28 29 138 195 764 272 – – 14 1 11 6 – –
2004 1,016 5,464 19 37 140 196 789 265 – – 15 1 14 11 – –
2005 1,037 5,869 20 40 139 199 782 267 – – 15 1 18 25 – –
2006 1,027 6,222 13 36 57 105 787 286 – – 15 1 27 18 – –
2007 1,045 6,841 15 28 63 107 806 246 – – 15 1 34 31 – –
2008 1,040 6,668 13 26 38 76 806 253 – – 15 1 55 33 – –
2009 934 6,873 12 23 29 64 799 272 – – 15 1 74 34 – –
2010 975 7,387 14 24 25 62 807 258 – – 15 1 95 26 – –
2011 932 7,574 11 24 15 50 790 318 – – 15 2 120 37 – –
2012 824 9,111 9 15 12 36 769 274 – – 16 4 141 47 – –
2013 858 8,191 10 21 12 43 789 265 – – 16 9 168 58 – –
2014 852 8,146 14 21 15 50 797 258 – – 16 17 181 53 – –
2015 738 9,613 12 20 15 47 797 248 – – 16 24 191 66 – –
2016 679 9,985 10 21 11 41 806 266 – – 16 35 227 67 – –
2017 665 9,266 9 17 10 37 805 299 – – 16 53 254 56 – –
2018 637 10,599 14 18 12 44 807 291 – – 16 63 272 44 – –
2019 539 11,299 9 13 9 32 809 287 – – 15 71 296 39 – –
2020 436 11,632 8 15 8 31 790 284 – – 16 89 338 47 – –
2021 501 11,229 10 15 9 35 780 250 – – 16 115 378 39 – –
2022 473 12,092 14 15 12 41 772 254 – – 16 143 434 41 – –
2023 387 12,940 9 10 10 30 775 244 – – 16 165 421 19 – –
Trillion Btu
1960 4,227 1,785 22 0 530 553 6 498 2 (s) NA NA 15 7,085
1961 4,355 1,889 22 0 536 557 20 519 1 (s) NA NA 8 7,350
1962 4,622 2,035 23 0 537 560 26 575 1 (s) NA NA 2 7,822
1963 5,050 2,220 25 0 560 585 38 566 1 1 NA NA (s) 8,460
1964 5,380 2,409 25 0 609 634 40 604 2 1 NA NA 7 9,076
1965 5,821 2,408 29 0 693 722 43 661 3 1 NA NA (s) 9,659
1966 6,302 2,713 37 0 846 883 64 665 3 1 NA NA 4 10,634
1967 6,445 2,853 43 0 967 1,011 88 756 3 1 NA NA -1 11,156
1968 6,994 3,263 57 0 1,124 1,181 142 759 4 1 NA NA -2 12,342
1969 7,219 3,609 87 0 1,484 1,571 154 854 3 2 NA NA 4 13,416
1970 7,228 4,048 141 19 1,958 2,117 239 845 4 2 NA NA 7 14,490
1971 7,299 4,092 200 18 2,277 2,495 413 909 3 2 NA NA 12 15,225
1972 7,843 4,085 310 19 2,768 3,097 584 930 3 5 NA NA 26 16,573
1973 8,660 3,738 273 15 3,226 3,515 910 928 3 7 NA NA 49 17,810
1974 8,539 3,511 309 19 3,038 3,365 1,272 1,027 3 8 NA NA 43 17,769
1975 8,789 3,232 226 2 2,937 3,166 1,900 1,024 2 11 NA NA 21 18,144
1976 9,731 3,153 243 2 3,232 3,477 2,111 968 3 12 NA NA 29 19,485
1977 10,259 3,282 283 3 3,614 3,901 2,702 752 5 12 NA NA 59 20,972
1978 10,253 3,293 276 12 3,699 3,987 3,024 957 3 10 NA NA 67 21,595
1979 11,270 3,604 178 8 3,097 3,283 2,776 955 5 13 NA NA 69 21,976
1980 12,158 3,804 169 5 2,459 2,634 2,739 942 4 17 NA NA 71 22,363
1981 12,623 3,759 124 4 2,073 2,202 3,008 889 4 19 NA NA 113 22,611
1982 12,538 3,335 89 4 1,474 1,568 3,131 1,055 3 17 NA NA 100 21,742
1983 13,185 2,992 96 8 1,440 1,544 3,203 1,133 4 21 NA (s) 121 22,197
1984 13,962 3,215 88 8 1,190 1,286 3,553 1,096 9 26 (s) (s) 135 23,278
1985 14,586 3,157 85 7 998 1,090 4,076 959 14 32 (s) (s) 140 24,050
1986 14,418 2,689 83 9 1,359 1,452 4,380 992 12 35 (s) (s) 122 24,099
1987 15,115 2,934 90 10 1,157 1,257 4,754 852 15 37 (s) (s) 158 25,117
1988 15,886 2,708 109 12 1,442 1,563 5,587 761 17 35 (s) (s) 108 26,662
1989 16,135 3,191 152 16 1,535 1,703 5,602 918 232 50 1 7 37 27,873
1990 16,259 3,333 97 30 1,163 1,289 6,104 989 317 53 1 10 8 28,355
1991 16,248 3,399 84 29 1,085 1,198 6,422 976 354 54 2 10 67 28,723
1992 16,464 3,535 74 45 872 991 6,479 853 402 55 1 10 87 28,870
1993 17,194 3,559 86 79 959 1,124 6,410 947 415 57 2 10 95 29,806
1994 17,259 4,000 120 70 869 1,059 6,694 867 434 53 2 12 153 30,524
1995 17,465 4,327 108 81 566 755 7,075 1,042 422 46 2 11 134 31,270
1996 18,428 3,882 109 80 628 817 7,087 1,164 438 49 2 11 137 32,008
1997 18,903 4,147 111 102 715 927 6,597 1,196 446 50 2 11 116 32,389
1998 19,216 4,698 136 124 1,047 1,306 7,068 1,085 444 50 2 10 88 33,959
1999 19,279 4,924 140 112 959 1,211 7,610 1,074 453 51 2 15 99 34,710
2000 20,220 5,318 175 99 871 1,144 7,862 926 453 48 2 19 115 36,100
2001 19,614 5,496 170 103 1,003 1,276 8,029 729 337 47 2 23 75 35,620
2002 19,783 5,789 127 175 659 961 8,145 889 380 49 2 35 72 36,102
2003 20,183 5,259 161 175 869 1,205 7,960 926 392 49 2 38 22 36,034
2004 20,304 5,609 111 211 879 1,201 8,223 904 383 51 2 48 39 36,760
2005 20,735 6,036 114 231 876 1,222 8,161 911 401 50 2 61 85 37,658
2006 20,460 6,394 73 203 361 637 8,215 977 408 50 2 91 63 37,290
2007 20,805 7,028 89 163 397 648 8,459 839 419 50 2 118 107 38,468
2008 20,511 6,849 73 146 240 459 8,426 864 431 51 3 189 112 37,891
2009 18,224 7,044 70 132 181 382 8,355 926 438 51 3 252 116 35,788
2010 19,133 7,550 80 137 154 370 8,434 882 459 52 4 323 89 37,293
2011 18,035 7,734 64 138 93 295 8,269 1,083 437 52 6 410 127 36,444
2012 15,821 9,313 52 85 77 214 8,062 934 453 53 14 480 161 35,500
2013 16,450 8,398 55 123 77 255 8,244 904 470 54 30 572 197 35,571
2014 16,427 8,385 82 118 95 295 8,338 880 530 54 59 619 182 35,765
2015 14,138 9,945 70 112 94 276 8,337 845 525 54 83 650 227 35,075
2016 12,997 10,325 55 118 71 244 8,427 909 505 54 121 774 227 34,575
2017 12,622 9,578 55 97 66 218 8,419 1,019 510 54 180 867 192 33,651
2018 12,053 10,952 80 101 78 260 8,438 993 496 54 216 929 152 34,534
2019 10,181 11,687 54 76 59 188 8,452 978 448 53 243 1,009 133 33,363
2020 8,229 12,023 44 87 53 184 8,251 969 428 54 302 1,152 161 31,743
2021 9,498 11,612 60 88 57 206 [R ] 8,131 854 426 55 391 1,289 134 32,584 [R ]
2022 8,886 12,492 83 85 76 244 8,061 [R ] 865 374 55 487 1,481 141 33,072 [R ]
2023 7,247 13,371 53 58 64 176 8,099 832 342 56 562 1,436 65 32,140

Footnotes:

a Includes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas.

b Excludes biodiesel. Prior to 1980, based on oil used in internal combustion and gas turbine engine plants. For 1980 through 2000, distillate fuel oil includes fuel oil Nos. 1 and 2, and small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.

c Prior to 1980, based on oil used in steam plants. For 1980 through 2000, residual fuel oil includes fuel oil Nos. 4, 5, and 6.

d Conventional hydroelectric power. For 1960 through 1989, includes pumped-storage hydroelectricity, which cannot be separately identified.

e Wood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Beginning in 2006, includes small amount of other biomass liquids that are biodiesel. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste.

f There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of renewable energy sources beginning in 1989.

g Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy.

h Electricity traded with Canada and Mexico. Btu value calculated by converting net imports in kilowatthours by 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour.

i Beginning in 1980, adjusted for the double-counting of supplemental gaseous fuels, which are included in both natural gas and the other fossil fuels from which they are mostly derived, but should be counted only once in the total.

– – = Not applicable. NA = Not available.

Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Physical unit value less than +0.5 and greater than -0.5 or Btu value less than +0.05 and greater than -0.05.

Notes: · Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The electric power sector consists of electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. · Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data include independent power producers. · The continuity of these data series estimates may be affected by the changing data sources and estimation methodologies. See the technical notes for each type of energy.

Web page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See technical notes. https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/