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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Table C11. Consumption and gross energy intensity by building size for sum of major fuels, 2012

Released: May 2016

Sum of major fuel
consumption
(trillion Btu)
Total floorspace
of buildings
(million square feet)
Energy intensity for
sum of major fuels
(thousand Btu/square foot)
  1,001 to
10,000
square
feet
10,001 to
100,000
square
feet
Over
100,000
feet
1,001 to
10,000
square
feet
10,001 to
100,000
square
feet
Over
100,000
feet
1,001 to
10,000
square
feet
10,001 to
100,000
square
feet
Over
100,000
feet
All buildings 1,369 2,766 2,828 16,941 39,940 30,212 80.8 69.3 93.6
Principal building activity                  
Education 43 408 391 744 6,067 5,427 58.0 67.2 72.0
Food sales 119 128 Q 557 562 Q 213.7 228.8 Q
Food service 429 85 N 1,429 390 N 300.2 218.7 N
Health care 35 147 535 510 1,209 2,437 68.8 121.9 219.6
Inpatient N 57 492 N 282 2,092 N 200.7 235.2
Outpatient 35 91 43 510 927 345 68.8 97.9 124.8
Lodging 23 264 277 299 2,739 2,788 78.4 96.4 99.4
Mercantile 151 476 380 1,782 5,379 4,168 84.8 88.5 91.3
Retail (other than mall) 79 139 146 1,346 2,435 1,659 58.5 56.9 88.3
Enclosed and strip malls 72 337 234 436 2,944 2,510 166.0 114.6 93.2
Office 187 483 572 3,183 6,547 6,221 58.6 73.7 91.9
Public assembly 60 195 226 1,034 2,596 1,929 57.7 75.0 117.0
Public order and safety 22 50 61 331 557 552 65.9 89.3 110.8
Religious worship 55 106 Q 1,362 2,953 Q 40.4 35.9 Q
Service 142 116 Q 2,082 2,268 Q 68.2 51.4 Q
Warehouse and storage 63 159 206 2,456 5,777 4,845 25.8 27.6 42.6
Other 33 126 127 393 942 667 83.4 133.9 190.7
Vacant 7 22 13 779 1,954 523 8.4 11.3 24.7
Year constructed                  
Before 1920 70 90 78 1,159 1,769 1,054 60.7 50.6 74.2
1920 to 1945 108 153 157 1,412 2,602 2,012 76.6 59.0 77.9
1946 to 1959 116 220 200 1,711 3,471 2,199 68.1 63.4 91.1
1960 to 1969 171 379 352 1,955 4,977 3,430 87.3 76.2 102.6
1970 to 1979 198 380 433 2,043 4,982 3,820 96.8 76.4 113.4
1980 to 1989 219 463 481 2,893 6,637 5,701 75.8 69.8 84.4
1990 to 1999 221 435 446 2,741 6,232 4,830 80.4 69.9 92.3
2000 to 2003 89 231 259 1,039 3,116 3,060 85.3 74.2 84.6
2004 to 2007 83 209 236 1,038 3,363 2,124 79.6 62.3 111.0
2008 to 2012 94 204 185 950 2,791 1,982 99.3 73.1 93.5
Census region and division                  
Northeast 195 534 730.0 2,305.0 6,728.0 6,501.0 84.6 79.4 112.3
New England 60 166 141.0 946.0 2,141.0 1,215.0 63.7 77.6 116.4
Middle Atlantic 135 368 589.0 1,359.0 4,587.0 5,287.0 99.3 80.2 111.3
Midwest 301 668 597.0 3,729.0 8,646.0 6,544.0 80.7 77.3 91.2
East North Central 209 463 459.0 2,128.0 5,672.0 4,942.0 98.0 81.7 92.9
West North Central 92 205 138.0 1,602.0 2,974.0 1,602.0 57.7 68.8 86.0
South 571 1,048 947.0 6,918.0 15,877.0 11,485.0 82.5 66.0 82.5
South Atlantic 295 533 530.0 3,328.0 8,031.0 6,621.0 88.7 66.4 80.0
East South Central 84 166 119.0 1,219.0 2,272.0 1,414.0 69.2 73.1 84.0
West South Central 191 349 299.0 2,371.0 5,574.0 3,450.0 80.5 62.7 86.6
West 302 516 554.0 3,989.0 8,689.0 5,682.0 75.7 59.4 97.5
Mountain 94 134 189.0 1,032.0 2,182.0 1,766.0 90.9 61.6 107.1
Pacific 208 381 365.0 2,957.0 6,507.0 3,916.0 70.4 58.6 93.1
Climate region1                  
Very cold/Cold 483 1,163 1,100 6,106 14,795 10,997 79.1 78.6 100.0
Mixed-humid 472 827 971 5,378 11,851 10,644 87.8 69.8 91.2
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 184 294 326 2,664 5,842 3,531 69.0 50.3 92.4
Hot-humid 197 390 360 2,370 6,232 4,229 83.3 62.5 85.1
Marine 32 93 71 423 1,220 811 75.8 76.5 88.0
Number of floors                  
One 1,010 1,305 516 12,287 19,533 7,989 82.2 66.8 64.6
Two 271 755 435 3,496 11,628 5,083 77.4 64.9 85.6
Three 73 355 240 952 4,512 2,675 76.6 78.6 89.9
Four to nine 15 343 1,073 206 4,195 9,134 75.1 81.8 117.5
Ten or more N Q 563 N Q 5,331 N Q 105.6
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any elevators 30 914 2,239 361 10,827 20,932 84.4 84.4 107.0
Number of elevators                  
One 26 536 322 337 6,828 3,992 78.2 78.5 80.6
Two to five Q 375 863 Q 3,977 8,817 Q 94.2 97.9
Six or more N Q 1,054 N Q 8,123 N Q 129.8
Any escalators N 10 367 N 98 3,556 N 100.6 103.2
Number of workers (main shift)                  
Fewer than 5 509 229 18 9,205 7,457 1,089 55.3 30.7 17.0
5 to 9 357 228 13 4,158 4,337 478 85.9 52.6 26.3
10 to 19 354 388 31 2,586 6,203 834 136.8 62.5 37.0
20 to 49 147 848 193 986 10,964 2,564 149.1 77.3 75.2
50 to 99 Q 680 468 Q 7,445 6,024 Q 91.3 77.6
100 to 249 N 355 703 N 3,157 7,784 N 112.4 90.4
250 or more N 39 1,402 N 376 11,439 N 103.0 122.6
Weekly operating hours                  
Fewer than 40 104 103 22 3,487 4,007 727 29.7 25.8 30.1
40 to 48 238 397 197 4,355 7,975 3,498 54.6 49.8 56.4
49 to 60 274 577 407 3,985 10,618 5,927 68.8 54.4 68.6
61 to 84 288 610 472 2,125 7,725 6,017 135.4 78.9 78.5
85 to 167 293 461 344 1,328 3,882 4,185 220.9 118.8 82.1
Open continuously 172 618 1,387 1,662 5,733 9,859 103.6 107.8 140.6
Ownership and occupancy                  
Nongovernment owned 1,243 2,058 2,075 15,030 30,573 21,947 82.7 67.3 94.6
Owner occupied 660 960 996 7,989 13,824 8,824 82.6 69.4 112.8
Leased to tenant(s) 512 870 659 5,459 11,856 8,800 93.8 73.4 74.9
Owner occupied and leased 68 222 419 1,017 3,765 4,091 66.9 58.9 102.5
Unoccupied 3 6 Q 565 1,128 Q 5.0 5.4 Q
Government owned 126 709 753 1,911 9,367 8,266 66.0 75.7 91.1
Federal Q Q 100 Q Q 1,074 Q Q 93.4
State 24 241 289 332 2,595 2,612 72.7 93.0 110.7
Local 95 437 363 1,478 6,373 4,580 64.4 68.6 79.3
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems
                 
Building owner 1,085 2,236 2,486 14,371 33,416 25,915 75.5 66.9 95.9
Business owner or tenant 249 451 283 2,222 5,538 3,548 112.2 81.5 79.7
Property management 13 36 48 123 529 598 101.7 67.9 79.9
Other 21 43 Q 225 456 Q 95.3 93.8 Q
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases
                 
Building owner 1,117 2,341 2,526 14,790 35,032 26,448 75.5 66.8 95.5
Business owner or tenant 199 345 222 1,729 3,791 2,735 114.8 91.1 81.3
Property management 11 16 33 82 315 483 139.2 51.3 68.3
Other 42 64 47 339 801 546 124.4 79.8 85.4
Number of establishments                  
One 1,121 1,810 1,554 13,108 25,684 16,202 85.5 70.5 95.9
2 to 5 219 531 649 2,788 7,655 7,312 78.7 69.4 88.8
6 to 10 23 196 144 323 2,666 1,437 72.2 73.7 100.1
11 to 20 Q 169 185 Q 1,847 1,815 Q 91.3 101.7
More than 20 N 52 294 Q 659 3,136 N 79.4 93.9
Currently unoccupied 3 8 Q 655 1,428 Q 5.0 5.5 Q
Predominant exterior wall material                  
Brick, stone, or stucco 700 1,479 1,278 6,785 20,210 13,467 103.1 73.2 94.9
Concrete (block or poured) 288 699 732 3,254 9,355 8,117 88.5 74.7 90.2
Concrete panels 29 209 427 499 3,204 4,990 57.3 65.2 85.5
Siding or shingles 194 145 Q 2,916 2,298 536 66.4 63.0 115.1
Metal panels 135 181 112 3,302 4,095 1,275 41.0 44.1 87.8
Window glass Q 23 136 Q 250 1,062 Q 90.7 127.7
Other Q Q 52 Q Q 407 Q Q 126.9
No one major type Q Q 30 Q Q 358 Q Q 85.2
Predominant roof material                  
Metal surfacing 333 356 175 5,733 7,597 2,587 58.1 46.9 67.8
Synthetic or rubber 283 939 1,220 2,341 11,360 12,115 121.0 82.6 100.7
Built-up 198 673 991 2,127 9,804 9,904 93.1 68.7 100.1
Slate or tile shingles 129 138 104 1,333 1,874 1,100 97.1 73.6 94.3
Wooden materials (including
shingles)
54 29 Q 544 448 Q 98.6 65.1 Q
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles
352 553 200 4,643 7,735 2,726 75.8 71.5 73.5
Concrete Q 47 74 Q 595 914 Q 79.4 81.0
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type Q Q 27 Q Q 449 Q Q 59.4
Roof characteristics                  
Roof tilt                  
Flat 569 1,731 2,176 5,142 22,453 22,028 110.7 77.1 98.8
Shallow pitch 485 603 509 6,912 10,624 6,316 70.2 56.8 80.5
Steeper pitch 314 432 144 4,887 6,863 1,868 64.3 63.0 76.9
Cool roof 228 593 1,016 1,980 7,359 10,292 115.4 80.6 98.7
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any type of renovation 571 1,385 1,806 6,198 18,031 17,986 92.1 76.8 100.4
Addition or annex 117 418 757 1,248 5,269 6,505 93.8 79.3 116.4
Reduction in floorspace 32 31 162 273 437 1,042 118.0 70.9 155.8
Roof replacement 251 680 1,055 2,926 8,359 9,631 85.8 81.4 109.5
Exterior wall replacement 52 116 231 567 1,546 2,117 91.0 75.2 109.0
Interior wall reconfiguration 240 673 1,143 2,554 8,641 10,145 93.9 77.9 112.7
Window replacement 153 378 559 1,603 5,399 5,264 95.4 70.1 106.2
HVAC equipment upgrade 305 838 1,402 3,103 10,851 12,825 98.2 77.2 109.3
Lighting upgrade 298 834 1,308 2,805 9,786 12,912 106.4 85.2 101.3
Electrical upgrade 225 466 917 2,187 6,198 7,776 102.9 75.2 117.9
Plumbing system upgrade 211 447 739 1,919 5,556 6,354 109.9 80.4 116.3
Insulation upgrade 112 245 414 1,122 3,289 3,196 100.2 74.5 129.4
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 186 525 974 1,772 6,452 8,972 104.7 81.4 108.6
Structural upgrade 50 121 253 431 1,574 1,909 116.1 77.0 132.5
Other Q Q 36 Q Q 442 Q Q 80.8
No renovations 704 1,177 837 9,793 19,117 10,244 71.9 61.6 81.7
Buildings constructed 2008 or later 94 204 185 950 2,791 1,982 99.3 73.1 93.5
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 1,369 2,766 2,828 15,981 38,841 30,046 85.6 71.2 94.1
Natural gas 1,015 2,206 2,324 8,575 26,906 23,244 118.4 82.0 100.0
Fuel oil 94 578 1,559 1,163 5,435 13,602 81.2 106.3 114.6
District heat Q 138 660 Q 1,048 4,878 Q 131.6 135.3
District chilled water Q 89 563 Q 901 3,643 Q 98.6 154.5
Propane 82 250 252 1,721 3,086 2,899 47.5 80.8 86.9
Other 28 114 159 496 1,572 1,758 56.4 72.7 90.4
Space-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 744 1,672 1,482 8,569 23,280 17,181 86.9 71.8 86.2
Natural gas 839 1,906 1,701 7,665 23,741 18,104 109.5 80.3 93.9
Fuel oil 55 134 172 778 1,999 1,574 70.3 66.9 109.0
District heat Q 138 656 Q 1,048 4,839 Q 131.6 135.5
Propane 44 68 39 1,220 1,308 539 36.1 52.3 72.0
Other 14 25 Q 342 587 Q 39.7 43.1 Q
Primary space-heating
energy source
                 
Electricity 476 801 568 5,631 13,195 7,378 84.5 60.7 77.0
Natural gas 731 1,638 1,502 6,851 19,975 16,161 106.7 82.0 93.0
Fuel oil 47 88 52 609 1,257 676 77.9 70.0 76.6
District heat Q 138 646 Q 1,048 4,711 Q 131.6 137.2
Propane 27 30 Q 937 933 Q 29.3 32.5 Q
Other 7 13 Q 222 361 Q 29.7 36.7 Q
Cooling energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 1,265 2,599 2,457 13,359 35,444 27,231 94.7 73.3 90.2
Natural gas Q Q 85 Q Q 564 Q Q 150.7
District chilled water Q 89 563 Q 901 3,643 Q 98.6 154.5
Water-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 608 1,309 1,184 8,230 19,572 14,953 73.9 66.9 79.2
Natural gas 711 1,666 1,652 4,890 18,829 15,804 145.3 88.5 104.5
Fuel oil 17 67 90 223 866 822 76.3 77.5 109.4
District heat Q 86 566 Q 612 3,934 Q 140.3 143.8
Propane 24 41 Q 492 721 Q 48.6 56.4 Q
Cooking energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 390 837 1,283 2,976 9,460 12,715 131.2 88.5 100.9
Natural gas 499 947 1,569 2,070 8,921 13,779 241.0 106.1 113.8
Propane 35 62 70 524 757 721 66.5 82.4 96.8
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)
                 
Buildings with space heating 1,298 2,709 2,775 14,289 36,770 29,019 90.9 73.7 95.6
Buildings with cooling 1,274 2,681 2,819 13,428 36,239 29,627 94.9 74.0 95.2
Buildings with water heating 1,275 2,716 2,807 13,338 36,472 29,205 95.6 74.5 96.1
Buildings with cooking 718 1,354 2,007 4,806 14,862 18,878 149.4 91.1 106.3
Buildings with manufacturing 65 173 122 826 2,638 1,614 79.2 65.5 75.7
Buildings with electricity
generation
93 801 1,909 917 7,180 17,545 101.8 111.5 108.8
Percent of floorspace heated                  
Not heated 70 58 53 2,652 3,170 1,193 26.5 18.1 44.7
1 to 50 118 189 161 2,338 5,016 2,776 50.6 37.6 57.9
51 to 99 224 509 565 2,252 6,174 6,224 99.5 82.5 90.8
100 956 2,011 2,049 9,699 25,580 20,019 98.6 78.6 102.4
Percent of floorspace cooled                  
Not cooled 95 85 9 3,513 3,701 585 27.1 23.0 15.4
1 to 50 233 443 314 3,679 9,554 5,657 63.2 46.3 55.4
51 to 99 273 865 1,006 2,673 9,522 10,532 102.1 90.8 95.5
100 768 1,374 1,500 7,076 17,162 13,438 108.6 80.0 111.6
Percent lit when open                  
Zero 2 Q Q 240 Q Q 9.7 Q Q
1 to 50 197 303 143 3,559 6,665 2,405 55.2 45.5 59.4
51 to 99 468 1,301 1,280 4,984 16,289 13,541 93.9 79.8 94.6
100 690 1,153 1,400 6,625 15,184 13,917 104.2 75.9 100.6
Building never open/electricity
not used
12 8 Q 1,534 1,737 333 7.7 4.9 Q
Percent lit during off hours                  
Zero 489 543 261 8,255 11,757 4,734 59.2 46.2 55.2
1 to 50 747 1,875 1,724 6,866 24,296 19,591 108.7 77.2 88.0
51 to 100 91 261 666 600 2,041 4,285 151.4 127.7 155.5
Building always open with
no "off hours"
42 88 176 260 748 1,435 163.1 117.0 122.9
Electricity not used N N N 960 1,098 Q N N N
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Heat pumps 154 368 377 1,906 5,784 4,155 81.0 63.6 90.7
Furnaces 191 302 122 2,508 4,714 1,433 76.2 64.1 85.4
Individual space heaters 258 618 696 3,772 8,898 8,096 68.5 69.4 85.9
District heat Q 138 656 Q 1,048 4,839 Q 131.6 135.5
Boilers 135 850 1,277 1,134 9,652 11,657 119.2 88.1 109.5
Packaged heating units 882 1,773 1,428 8,431 23,972 16,785 104.6 73.9 85.1
Other 15 113 64 163 886 525 91.9 127.1 121.4
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Residential-type central air
conditioners
431 504 152 5,318 7,804 1,643 81.0 64.6 92.2
Heat pumps 185 392 363 2,177 6,148 4,214 84.8 63.7 86.0
Individual air conditioners 134 394 485 1,999 5,416 5,005 67.1 72.8 96.8
District chilled water Q 89 563 Q 901 3,643 Q 98.6 154.5
Central chillers Q 479 1,361 Q 4,449 12,484 Q 107.7 109.0
Packaged air conditioning units 661 1,694 1,617 5,236 21,729 18,188 126.3 78.0 88.9
Swamp coolers 40 63 72 292 864 763 137.3 72.9 95.0
Other Q Q 35 Q Q 265 Q Q 131.9
Main equipment replaced since
1990 (more than one may apply)
                 
Heating 534 961 669 5,739 13,465 8,353 93.0 71.4 80.1
Cooling 576 1,028 917 6,043 14,166 10,493 95.4 72.5 87.4
Water-heating equipment                  
Centralized system 1,026 1,716 1,468 10,637 22,855 14,043 96.5 75.1 104.5
Distributed system 132 380 319 1,901 6,205 4,581 69.6 61.3 69.7
Combination of centralized and
distributed system
116 620 1,020 800 7,412 10,581 145.0 83.7 96.4
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)
                 
Incandescent 515 1,261 1,764 5,370 15,993 17,044 96.0 78.8 103.5
Standard fluorescent 1,259 2,674 2,781 14,055 36,814 29,212 89.6 72.6 95.2
Compact fluorescent 700 1,882 2,513 6,555 23,389 23,873 106.8 80.5 105.2
High-intensity discharge (HID) 104 734 1,348 1,109 8,653 13,635 94.2 84.9 98.9
Halogen 268 946 1,481 2,431 11,448 14,179 110.1 82.6 104.5
LED 163 701 1,500 1,061 7,613 13,397 153.1 92.0 111.9
Other Q Q 35 Q Q 293 Q Q 120.4
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any refrigeration 1,181 2,538 2,753 12,013 33,246 28,386 98.3 76.3 97.0
Walk-in units 578 1,066 1,880 2,142 9,277 16,942 270.0 115.0 111.0
Cases or cabinets 508 1,017 1,791 2,483 9,809 16,427 204.5 103.7 109.0
Large cold storage areas 42 158 329 156 1,248 2,767 269.1 127.0 119.0
Commercial ice makers 483 1,190 2,058 2,100 11,717 18,918 230.2 101.6 108.8
Residential-type or compact units 786 2,079 2,317 10,311 28,259 23,811 76.2 73.6 97.3
Vending machines 178 1,583 2,417 1,784 17,672 24,480 99.8 89.6 98.7
No refrigeration 188 228 76 4,928 6,694 1,826 38.2 34.1 41.4
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Desktop computers 1,123 2,667 2,796 11,924 35,779 29,360 94.2 74.6 95.2
With flat screen monitors 1,091 2,638 2,794 11,435 35,422 29,303 95.4 74.5 95.4
With multiple monitors 228 967 1,747 2,424 12,296 16,226 94.2 78.6 107.6
Laptop computers 676 2,163 2,627 7,905 28,847 26,734 85.6 75.0 98.2
Dedicated servers 468 1,854 2,462 4,641 23,333 25,395 100.8 79.5 97.0
Laser printers 621 1,940 2,235 6,677 24,644 22,934 93.0 78.7 97.4
Inkjet printers 664 1,143 1,097 6,979 16,716 12,540 95.1 68.3 87.5
FAX machines 856 2,336 2,515 9,355 30,661 26,667 91.5 76.2 94.3
Photocopiers 425 2,078 2,607 5,688 27,050 26,539 74.6 76.8 98.2
Number of desktop computers                  
None 246 99 Q 5,017 4,161 852 48.9 23.8 Q
1 to 4 709 437 38 6,942 7,402 1,324 102.1 59.0 29.0
5 to 9 268 400 70 2,966 5,430 1,026 90.2 73.7 68.4
10 to 19 88 452 136 1,346 6,179 1,863 65.3 73.2 73.1
20 to 49 50 684 386 636 7,902 4,556 79.0 86.6 84.8
50 to 99 Q 337 304 Q 4,563 3,694 Q 73.9 82.4
100 to 249 Q 289 667 Q 3,571 6,152 Q 80.9 108.5
250 or more N 68 1,193 N 732 10,745 N 92.8 111.0
Number of laptop computers                  
None 692 603 202 9,036 11,093 3,478 76.6 54.4 58.0
1 to 4 566 742 208 6,543 11,397 3,221 86.6 65.1 64.5
5 to 9 77 387 233 994 5,079 2,273 78.0 76.3 102.4
10 to 19 28 368 323 297 4,518 3,528 93.2 81.4 91.6
20 to 49 Q 377 525 Q 4,587 4,985 Q 82.2 105.4
50 to 99 N 185 321 N 1,937 3,297 N 95.7 97.2
100 to 249 N 65 460 N 982 4,235 N 65.9 108.7
250 or more N Q 557 N Q 5,197 N Q 107.2
Number of dedicated servers                  
None 901 913 366 12,300 16,607 4,817 73.3 54.9 75.9
1 to 4 449 1,440 829 4,525 18,595 10,976 99.2 77.5 75.5
5 to 9 Q 206 349 Q 2,446 3,712 Q 84.1 94.1
10 to 19 Q 102 487 Q 1,266 4,425 Q 80.5 110.1
20 to 49 Q 91 305 Q 822 2,928 Q 110.6 104.2
50 or more Q Q 492 Q Q 3,354 Q Q 146.7
Number of photocopiers                  
None 944 688 221 11,253 12,890 3,674 83.9 53.4 60.3
One 304 678 221 4,197 9,634 3,250 72.3 70.3 67.9
2 to 4 111 948 537 1,380 12,031 6,902 80.6 78.8 77.8
5 to 9 Q 287 493 Q 3,485 5,312 Q 82.3 92.7
10 or more Q 166 1,356 Q 1,900 11,075 Q 87.3 122.5
Number of TVs or video displays                  
None 488 541 185 8,683 11,772 3,885 56.2 46.0 47.7
One 332 302 63 3,854 4,899 1,237 86.1 61.6 51.3
2 to 4 353 698 260 3,217 9,910 3,338 109.7 70.4 77.8
5 to 9 144 365 267 908 4,218 3,021 159.0 86.6 88.4
10 to 19 34 352 424 180 3,919 4,069 187.8 89.7 104.3
20 to 49 Q 262 441 Q 2,983 5,010 Q 87.9 88.0
50 to 99 Q 123 305 Q 1,169 3,177 Q 105.3 95.9
100 or more N 123 883 N 1,070 6,477 N 115.4 136.3
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)
                 
Snack bar or concession stand 61 203 848 378 1,958 7,549 160.4 103.8 112.4
Fast food or small restaurant 94 355 757 438 2,666 6,684 215.4 133.1 113.3
Cafeteria or large restaurant Q 356 1,260 Q 4,268 10,913 Q 83.4 115.5
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area
43 587 1,168 536 5,763 9,850 80.6 101.9 118.6
Small kitchen area 146 420 621 2,297 5,931 5,826 63.7 70.8 106.6
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)
                 
Data center or server farm Q 210 1,132 Q 1,941 9,058 Q 108.4 125.0
Computer-based training room 31 479 1,187 325 5,568 11,831 94.5 86.0 100.3
Student or public computer center 21 441 813 356 5,710 8,276 58.7 77.3 98.2
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)
                 
Economizer cycle 170 1,005 1,967 1,118 11,110 18,521 152.5 90.5 106.2
Regular HVAC maintenance 977 2,453 2,773 9,050 31,653 28,541 108.0 77.5 97.2
Building automation system (BAS)2 175 1,202 2,332 1,601 13,348 22,101 109.3 90.1 105.5
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)
                 
Multipaned windows 865 2,089 2,296 9,016 27,885 23,461 95.9 74.9 97.9
Tinted window glass 530 1,512 1,931 5,223 20,337 19,465 101.4 74.4 99.2
Reflective window glass 140 570 942 1,542 6,613 7,753 90.7 86.3 121.5
External overhangs or awnings 623 1,198 1,267 5,805 14,678 11,705 107.4 81.6 108.2
Skylights or atriums 109 610 1,291 1,539 8,361 12,360 71.1 73.0 104.4
Light scheduling 298 1,054 1,578 2,401 12,227 15,635 124.2 86.2 100.9
Occupancy sensors 188 1,263 1,983 1,699 14,108 20,064 110.8 89.6 98.8
Multi-level lighting or dimming 126 577 916 813 5,480 8,240 154.3 105.2 111.2
Daylight harvesting 22 184 413 225 1,963 3,927 97.4 93.7 105.3
Demand responsive lighting 45 164 201 494 1,997 2,246 91.1 82.1 89.4
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting2 52 418 730 423 4,003 7,641 122.3 104.5 95.6
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)
                 
Heating 976 1,995 2,051 11,239 28,994 22,935 86.8 68.8 89.4
Cooling 952 1,992 2,064 10,666 28,578 23,272 89.2 69.7 88.7
Lighting 1,269 2,579 2,578 14,552 36,182 27,860 87.2 71.3 92.5
1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
Notes: • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See the
Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ • Site electricity is the amount of electricity delivered to commercial builidngs. Primary electricity, which is not included in the Total of major fuelscategory, is site electricity plus the conversion losses in the generation, transmission, and distribution processes. • Statistics for the Energy end uses category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. • HVAC = Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-871A, C, D, E, and F of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.