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Annual Coal Report

Release Date: October 30, 2024 Next Release Date: October 2025 full reportPDF
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The Annual Coal Report (ACR) provides annual data on U.S. coal production, number of mines, productive capacity, recoverable reserves, employment, productivity, consumption, stocks, and prices. All data for 2023 and previous years are final.

Highlights for 2023

  • U.S. coal production decreased 2.7% year over year to 577.9 million short tons (MMst). The number of producing coal mines increased from 548 to 560 mines.
  • The total productive capacity of U.S. coal mines was 847 MMst, a decrease of 2.8% from 2022.
  • The average number of employees at U.S. coal mines increased by 1,894 from 2022 to 45,476 employees.
  • U.S. coal mining productivity, as measured by average production per employee hour, decreased 7.4% from 2022 to 5.66 short tons per employee hour.
  • U.S. coal consumption decreased 17.4% from 515.5 MMst in 2022 to 425.9 MMst. The electric power sector accounted for 387.2 MMst (90.9%) of the total U.S. coal consumed in 2023.
  • The average sales price of bituminous coal was $96.23 per short ton, a 1.8% decrease from 2022. The average sales price of subbituminous coal was $17.56 per short ton, a 6.1% increase from 2022. The average sales price of thermal coal increased by 8.8% from 2022 to $37.60 per short ton. The average sales price of metallurgical coal decreased 19.2% from 2022 to $212.30 per short ton.
  • Total U.S. coal stocks in 2023 ended the year at 163.2 MMst, 42.7% higher than at the same time in 2022. Electric power coal stocks increased by 44.5 MMst to 133.7 MMst at the end of 2023.
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Data tables

Summary

  • Table ES-1.Coal Production
  • Available formats: PDFXLSX
  • Table ES-2.Coal Mining Productivity
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table ES-3.Coke Overview
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table ES-4.Nominal Coal Prices
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table ES-5.Average Price of U.S. Coal Exports and Imports
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Production

  • Table 1.Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 2.Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 3.Underground Coal Production by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 3.1Surface Coal Production by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 4.Coal Production by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 5.Coal Production and Coalbed Thickness by Major Coalbeds and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 6.Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 7.Coal Production by State, Mine Type, and Union Status
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 8.Coal Disposition by State
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  • Table 9.Major U.S. Coal Mines
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 10.Major U.S. Coal Producers
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Productive Capacity

  • Table 11.Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 12.Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State
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  • Table 13.Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Underground Coal Mines by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 13.1Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Surface Coal Mines by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Recoverable Reserves

  • Table 14.Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines by State
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 15.Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines, Estimated Recoverable Reserves, and Demonstrated Reserve Base by Mining Method
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  • Table 16.Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Underground Coal Mines by State and Mining Method
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  • Table 16.1Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Surface Coal Mines by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 17.Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine Production Range and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Employment

  • Table 18.Average Number of Employees by State and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 18.1.Average Number of Employees and Number of Mines by State and Coal Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 19.Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Mine Production Range
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 20.Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Union Status
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Productivity

  • Table 21.Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 22.Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 22.1Surface Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 23.Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 24.Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Union Status
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Domestic Market

  • Table 25.Intentionally left blank
  • Table 26.U.S. Coal Consumption by End Use Sector, Census Division, and State
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 27.Year-End Coal Stocks by Sector, Census Division, and State
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Average Mine Sales Price

  • Table 28.Average Sales Price of Coal by State and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 29.Average Sales Price of Coal by State and Underground Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 29.1Average Sales Price of Coal by State and Surface Mining Method
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 30.Average Sales Price of Coal by State, County, and Number of Mines
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 31.Average Sales Price of Coal by State and Coal Rank
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 32.Average Sales Price of Coal by Mine Production Range and Mine Type
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 33.Average Sales Price of U.S. Coal by State and Disposition
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 33.1.Average Sales Price of U.S. Coal by Use and Disposition
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Average Consumer Prices

  • Table 34.Average Price of Coal Delivered to End Use Sector by Census Division and State
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX

Imports and Exports

  • Table 35.Coal Imports by Country of Origin
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX
  • Table 36.Coal Exports by Country of Destination
  • Available formats: PDF XLSX