Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Release date: September 2021 Revised date: September 2022
Table B16. Building activity subcategories: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 2018
	Number of buildings (thousand)	Total floorspace (million square feet)	Total workers (thousand)	Median square feet per building (thousand)	Median square feet per worker¹	Median operating hours per week	Median age of buildings (years)
All buildings	5,918	96,423	85,796	5.4	1,167	50	36
Principal building activity (expanded)
Education	437	13,623	10,370	8.8	1,060	50	37
College or university	60	1,827	1,402	10.0	1,459	60	42
K-12	264	10,619	7,889	15.0	1,127	45	33
Elementary school	133	3,626	3,062	8.0	980	40	28
Middle/junior high school	26	1,832	1,360	57.4	1,165	50	38
High school	69	3,510	2,213	12.8	1,392	50	50
Multi-grade school (any K-12)	36	1,651	1,254	20.0	1,313	50	33
Preschool or daycare	81	482	704	4.0	444	60	41
Other classroom education	33	695	374	8.8	1,593	40	49
Food sales	163	1,006	917	2.4	1,100	112	38
Convenience store (with or without gas station)	121	371	385	2.1	1,050	120	38
Grocery store or food market	33	604	496	5.8	1,113	98	46
Other food sales	Q	Q	Q	Q	Q	Q	Q
Food service	286	1,385	2,884	3.5	500	80	39
Fast food	70	291	701	3.3	433	102	19
Restaurant or cafeteria	175	924	2,005	3.8	480	72	44
Other food service	41	171	179	3.0	1,000	63	68
Health care	137	4,018	6,656	6.0	459	48	29
Inpatient	9	2,259	3,597	121.0	730	168	35
Outpatient	129	1,760	3,059	5.7	453	45	29
Office (diagnostic)	64	638	1,128	5.5	444	45	28
Clinic or other outpatient	64	1,122	1,932	6.0	459	50	32
Lodging	207	6,976	2,764	13.6	1,987	168	27
Hotel	66	3,551	1,129	28.7	3,556	168	32
Motel or inn	41	592	208	10.4	3,000	168	34
Dormitory, fraternity, or sorority	35	840	143	4.0	4,758	168	10
Nursing home or assisted living	38	1,525	1,095	29.7	1,283	168	21
Other lodging	27	467	189	5.4	1,538	168	3
Mercantile	517	10,781	8,882	8.8	1,232	55	37
Retail (other than mall)	350	5,193	3,251	6.0	1,700	55	43
Retail store	296	4,487	2,749	5.5	1,700	55	43
Other retail	55	706	501	6.0	2,000	53	43
Enclosed and strip malls	167	5,588	5,631	13.0	688	55	30
Strip shopping center	166	4,904	5,226	12.7	684	55	30
Enclosed mall	1	684	405	685.0	1,945	73	37
Office	970	16,662	32,843	5.0	609	45	38
Administrative or professional	553	9,294	19,247	4.5	625	45	38
Bank or other financial	47	628	1,212	5.2	714	50	34
Government	129	2,526	4,525	3.9	556	40	39
Medical (non-diagnostic)	46	356	681	4.2	574	42	28
Mixed-use	119	3,359	6,375	10.0	604	60	36
Other office	76	500	804	2.2	625	45	42
Public assembly	488	7,192	3,338	6.1	2,072	45	43
Library	25	433	312	6.2	1,001	52	25
Entertainment or culture	71	1,318	533	5.0	2,250	30	62
Recreation	152	2,279	997	8.3	2,500	56	28
Social or meeting	220	2,469	1,020	5.0	2,100	40	46
Other assembly	20	694	476	5.0	2,035	60	38
Public order and safety	81	1,538	1,587	5.6	1,000	168	32
Fire or police station	61	586	522	5.3	1,000	168	32
Courthouse or probation office	9	452	655	25.0	834	40	93
Other public order	11	501	Q	3.7	750	168	28
Religious worship	439	5,471	1,948	8.0	2,500	15	45
Service	867	6,240	4,736	4.2	1,378	45	35
Post office or postal center	35	367	731	4.0	1,074	140	41
Vehicle service or repair	267	1,923	1,431	4.8	1,440	50	39
Vehicle storage or maintenance	369	2,805	1,508	5.0	1,600	40	34
Other service	196	1,145	1,067	3.3	1,000	50	33
Warehouse and storage	1,004	17,483	7,081	6.0	2,400	50	28
Nonrefrigerated	1,001	17,155	6,965	6.0	2,400	50	28
Warehouse	548	7,050	2,783	5.1	2,000	44	34
Distribution or shipping center	167	7,998	3,987	14.0	1,750	50	36
Self storage units	285	2,107	195	5.1	6,000	168	20
Refrigerated	3	327	117	53.0	3,273	80	39
Other	113	2,435	1,598	6.0	1,429	54	28
Laboratory	11	711	785	19.6	645	60	20
Other	102	1,724	813	6.0	1,640	54	28
Vacant	208	1,612	Q	3.6	4,000	0	40

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-871A of the 2018 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey Notes: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. The Guide to the 2018 CBECS Tables and CBECS Terminology contain definitions of terms used in these tables and comparisons between previous CBECS tables. You can access both references from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2018/. Data are sample survey estimates with RSEs published in a tab on the Excel worksheet for this table. ^aBuildings with zero workers are excluded from this column. Q = Data withheld either because the relative standard error (RSE) was greater than 50% or fewer than 20 buildings in reporting sample. N = No buildings in reporting sample.