Nevada State Energy Profile



Nevada Quick Facts

  • Nevada consumes six times more energy than the state produces in part because Nevada produces only small amounts of natural gas and crude oil and does not mine any coal.
  • Most of Nevada's largest power plants by capacity and generation are natural gas-fired. In 2023, natural gas fueled 56% of Nevada's total in-state electricity generation, its smallest share in the past 18 years.
  • In 2023, Nevada ranked eighth in the nation in total electricity generation from utility- and small-scale solar resources combined, providing 26% of the state's generation.
  • Hoover Dam, one of the nation’s largest federal hydroelectric facilities, is on Nevada's border with Arizona. It supplied about 4% of Nevada's total in-state generation in 2022.
  • In 2023, Nevada accounted for 26% of the nation’s utility-scale electricity generation from geothermal energy. Only California generated more.

Last Updated: May 16, 2024



Data

Last Update: October 17, 2024 | Next Update: November 21, 2024

+ EXPAND ALL
Energy Indicators  
Demography Nevada Share of U.S. Period
Population 3.2 million 1.0% 2023  
Civilian Labor Force 1.6 million 1.0% Aug-24  
Economy Nevada U.S. Rank Period
Gross Domestic Product $ 239.4 billion 32 2023  
Gross Domestic Product for the Manufacturing Sector $ 10,651 million 38 2023  
Per Capita Personal Income $ 65,168 26 2023  
Vehicle Miles Traveled 27,647 million miles 35 2022  
Land in Farms 5.9 million acres 37 2023  
Climate Nevada U.S. Rank Period
Average Temperature 50.0 degrees Fahrenheit 33 2023  
Precipitation 12.9 inches 47 2023  
Prices  
Petroleum Nevada U.S. Average Period find more
Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase -- $ 79.07 /barrel Jul-24  
Natural Gas Nevada U.S. Average Period find more
City Gate $ 3.98 /thousand cu ft $ 4.57 /thousand cu ft Jul-24 find more
Residential $ 22.70 /thousand cu ft $ 22.98 /thousand cu ft Jul-24 find more
Coal Nevada U.S. Average Period find more
Average Sales Price -- $ 54.46 /short ton 2022  
Delivered to Electric Power Sector W $ 2.47 /million Btu Jul-24  
Electricity Nevada U.S. Average Period find more
Residential 13.57 cents/kWh 16.62 cents/kWh Jul-24 find more
Commercial 9.85 cents/kWh 13.58 cents/kWh Jul-24 find more
Industrial 9.93 cents/kWh 8.81 cents/kWh Jul-24 find more
Reserves  
Reserves Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Crude Oil (as of Dec. 31) -- -- 2022 find more
Expected Future Production of Dry Natural Gas (as of Dec. 31) -- -- 2022 find more
Expected Future Production of Natural Gas Plant Liquids -- -- 2022 find more
Recoverable Coal at Producing Mines -- -- 2022 find more
Rotary Rigs & Wells Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Natural Gas Producing Wells 0 wells 0.0% 2020 find more
Capacity Nevada Share of U.S. Period
Crude Oil Refinery Capacity (as of Jan. 1) 2,000 barrels/calendar day * 2024  
Electric Power Industry Net Summer Capacity 16,621 MW 1.4% Jul-24  
Supply & Distribution  
Production Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Total Energy 63 trillion Btu 0.1% 2022 find more
Crude Oil 0 thousand barrels per day 0.0% Jul-24 find more
Natural Gas - Marketed 4 million cu ft * 2023 find more
Coal -- -- 2022 find more
Total Utility-Scale Net Electricity Generation Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Total Net Electricity Generation 5,217 thousand MWh 1.2% Jul-24  
Utility-Scale Net Electricity Generation (share of total) Nevada U.S. Average Period
Petroleum-Fired * 0.2 % Jul-24 find more
Natural Gas-Fired 57.9 % 48.6 % Jul-24 find more
Coal-Fired 5.1 % 16.7 % Jul-24 find more
Nuclear 0.0 % 16.2 % Jul-24 find more
Renewables 37.2 % 18.0 % Jul-24  
Stocks Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Motor Gasoline (Excludes Pipelines) 198 thousand barrels 1.6% Jul-24  
Distillate Fuel Oil (Excludes Pipelines) 269 thousand barrels 0.3% Jul-24 find more
Natural Gas in Underground Storage -- -- Jul-24 find more
Petroleum Stocks at Electric Power Producers 2 thousand barrels * Jul-24 find more
Coal Stocks at Electric Power Producers W W Jul-24 find more
Fueling Stations Nevada Share of U.S. Period
Motor Gasoline 767 stations 0.7% 2022  
Propane 22 stations 0.9% Sep-24  
Electric Vehicle Charging Locations 595 stations 0.9% Sep-24  
E85 17 stations 0.4% Sep-24  
Biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas, and Other Alternative Fuels 3 stations 0.1% Sep-24  
Consumption & Expenditures  
Summary Nevada U.S. Rank Period
Total Consumption 706 trillion Btu 38 2022 find more
Total Consumption per Capita 222 million Btu 36 2022 find more
Total Expenditures $ 16,152 million 34 2022 find more
Total Expenditures per Capita $ 5,083 27 2022 find more
by End-Use Sector Nevada Share of U.S. Period
Consumption
    »  Residential 157 trillion Btu 0.8% 2022 find more
    »  Commercial 130 trillion Btu 0.8% 2022 find more
    »  Industrial 143 trillion Btu 0.5% 2022 find more
    »  Transportation 276 trillion Btu 1.0% 2022 find more
Expenditures
    »  Residential $ 2,671 million 0.8% 2022 find more
    »  Commercial $ 1,857 million 0.8% 2022 find more
    »  Industrial $ 2,162 million 0.8% 2022 find more
    »  Transportation $ 9,462 million 1.1% 2022 find more
by Source Nevada Share of U.S. Period
Consumption
    »  Petroleum 59 million barrels 0.8% 2022 find more
    »  Natural Gas 290 billion cu ft 0.9% 2022 find more
    »  Coal 1,789 thousand short tons 0.3% 2022 find more
Expenditures
    »  Petroleum $ 10,748 million 1.0% 2022 find more
    »  Natural Gas $ 2,613 million 1.0% 2022 find more
    »  Coal $ 122 million 0.5% 2022 find more
Consumption for Electricity Generation Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Petroleum 1 thousand barrels 0.1% Jul-24 find more
Natural Gas 22,895 million cu ft 1.5% Jul-24 find more
Coal 156 thousand tons 0.4% Jul-24 find more
Energy Source Used for Home Heating (share of households) Nevada U.S. Average Period
Natural Gas 58.7 % 46.2 % 2022  
Fuel Oil 0.4 % 3.9 % 2022  
Electricity 34.4 % 41.3 % 2022  
Propane 3.4 % 5.0 % 2022  
Other/None 3.3 % 3.5 % 2022  
Environment  
Renewable Energy Capacity Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Total Renewable Energy Electricity Net Summer Capacity 6,977 MW 2.0% Jul-24  
Ethanol Plant Nameplate Capacity -- -- 2024  
Renewable Energy Production Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Utility-Scale Hydroelectric Net Electricity Generation 136 thousand MWh 0.7% Jul-24  
Utility-Scale Solar, Wind, and Geothermal Net Electricity Generation 1,772 thousand MWh 3.3% Jul-24  
Utility-Scale Biomass Net Electricity Generation NM NM Jul-24  
Small-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Generation 204 thousand MWh 2.3% Jul-24  
Fuel Ethanol Production 0 thousand barrels 0.0% 2022  
Renewable Energy Consumption Nevada U.S. Rank Period find more
Renewable Energy Consumption as a Share of State Total 10.4 % 18 2022  
Fuel Ethanol Consumption 3,107 thousand barrels 33 2022  
Total Emissions Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Carbon Dioxide 39.4 million metric tons 0.8% 2021  
Electric Power Industry Emissions Nevada Share of U.S. Period find more
Carbon Dioxide 13,509 thousand metric tons 0.8% 2022  
Sulfur Dioxide 3 thousand metric tons 0.3% 2022  
Nitrogen Oxide 10 thousand metric tons 0.8% 2022  

Analysis

Last Updated: May 16, 2024

Overview

Known as the Silver State, Nevada is rich in mineral deposits, particularly gold and silver.1 It is also rich in renewable energy resources.2 The Sierra Nevada Mountains mark the western edge of Nevada with California, and the open prairie and deep canyons of the Columbia Plateau occupy the northeastern part of the state. However, almost all of Nevada is within the Great Basin, an arid area with no outlet to the sea. The state's iconic buttes and flat-topped mesas are scattered between the mountain ranges that rise from the desert floor.3,4 The sun-bathed desert provides Nevada with the greatest solar power potential in the nation, and the state has substantial solar energy development.5 Geothermal resources are also widespread in Nevada, and the state ranks second in the nation, after California, in its electricity generating capacity at geothermal power plants.6,7,8 Although Nevada has the lowest average annual precipitation in the nation, it has one of the nation's largest hydroelectric facilities, Hoover Dam. The Dam spans the Colorado River between Nevada and Arizona and supplies the region with electricity.9,10 Nevada's mountain slopes are home to the state's mostly juniper and pinyon pine forests, and the mountain ridges have the state's greatest wind power potential, but only a small amount of the state's electricity is generated from wind or biomass.11,12,13 Nevada does not have any significant crude oil, natural gas, or coal reserves and has no nuclear power plants.14,15 However, the state is the nation's only lithium producer.16 Lithium is used in the manufacturing of the rechargeable batteries used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and grid storage applications.17 A northern Nevada lithium deposit is thought to be the largest in North America, and construction of an open pit mine began at that location in 2023. Numerous other lithium claims have been staked in the state.18,19 Nevada also has deposits of 33 of the 50 minerals identified as critical minerals by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2022, which are used in the manufacture of batteries, seminconductors, solar panels, and wind turbines, among other applications.20,21

Nevada is the largest source of gold in the United States and the state's mines account for about three-fourths of the gold produced in the nation.22 In 1859, the discovery of silver and gold drew a rush of settlers to Nevada.23 Today, the state's population growth is among the fastest in the nation, but Nevada remains among the 10 least densely populated states.24,25 The federal government owns about four-fifths of Nevada's land, the largest share of any state. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management manages grazing, mining, and energy development on most of those public lands.26,27 Although mining for gold, silver, lithium, and other minerals remains important, the state's economy now includes: aerospace and defense; information technology; health; manufacturing and logistics; natural resource technologies; and tourism.28 Las Vegas and Reno are tourist destinations for gaming and entertainment, and the leisure and hospitality industry is the state's largest employer.29

Tourism to Las Vegas and Reno helps make the transportation sector Nevada’s biggest energy consumer.

In part because of tourism, Nevada's transportation sector accounts for more than one-third of the state's total energy consumption. The residential sector consumes one-fourth of the total energy used in the state, the industrial sector accounts for more than one-fifth, and the commercial sector uses about one-fifth.30 Almost three-fourths of the state's residents live in southern Nevada in Clark County, which includes the city of Las Vegas.31 Despite the heavy use of air conditioning in the state during the long, hot summers, Nevada's per capita energy consumption is less than in about three-fourths of the states.32,33,34 The amount of energy consumed for each dollar of GDP in Nevada is below the national average.35 Overall, Nevada ranks eighth-lowest among the states in energy production, and uses more than six times more energy than is produced in the state.36

Electricity

Nevada’s largest power plant by capacity and generation is natural gas-fired and recycles three-fourths of the water it uses.

Natural gas fuels the largest share of Nevada's electricity generation, and 8 of the state's 10 largest power plants by capacity and 7 of the 10 largest by generation are natural gas-fired.37 In 2023, natural gas fueled 56% of Nevada's total in-state electricity generation from both utility-scale (greater than 1 megawatt capacity) power plants and small-scale (less than 1 megawatt capacity) generating systems—the smallest share in the past 18 years.38 Because Nevada is the driest state in the nation, minimizing the use of scarce water is a priority. The state's largest generating plant, the 1,100-megawatt Chuck Lenzie Generating Station near Las Vegas, uses high-efficiency natural gas combined-cycle technology and recycles three-fourths of the water it uses. The facility also reduces water use with a dry-cooling system that allows the combined-cycle plant to use only 7% as much water as an equivalent conventional water-cooled power plant.39

In 2023, renewable energy resources accounted for 39% of Nevada's total in-state electricity net generation. Utility-scale solar and small-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) together supplied about 26% of the state's total generation, while geothermal energy provided 10% and hydroelectric power 3%.40 Hoover Dam, one of the nation's largest hydroelectric dams, is on Nevada's border with Arizona and has power plants in both states. It accounted for 96% of Nevada's hydroelectric power generation in 2023.41,42,43 Wind and biomass provided the rest of Nevada's renewable generation.44

Coal fueled about 5% of Nevada's total electricity generation in 2023, down from more than 51% two decades earlier.45 Two coal-fired power plants have been retired in Nevada since 2012 and the two remaining coal-fired power plants are scheduled to be converted to natural gas by 2026.46,47 One of these coal-fired power plants is an industrial facility—TS Power Plant—owned by Nevada Gold Mines (NGM). It began operating in 2008 and provides electricity to gold and copper mining operations in the desert near Elko and sells its excess generation to the regional electricity transmission company.48 NGM announced that it would be converting the plant to natural gas and develop a 200-megawatt solar facility with battery energy storage on the same site.49

In 2023, total electricity consumption in Nevada was nearly evenly distributed among the state's residential, industrial, and commercial sectors, and Nevada's average electricity price was less than in one-third of the states.50,51 The residential sector, where more than one in three households use electricity for home heating and most use air conditioning, accounted for more than one-third of the state's electricity consumption.52,53 The commercial sector, including the famously bright lights on the Las Vegas strip, used about one-third, and the industrial sector consumed slightly less than one-third. Nevada's transportation sector, which consists of light-rail, accounted for a small amount of the state's electricity consumption.54 Nevada continues to add electric vehicle charging stations to its highway infrastructure, as a member of the Regional Electric Vehicle Plan for the West.55 As of early 2024, there were 560 public electric vehicle charging locations in Nevada, with more than 2,000 charging ports.56 Nevada ranks in the top 20 states with over 28,000 registered battery electric vehicles.57

Nevada's electricity consumption sometimes exceeds in-state generation, and additional electricity supplies enter Nevada over high-voltage transmission lines from other states.58 Prior to 2014, two separate transmission grids provided power to Nevada. The one in the southern part of the state supplied the Las Vegas area, and the one in the northern part of the state supplied many communities, including the Elko and Reno areas. In 2014, the One Nevada transmission project, which runs the length of the state in eastern Nevada, connected the two grids. Two new transmission lines, part of the Greenlink Nevada initiative, will connect to the One Nevada transmission line and will run along the north and west of Nevada.59,60 Another large-scale transmission project in development will cross through Nevada, allowing delivery of power generated from renewable resources in Wyoming to market centers in California, Arizona, and Nevada.61

Renewable energy

Since 2016, the share of Nevada’s in-state electricity generation from all solar sources has nearly tripled.

In 2023, renewable energy sources generated 39% of Nevada's total electricity generation from both utility- and small-scale facilities. Utility-scale solar PV facilities generated more electricity than the state's hydroelectric plants for the first time in 2016, and more power than geothermal energy for the first time in 2017. Since 2016, the share of Nevada's in-state electricity generation from all solar sources has nearly tripled. In 2023, utility-scale and small-scale solar power—including from solar thermal power plants—provided two-thirds of Nevada's in-state generation from all renewable sources and 26% of the state's total electricity generation.62 Nevada leads the nation in solar power potential and ranks sixth in the nation in total solar capacity and eighth in generation.63,64

Nevada is one of seven states with utility-scale electricity generation from geothermal energy, and the state is second only to California in geothermal-sourced power production.65 Geothermal resources account for one-fourth of Nevada's generation from all renewable sources and about 10% of the state's total electricity generation.66 Among the state's electricity generating facilities is a first-of-its-kind hybrid geothermal-solar power plant, which combines geothermal power with solar PV and solar thermal generation. That facility began as a geothermal power plant in 2009, and PV panels were added later, creating a baseload geothermal facility with peaking solar generation in daytime, when air conditioning demand is greatest. In 2015, the facility added a solar thermal power plant, which raises the temperature of the geothermal fluids and increases the efficiency and amount of generation from the geothermal power plant.67

Almost all of the rest of Nevada's renewable generation comes from its hydroelectric power plants, primarily Hoover Dam, the state's third-largest power plant by capacity and seventh largest by generation in 2022.68,69 Built in less than five years during the Great Depression, Hoover Dam has a generating capacity of about 2,080 megawatts, half of which is in Nevada and half is in Arizona. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation operates the dam, which supplies electricity to Nevada, Arizona, and California. Hoover Dam is a National Historic Landmark.70,71,72 In 2023, hydroelectric power generation declined by 22% in Nevada because of the drought conditions in the Western states, which has led to historically low hydroelectric generation.73

Nevada's wind resource potential is on scattered mountain ridges across the state.74 Because the federal government owns and manages 80% of the state's land, most utility-scale wind projects need federal approval.75,76 Nevada's first utility-scale commercial wind farm opened in 2012. The 150-megawatt wind farm is the only utility-scale wind project online in the state. No new utility-scale wind projects were in development as of February 2024.77

Nevada first enacted a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) in 1997 and has modified it several times since, most recently in 2019. It now requires that at least 50% of the electricity that utilities sell to Nevada customers must be generated from renewable sources by 2030.78,79

Petroleum

Nevada does not have any significant crude oil reserves and has only a modest amount of production.80,81 Petroleum exploration in the state was sporadic during the past century.82 Nevada's crude oil production reached a high of more than 4 million barrels per year in 1990, but annual production declined rapidly after that. In 2023, the state produced less than 220,000 barrels.83 Nevada has one crude oil refinery, which has a capacity to process about 2,000 barrels of crude oil per calendar day and produces only asphalt and road oil.84,85 The state gets additional petroleum products from out of state. Las Vegas receives refined petroleum products like motor gasoline and diesel fuel by pipeline from refineries in Utah and southern California, and the Reno area receives petroleum products from refineries in northern California.86,87 In 2022, Nevada had the fifth-highest motor gasoline price in the nation.88

Nevada's transportation sector consumes most of the petroleum products used in the state. In 2022, 86% of the petroleum consumed in Nevada went to that sector.89 Federal regulations require that both the Las Vegas and the Reno metropolitan areas use oxygenated motor gasoline during the winter months. Additionally, motor gasoline sold during the summer in Washoe County, including the Reno area, is a reduced volatility blend that lowers the emissions that contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone.90,91 Ethanol is used as an oxygenate for motor gasoline, but there are no fuel ethanol plants in Nevada.92 Ethanol is shipped into the state by rail and blended with motor gasoline at Nevada's petroleum product terminals.93 The industrial sector accounts for about 9% of Nevada's petroleum consumption. The commercial sector uses about 3% and the residential sector, where about 3 in 100 Nevada households use petroleum products, mostly propane, for home heating, accounts for almost all the rest. A small amount of petroleum is used for power generation.94,95 On a per capita basis, Nevada uses less petroleum than more than two-thirds of the states.96

Natural gas

Nevada has no significant natural gas reserves and only a minimal amount of natural gas production.97 Almost all of that production comes from oil wells and is used to operate equipment in the fields where it is produced.98,99,100 Interstate pipelines provide the vast majority of Nevada's natural gas supply. Most of the natural gas that enters Nevada comes through Utah, with smaller amounts from California and Idaho. Nevada consumers use slightly less than one-third of the natural gas that enters the state. The rest continues on, with about four-fifths going to California and one-fifth to Oregon.101 The electric power sector uses 65% of the natural gas delivered to Nevada consumers. The residential sector, where nearly three in five households use natural gas as their primary home heating fuel, consumes 16% of the state's natural gas deliveries. The commercial sector uses about 11% of the natural gas delivered to Nevada consumers, and the industrial sector accounts for 6%. The transportation sector uses a small amount of natural gas as compressed natural gas vehicle fuel.102,103

Coal

There are no commercial coal deposits or coal mines in Nevada.104 However, the state's two coal-fired power plants, one operated by a utility and the other an industrial facility that generates power for its own use, are both located in northern Nevada.105 They are among the 10 largest power plants by generation in the state and consumed 1.3 million tons of coal in 2023.106,107 The North Valmy Generating Station is Nevada's only remaining utility-owned coal-fired power plant. It receives coal shipped by rail from mines in Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado. The TS Power Plant, an industrial coal-fired power plant, receives the coal it needs by truck and rail from Utah.108,109 Nevada's annual total coal consumption in 2023 was less than one-fifth the amount used in the state in 2001.110

Energy on tribal lands

Nevada has 19 federally recognized tribes and is home to more than 46,000 Native Americans.111,112 There are a total of 32 reservations or tribal colonies in the state.113 The largest of the state's reservations, Walker River, covers almost a half-million acres, but most of Nevada's reservations are small. Combined, the state's tribal areas cover about 1.4 million acres in total, which is less than 2% of the state's total land area.114,115

The 250-megawatt Moapa Southern Paiute Solar Project is the first large-scale solar power plant built on tribal land.

Tribal lands, like most of Nevada, have abundant solar resources, and solar energy is the primary renewable energy resource used by the state's tribes.116 Nevada's Moapa River Indian Reservation is the site of the nation's first utility-scale solar power plant built on tribal land. The 250-megawatt Moapa Southern Paiute Solar Project—located about 30 miles northeast of Las Vegas on land leased from the Moapa Tribe—became fully operational in 2017. The project's solar power is sold to the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, and the Moapa Band of Paiutes receives revenues from the project.117 Two large solar projects came online on the reservation in 2023—the 300-megawatt Eagle Shadow Mountain project and the 200-megawatt Arrow Canyon Solar Project.118,119 Another large solar project, the 300-megawatt Southern Bighorn Solar Project—on the Moapa reservation—is under development.120,121 Other Nevada tribes also have built solar projects on their reservations.122 The Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California installed seven ground-mounted small-scale solar PV projects at community buildings on tribal land.123 The Yerington Paiute Tribe created an energy plan and has installed solar panels as it works toward a goal of energy self-sufficiency. Ground-mounted solar panels provide power to several buildings as well as to well pumps used for irrigation and at a water treatment plant on the reservation.124,125

Geothermal energy potential also exists on Nevada's tribal lands. The Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe's reservation near Reno and the Walker River reservation are ranked among the top five reservations in the nation with the greatest potential for geothermal-sourced electricity generation.126 The Pyramid Lake tribe investigated their reservation's geothermal resource potential. Although the reservation is in an area where other non-tribal geothermal power plants are located, the reservation's geothermal resources have not been developed, and there are no geothermal projects on Nevada's tribal lands.127,128,129

Endnotes

1 Carroll, Nikole Robinson, "Nevada's History As 'The Silver State',", Nevada Public Radio (August 13, 2020).
2 U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Nevada Profile Data, Environment, accessed April 25, 2024.
3 State of Nevada, Appendix B: Nevada Geographic and Demographic Data, p. 1-2, accessed April 25, 2024.
4 National Park Service, Great Basin National Park, Nevada, The Great Basin, updated April 22, 2021.
5 Solar Energy Industries Association, Nevada Solar, Q4 2023.
6 Roberts, Billy, Geothermal Resource of the United States, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (February 22, 2018).
7 NV Energy, Geothermal Resources, accessed April 25,2024.
8 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Table 6.2.B.
9 North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, State Climate Summaries 2022, Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
10 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Hoover Dam, Frequently Asked Questions and Answers, Hydropower at Hoover Dam, updated August 1, 2018.
11 Nevada Division of Forestry, Nevada Forest Health Highlights 2022, accessed April 25, 2024.
12 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors, Nevada, All fuels (utility-scale), 2001-22.
13 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, WINDExchange, Wind Energy In Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
14 U.S. EIA, Nevada Profile Data, Reserves, updated April 18, 2024.
15 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Nevada, updated March 9, 2021.
16 U.S. Geological Survey, National Mineral Information Center, Lithium Statistics and Information, Annual Publications, 2024.
17 U.S. Geological Survey, Lithium Deposits in the United States, released June 1, 2020.
18 Solis, Jennifer, "Lithium Americas to get massive federal loan to develop Thacker Pass mine," Nevada Current (March 15, 2023).
19 Nevada Division of Minerals Open Data Site, DMRE-Lithium Exploration in Nevada, "Claim Listing data as of February 29, 2024.
20 Burton, Jason, "U.S. Geological Survey releases 2022 list of critical minerals," U.S. Geological Survey, Press Release (February 22, 2022).
21 Nevada Division of Minerals Open Data Site, Critical Minerals in Nevada, accessed April 26, 2024.
22 U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center, Gold Statistics and Information, Annual Publications, 2024.
23 Online Nevada Encyclopedia, Comstock Lode, accessed April 24, 2024.
24 Wisevoter, Fastest Growing States, accessed April 24, 2024.
25 U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer, Nevada, accessed April 24, 2024.
26 Congressional Research Service, Federal Land Ownership: Overview and Data, updated February 21, 2020, p. 7-10.
27 U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management, BLM Nevada, accessed April 24, 2024.
28 Nevada Governor's Office of Economic Development, Key Industries, accessed April 24, 2024.
29 U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Economy at a Glance, Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
30 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C1, Energy Consumption Overview: Estimates by Energy Source and End-Use Sector, 2021.
31 U.S. Census Bureau, Nevada: 2020 Census, State Profile, Population and Housing, updated August 25, 2021.
32 U.S. EIA, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), 2020 RECS Survey Data, State Data, Highlights for air conditioning in U.S. homes by state, 2020.
33 University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada's climate, accessed April 24, 2024.
34 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C14. Total Energy Consumption Estimates per Capita by End-Use Sector, Ranked by State, 2021.
35 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C12, Total Energy Consumption, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Energy Consumption per Real Dollar of GDP, Ranked by State, 2021.
36 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table P3, Total Primary Energy Production and Total Energy Consumption Estimates in Trillion Btu, 2021.
37 U.S. EIA, Nevada Electricity Profile 2022, Table 2A. Plants-Capacity, 2B. Plants-Generation.
38 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Nevada, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Annual, 2001-23.
39 NV Energy, Chuck Lenzie Generating Station, updated May 2017.
40 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Nevada, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Annual, 2001-23.
41 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Hoover Dam, Frequently Asked Questions and Answers, Hydropower at Hoover Dam, updated August 1, 2018.
42 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Hoover Dam (NV) (megawatthours), Annual, 2001-23.
43 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser Nevada, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Nevada, All fuels, Conventional hydroelectric, Annual, 2001-23.
44 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser Nevada, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Annual, 2001-23.
45 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Nevada, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Annual, 2001-23.
46 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Retired Generators as of March 2024 and Inventory of Operating Generators as of March 2024.
47 Hering, Garrett, "Nevada approves NV Energy gas-fired projects after solar-plus-storage delays", S&P Global Commodity Insights (March 5, 2024).
48 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of March 2024, Plant State: NV, Technology: Conventional Steam Coal.
49 Barrick Gold Corporation, "New Nevada Gold Mines Solar Power Plant Advances Barrick's Clean Energy Drive," Press Release (April 13, 2022).
50 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Nevada, Retail sales of electricity (million kilowatthours), Annual,2001-23.
51 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Average retail price or electricity (cents per kilowatthour), all sectors, Annual, 2023.
52 U.S. Census Bureau, Nevada, Table B25040, House Heating Fuel, 2022 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates.
53 U.S. EIA, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), 2020 RECS Survey Data, State Data, Highlights for air conditioning in U.S. homes by state, 2020.
54 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Nevada, Retail sales of electricity, All sectors, Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Transportation, Other, Annual, 2001-23.
55 National Association of State Energy Officials, Memorandum of Understanding Between Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming Regional Electric Vehicle Plan for the West, December 13, 2019.
56 U.S. EIA, Monthly Energy Review (March 2024), Appendix F, F1 Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure, monthly state file, XLS.
57 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data Systems, Table F39: Electric light-duty vehicles overview, 2022.
58 U.S. EIA, Nevada Electricity Profile 2022, Table 10, Supply and disposition of electricity, 1990 through 2022.
59 NVEnergy, NV Energy's Clean Energy Commitment, updated February 13, 2024.
60 NV Energy, Greenlink Nevada, Accessed April 24, 2024.
61 Solis, Jennifer, "New NV transmission line will slash energy costs, says White House," Nevada Current (October 31, 2023).
62 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Nevada, All fuels, Conventional hydroelectric, Other renewables, Wind, Geothermal, Biomass, All solar, All utility-scale solar, Small-scale solar photovoltaic, Utility-scale thermal, Annual, 2001-23.
63 Solar Energy Industries Association, Nevada Solar, Q4 2023.
64 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Tables 1.17.B, 1.18.B, 6.2.B.
65 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Table 1.16.B.
66 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Nevada, Conventional hydroelectric, Other renewables, Small-scale solar photovoltaic, Geothermal, Annual, 2001-23.
67 Richter, Alexander, Stillwater, NV - triple hybrid geothermal and solar plant, Think Geoenergy (May 7, 2021).
68 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors, Nevada, Conventional hydroelectric, Other renewables, Wind, All solar, Geothermal, Biomass, Annual, 2023.
69 U.S. EIA, Nevada Electricity Profile 2022, Tables 2A, 2B.
70 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Hoover Dam, Hoover Dam Historical Information, updated February 8, 2017.
71 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Hoover Dam, Frequently Asked Questions and Answers, Hydropower at Hoover Dam, updated August 1, 2018.
72 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Form EIA-860 detailed data with previous form data (EIA-860A/860B), 2022 Form EIA-860 Data, Schedule 3, 'Generator Data' (Operable Units Only), Hoover Dam (AZ) and Hoover Dam (NV).
73 U.S. EIA, "Western U.S. hydropower generation fell to a 22-year low last year," Today in Energy (March 26, 2024).
74 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, WINDExchange, Wind Energy in Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
75 Congressional Research Service, Federal Land Ownership: Overview and Data, updated February 21, 2020, p. 7-9.
76 U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Rights of Way, accessed April 24, 2024.
77 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of March 2024 and Inventory of Planned Generators as of March 2024.
78 State of Nevada Public Utilities Commission, Renewable Portfolio Standard, accessed April 24, 2024.
79 NC Clean Energy Technology Center, DSIRE, Nevada Renewable Portfolio Standard, updated December 5, 2023.
80 U.S. EIA, Crude Oil Proved Reserves, Reserves Changes, and Production, Annual, Proved Reserves as of December 31, 2015-21.
81 U.S. EIA, Crude Oil Production, Annual Thousand Barrels, 2017-23.
82 University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Oil & Gas Historical Summary, accessed April 24, 2024.
83 U.S. EIA, Nevada Field Production of Crude Oil, 1981-2023.
84 U.S. EIA, Number and Capacity of Petroleum Refineries, Nevada, Annual (as of January 1), 2017-23.
85 U.S. EIA, Production Capacity of Operable Petroleum Refineries, Nevada, Annual (as of January 1), 2017-23.
86 Holly Energy Partners, UNEV Pipeline, accessed April 24, 2024.
87 Kinder Morgan, Products Pipelines, SFPP and CALNEV Pipeline, accessed April 24, 2024.
88 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F3: Motor gasoline consumption, price, and expenditure estimates, 2022.
89 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F16, Total Petroleum Consumption Estimates, 2022.
90 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, State Winter Oxygenated Fuel Program Requirements for Attainment or Maintenance of CO NAAQS, EPA420-B-08-006 (January 2008), p. 4.
91 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gasoline Standards, Gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure, accessed April 25, 2024.
92 U.S. EIA, U.S. Fuel Ethanol Plant Production Capacity, U.S. fuel ethanol plant count by state, 2023.
93 U.S. EIA, Movements of Crude Oil and Selected Products by Rail between PAD Districts, Fuel Ethanol, Annual, 2017-23.
94 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F16, Total Petroleum Consumption Estimates, 2022.
95 U.S. Census Bureau, Nevada, Table B25040, House Heating Fuel, 2022 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates.
96 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C15, Petroleum Consumption, Total and per Capita, Ranked by State, 2021.
97 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Reserves Summary as of December 31, 2016-21, Dry Natural Gas.
98 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Production, Nevada, Annual, 2017-22.
99 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Consumption by End Use, Nevada, Annual, 2018-23.
100 Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Oil and Gas Resources, Natural Gas, accessed April 23, 2024.
101 U.S. EIA, International and Interstate Movements of Natural Gas by State, Nevada, Annual, 2017-22.
102 U.S. Census Bureau, Nevada, Table B25040, House Heating Fuel, 2022 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates.
103 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Consumption by End Use, Nevada, Annual, 2018-23.
104 U.S. EIA, Nevada, Profile Data, Reserves and Supply & Distribution, updated April 18, 2024.
105 U.S. EIA, Interactive GIS Data Viewer, accessed April 23, 2024.
106 U.S. EIA, Nevada Electricity Profile 2022, Table 2B.
107 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Consumption for electricity generation for electric power, Nevada, Coal, Annual, 2001-23.
108 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of March 2024.
109 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Distribution Report 2022 (October 3, 2023), Nevada, Table DS-24, Domestic Coal Distribution, by Destination State, 2022.
110 U.S. EIA, Coal Data Browser, Total Consumption, Nevada, Annual, 2001-23.
111 U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, "Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible to Receive Services from the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs," Federal Register, Vol. 89, No.5, Monday, January 8, 2024, Notices, p. 944-947.
112 U.S. Census Bureau, 2022 American Community Survey, B02001 Race, Nevada.
113 Nevada Indian Commission, Map of Nevada Tribes, Indian Reservations and Colonies of Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
114 Native Land Information System, BIA Land Area Totals for US Native Lands, Owner Source: Tribal, Filter by State: NV, accessed April 25, 2024.
115 U.S. Census Bureau, Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
116 Roberts, Billy J., Direct Normal Solar Irradiance, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (February 22, 2018).
117 U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Center for Innovative Finance Support, Project Profile: Moapa Southern Paiute Solar Project, Clark County, Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
118 Arevon Energy, Inc., "Arevon Completed 300 MW Eagle Shadow Mountain Solar Power Plant on Moapa River Indian Reservation," Press Release (May 18, 2023).
119 EDF Renewables, "EDF Renewables North America Celebrates Arrow Canyon Solar+Storage Project," Press Release (November 9, 2023).
120 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of March 2024, and Inventory of Planned Generators as of March 2024.
121 U.S. Department of the Interior, "Interior Department Advances Two Solar Energy Projects on Tribal Lands," Press Release (July 16, 2021).
122 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs, Tribal Energy Project Database, State: Nevada, accessed April 25, 2024.
123 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs, Project Reports for Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California, 2015 Project, Washoe Tribe Clean Energy Project, Final Technical Report (March 18, 2016).
124 Yerington Paiute Tribe Energy Plan (March 2014), p. 2.
125 "Paiute Tribe to receive solar panel," Reno Gazette Journal (February 11, 2014).
126 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Indian Energy, Developing Clean Energy Projects on Tribal Lands, Data and Resources for Tribes, fiscal year 2013, p. 44.
127 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office 2013 Peer Review, Comprehensive Evaluation of the Geothermal Resource Potential within the Pyramid Lake Paiute Reservation (April 23, 2013).
128 U.S. Department of Energy, Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe - Pyramid Lake Energy Project Geothermal Assessment, 2016.
129 U.S. EIA, Nevada Profile Overview, View the interactive map, Indian Lands and Geothermal Power Plant Map Layers, accessed April 25, 2024.


Other Resources

Energy-Related Regions and Organizations

Other Websites

map