Illinois Quick Facts
- Illinois is the sixth-largest energy-consuming state in the nation, and its industrial sector, which includes petroleum refining, coal mining, and agriculture, uses the most energy of any end-use sector in the state.
- Illinois ranks fourth in the nation in crude oil refining capacity behind Texas, Louisiana, and California, and the state's 4 refineries can process nearly 1 million barrels of crude oil per calendar day.
- The estimated recoverable coal reserves in Illinois are the second-largest in the nation after Montana, and the state's coal mines account for 6% of U.S. total coal production.
- Illinois is the third-largest ethanol-producing state and also the third-largest producer of biodiesel.
- Illinois generates more electricity from nuclear energy than any other state, and it accounted for about 13% of U.S. nuclear power generation in 2023.
Last Updated: September 19, 2024
Data
Last Update: September 19, 2024 | Next Update: October 17, 2024
| Prices | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petroleum | Illinois | U.S. Average | Period | find more | |
| Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase | $ 75.49 /barrel | $ 77.45 /barrel | Jun-24 | ||
| Natural Gas | Illinois | U.S. Average | Period | find more | |
| City Gate | NA | $ 4.36 /thousand cu ft | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Residential | $ 18.50 /thousand cu ft | $ 21.10 /thousand cu ft | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Coal | Illinois | U.S. Average | Period | find more | |
| Average Sales Price | $ 35.96 /short ton | $ 54.46 /short ton | 2022 | ||
| Delivered to Electric Power Sector | W | $ 2.51 /million Btu | Jun-24 | ||
| Electricity | Illinois | U.S. Average | Period | find more | |
| Residential | 16.15 cents/kWh | 16.41 cents/kWh | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Commercial | 12.50 cents/kWh | 13.10 cents/kWh | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Industrial | 9.24 cents/kWh | 8.44 cents/kWh | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Reserves | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reserves | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Crude Oil (as of Dec. 31) | -- | -- | 2022 | find more | |
| Expected Future Production of Dry Natural Gas (as of Dec. 31) | -- | -- | 2022 | find more | |
| Expected Future Production of Natural Gas Plant Liquids | -- | -- | 2022 | find more | |
| Recoverable Coal at Producing Mines | 1,846 million short tons | 16.4% | 2022 | find more | |
| Rotary Rigs & Wells | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Natural Gas Producing Wells | NA | NA | 2020 | find more | |
| Capacity | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | ||
| Crude Oil Refinery Capacity (as of Jan. 1) | 1,043,485 barrels/calendar day | 5.8% | 2023 | ||
| Electric Power Industry Net Summer Capacity | 44,962 MW | 3.7% | Jun-24 | ||
| Supply & Distribution | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Production | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Total Energy | 2,209 trillion Btu | 2.2% | 2022 | find more | |
| Crude Oil | 19 thousand barrels per day | 0.1% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Natural Gas - Marketed | 2,003 million cu ft | * | 2022 | find more | |
| Coal | 38,280 thousand short tons | 6.4% | 2022 | find more | |
| Total Utility-Scale Net Electricity Generation | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Total Net Electricity Generation | 16,150 thousand MWh | 4.1% | Jun-24 | ||
| Utility-Scale Net Electricity Generation (share of total) | Illinois | U.S. Average | Period | ||
| Petroleum-Fired | * | 0.4 % | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Natural Gas-Fired | 17.7 % | 43.3 % | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Coal-Fired | 16.4 % | 15.8 % | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Nuclear | 52.0 % | 17.5 % | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Renewables | 13.6 % | 22.7 % | Jun-24 | ||
| Stocks | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Motor Gasoline (Excludes Pipelines) | 35 thousand barrels | 0.3% | Jun-24 | ||
| Distillate Fuel Oil (Excludes Pipelines) | 2,928 thousand barrels | 3.1% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Natural Gas in Underground Storage | 831,627 million cu ft | 10.9% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Petroleum Stocks at Electric Power Producers | 74 thousand barrels | 0.3% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Coal Stocks at Electric Power Producers | 5,780 thousand tons | 4.3% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Fueling Stations | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | ||
| Motor Gasoline | 3,866 stations | 3.5% | 2022 | ||
| Propane | 82 stations | 3.4% | Aug-24 | ||
| Electric Vehicle Charging Locations | 1,255 stations | 1.9% | Aug-24 | ||
| E85 | 282 stations | 6.4% | Aug-24 | ||
| Biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas, and Other Alternative Fuels | 493 stations | 16.9% | Aug-24 | ||
| Consumption & Expenditures | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summary | Illinois | U.S. Rank | Period | ||
| Total Consumption | 3,676 trillion Btu | 6 | 2022 | find more | |
| Total Consumption per Capita | 292 million Btu | 24 | 2022 | find more | |
| Total Expenditures | $ 60,710 million | 6 | 2022 | find more | |
| Total Expenditures per Capita | $ 4,825 | 37 | 2022 | find more | |
| by End-Use Sector | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | ||
| Consumption | |||||
| » Residential | 925 trillion Btu | 4.7% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Commercial | 744 trillion Btu | 4.5% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Industrial | 1,109 trillion Btu | 3.6% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Transportation | 893 trillion Btu | 3.2% | 2022 | find more | |
| Expenditures | |||||
| » Residential | $ 13,752 million | 4.1% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Commercial | $ 9,140 million | 3.8% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Industrial | $ 9,380 million | 3.3% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Transportation | $ 28,438 million | 3.3% | 2022 | find more | |
| by Source | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | ||
| Consumption | |||||
| » Petroleum | 227 million barrels | 3.1% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Natural Gas | 1,103 billion cu ft | 3.4% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Coal | 27,278 thousand short tons | 5.3% | 2022 | find more | |
| Expenditures | |||||
| » Petroleum | $ 33,454 million | 3.2% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Natural Gas | $ 11,911 million | 4.4% | 2022 | find more | |
| » Coal | $ 1,196 million | 4.5% | 2022 | find more | |
| Consumption for Electricity Generation | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Petroleum | 3 thousand barrels | 0.2% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Natural Gas | 21,127 million cu ft | 1.7% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Coal | 1,644 thousand tons | 4.8% | Jun-24 | find more | |
| Energy Source Used for Home Heating (share of households) | Illinois | U.S. Average | Period | ||
| Natural Gas | 74.6 % | 46.2 % | 2022 | ||
| Fuel Oil | 0.1 % | 3.9 % | 2022 | ||
| Electricity | 19.0 % | 41.3 % | 2022 | ||
| Propane | 4.5 % | 5.0 % | 2022 | ||
| Other/None | 1.8 % | 3.5 % | 2022 | ||
| Environment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renewable Energy Capacity | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Total Renewable Energy Electricity Net Summer Capacity | 9,253 MW | 2.7% | Jun-24 | ||
| Ethanol Plant Nameplate Capacity | 1,867 million gal/year | 10.4% | 2024 | ||
| Renewable Energy Production | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Utility-Scale Hydroelectric Net Electricity Generation | NM | NM | Jun-24 | ||
| Utility-Scale Solar, Wind, and Geothermal Net Electricity Generation | 2,173 thousand MWh | 3.4% | Jun-24 | ||
| Utility-Scale Biomass Net Electricity Generation | 21 thousand MWh | 0.5% | Jun-24 | ||
| Small-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Generation | 210 thousand MWh | 2.4% | Jun-24 | ||
| Fuel Ethanol Production | 35,532 thousand barrels | 9.7% | 2022 | ||
| Renewable Energy Consumption | Illinois | U.S. Rank | Period | find more | |
| Renewable Energy Consumption as a Share of State Total | 6.7 % | 32 | 2022 | ||
| Fuel Ethanol Consumption | 10,275 thousand barrels | 10 | 2022 | ||
| Total Emissions | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Carbon Dioxide | 184.2 million metric tons | 3.8% | 2021 | ||
| Electric Power Industry Emissions | Illinois | Share of U.S. | Period | find more | |
| Carbon Dioxide | 53,796 thousand metric tons | 3.3% | 2022 | ||
| Sulfur Dioxide | 52 thousand metric tons | 4.8% | 2022 | ||
| Nitrogen Oxide | 28 thousand metric tons | 2.3% | 2022 | ||
Analysis
Last Updated: September 19, 2024
Overview
Located in the center of the United States, Illinois is the most populous Midwestern state, and ranks sixth in the nation in population and fifth in GDP.1,2,3 Most of the state's residents are concentrated in a few large urban areas, leaving much of the state rural.4 Chicago, located in northeastern Illinois on the shores of Lake Michigan, is home to one-fifth of the state's population and is the third-largest U.S. city.5,6
Illinois plays an important role in the nation's economy because of its central location and extensive transportation network. The state has the nation's fifth-busiest commercial airport and the second-largest rail network with almost 7,000 route miles.7,8 Illinois has the third-largest number of interstate highways, after Texas and California, at about 2,200 miles, and it also has about 1,100 miles of navigable waterways. The state's inland waterway system connects the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River and the Ohio River, linking the central United States to the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.9,10
Illinois is a key hub for crude oil and natural gas moving throughout the United States.
Illinois is a key hub for crude oil and natural gas moving throughout the United States.11 The state also has substantial coal reserves and some crude oil resources.12,13 Illinois is a major electricity generator and produces the most nuclear power among the states, and is a top supplier of wind power.14 The state has 26 million acres of farmland and ranks among the top 5 states in the market value of agricultural products sold.15,16 Corn and soybeans, the state's most important crops, provide feed for livestock and are used as feedstock for many ethanol and biodiesel plants.17,18,19,20
Illinois is the nation's sixth-largest energy-consuming and eleventh-largest energy-producing state. The state's industrial sector, which includes agriculture, accounts for three-tenths of Illinois's total energy use.21,22 Chemicals, food and beverages, machinery, fabricated metal products, and computers and electronics are the largest contributors to the state's manufacturing GDP. Other energy-intensive industries in Illinois include petroleum refining, coal mining, and plastics manufacturing.23 The residential sector accounts for one-fourth of the state's energy consumption, the transportation sector uses slightly less than one-fourth, and the commercial sector accounts for one-fifth.24 Despite the state's cold winters and its warm, humid, and occasionally hot summers, Illinois's total energy consumption per capita ranks near the midpoint of the states.25,26
Electricity
Illinois generates more electricity from nuclear energy than any other state, accounting for one-eighth of the nation’s total nuclear power generation.
Illinois is the nation's fifth-largest electricity producer, and typically sends about one-fifth of the power it generates to other states over the regional grid.27,28 Illinois generates more electricity from nuclear energy than any other state, accounting for one-eighth of the nation's total nuclear power generation.29 In 2023, the state's 6 nuclear power plants, with 11 total reactors, produced 54% of the state's electricity net generation.30,31 Five of the six nuclear plants rank among the 10 largest power plants in the state by generating capacity and all six by annual electricity generation.32 Because of economic issues in the electricity market, several of the state's nuclear power stations were scheduled to close, but the Illinois legislature in 2016 approved financial incentives to keep the stations operating.33 The utility that owns two nuclear power plants in northern Illinois, the Byron and Dresden generating facilities, reversed its plans to retire the nuclear power plants in the fall of 2021 after a new state law passed that requires Illinois to transition to 50% clean energy by 2040 and 100% clean energy by 2050.34,35,36,37 Illinois has the only chemical facility that converts uranium yellowcake into uranium hexafluoride, a step in making fuel for use at nuclear power reactors.38,39,40
Coal-fired power plants have been the second-largest electricity providers in Illinois from 2009 until 2023. However, coal's contribution to in-state generation declined significantly from 46% of electricity net generation in 2009 to 15% in 2023, as about 9,000 megawatts of coal-fired generating capacity shut down during that period in response to stricter emissions regulations and economic pressures. About 2,700 megawatts of coal-fired capacity shut down in 2022.41,42,43,44 The state's natural gas-fired generation reached its highest level ever in 2023. Natural gas-fired power plants provided almost 16% of Illinois's electricity net generation in 2023, about four times more than a decade earlier. Wind-powered generation closely followed, accounting for 12% of in-state generation. Other renewables, led by solar power, biomass, and hydropower, accounted for almost all the rest of the state's net generation in 2023.45
About 96% of Illinois households use electric air conditioning, but only one in five Illinois households rely on electricity for home heating.46,47 Electricity retail sales in Illinois do not vary greatly among end-use sectors. The commercial accounts for 35%, the residential sector 33%, and the industrial sector 31% of the state's electricity retail sales. A small amount of electricity goes to the transportation sector for light-rail.48
In July 2024, Illinois had 1,322 public electric vehicle charging locations.49 The largest number of charging locations are around the Chicago area.50 The Illinois Department of Transportation updated the Illinois Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Deployment Plan last year, with a goal to have 1 million electric vehicles in the state by 2030 and expand charging infrastructure through public-private partnerships.51
Coal
Illinois’s estimated recoverable coal reserves are the second largest in the nation.
Illinois has 15% of the nation's economically recoverable coal reserves, second only to Montana, and it is the nation's fourth-largest coal producer after Wyoming, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania.52,53 In 1673, Europeans first discovered coal in North America along the Illinois River, and coal underlies about two-thirds of the state. However, coal was not mined in the state until the early 1800s.54,55 Coal mines in Illinois provide 6% of U.S. total coal production.56
Illinois exports about one-fourth of the coal mined in the state to other countries.57 Typically, about 11 states receive Illinois coal primarily to generate electricity, with Kentucky and Florida receiving the most coal.58 Illinois produces only bituminous coal, which has a high sulfur content. Many electric utilities burn that coal in combination with lower sulfur coal from other regions to meet federal Clean Air Act emissions regulations.59,60,61 Coal from Illinois is transported to other states mainly by rail and truck.62 Illinois consumes about one-fourth of the coal mined in the state, most of which is used in the electric power sector.63,64 Nearly all the coal that Illinois receives from other states comes from Wyoming by rail and is also used for electric power generation.65 Industrial and coking plants account for one-tenth of the state's coal consumption.66
Petroleum
Illinois has the fourth-largest crude oil-refining capacity of any state.
Illinois is a major crude oil-refining state. Its 4 refineries can collectively process about 1 million barrels of crude oil per calendar day into petroleum products, the largest refining capacity in the Midwest and the fourth largest in the nation after Texas, Louisiana, and California.67,68 The largest refinery in the state is the Wood River refinery, located in southwest Illinois close to the Mississippi River near St. Louis, Missouri. It can process 356,000 barrels of crude oil per calendar day.69,70 Another refinery operates in southern Illinois, and two more operate in northeastern Illinois. The state's refineries process domestic crude oil, as well as Canadian and other imported crude oils, into motor gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, and other petroleum products.71,72,73,74
The state's crude oil reserves and production are modest.75,76 Most of the producing wells in Illinois are located in the Illinois Basin in the southern half of the state.77 Oil exploration in Illinois began in the 1860s, but commercial production did not occur until 1905. Since the 1860s, tens of thousands of wells have been drilled in the state. Crude oil production in Illinois peaked in 1940, reaching almost 150 million barrels that year. In 2023, the state's oil production decreased to just under 7 million barrels, the lowest output level since the mid-1930s.78,79 Most of the oil wells in the state are stripper wells that each produce on average less than 2 barrels of crude oil per day.80
Several crude oil and petroleum product pipelines cross Illinois and the state is home to the Patoka Terminal crude oil storage hub, which has 80 storage tanks that can hold more than 19 million barrels.81,82 Illinois has crude oil ports at Chicago on Lake Michigan and at Peoria on the Illinois Waterway, which connects Lake Michigan to the Mississippi River. Both ports also handle small amounts of petroleum product imports.83,84,85
Illinois consumes the sixth most petroleum of any state. The transportation sector accounts for almost three-fourths of Illinois's petroleum consumption, and about two-fifths of the state's petroleum use is motor gasoline.86,87 Reformulated motor gasoline blended with at least 10% ethanol, which reduces smog-forming emissions, is required to be sold in the areas around Chicago in northeastern Illinois and around the St. Louis, Missouri, suburbs in southwestern Illinois.88,89 There are 282 public fueling stations throughout the state that sell E85, a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. Only California, Minnesota, and Iowa have more E85 refueling stations.90,91 In February 2024, federal regulators approved the sale of gasoline with up 15% ethanol (E15) throughout the year in Illinois and seven other Midwest states starting in 2025. Previously, E15 gasoline was banned during the summertime due to concerns that it caused smog in hotter temperatures.92 Illinois is a busy aviation hub and about one-eighth of petroleum used in the state is jet fuel, making it the fifth-largest consumer of jet fuel among the states.93,94
Nearly one-fourth of the petroleum consumed in Illinois is used in the industrial sector, the state's second-largest petroleum-consuming sector.95 The industrial sector also uses about two-thirds of the hydrocarbon gas liquids (HGLs), including propane, ethane, and ethylene, consumed in Illinois.96 Farmers use propane to dry the state's corn crop after harvest, and industry uses ethane and ethylene as feedstock for making plastics.97,98,99 Overall, Illinois is the fourth-largest HGL-consuming state and HGLs account for about one-tenth of the state's petroleum consumption.100,101 The residential and commercial sectors combined make up 5% of the state's petroleum use. About 5 in 100 Illinois households use petroleum products, mostly propane, for home heating.102 A small amount of petroleum is used in the state's electric power sector.103
Natural gas
Illinois has 11% of total U.S. natural gas underground storage capacity, the second highest among the states.
Illinois has few natural gas reserves and little production. 104,105 However, the state is a major natural gas crossroads, with many interstate natural gas pipelines and two natural gas market hubs.106 Natural gas supplies enter Illinois primarily from Iowa, Indiana, Missouri, and Kentucky. Slightly more than half of the natural gas that enters Illinois continues on to the east through Indiana, to the north via Wisconsin, and to the south through Missouri.107 Some of the natural gas that enters Illinois stays in the state's 28 underground natural gas storage fields, which have a total storage capacity of just over 1 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, the second highest among the states and equivalent to 11% of U.S. total natural gas underground storage capacity.108
Illinois is the eighth-largest natural gas-consuming state in the nation.109 The residential sector accounts for about one-third of the natural gas consumed in the state, the largest share of any sector.110 Almost 8 in 10 Illinois households use natural gas for heating.111 The industrial sector is the second-largest natural gas-consuming sector in Illinois, making up one-fourth of the state's total. The state's commercial sector and electric power sector each account for about one-fifth of natural gas use.112
Renewable energy
In 2023, Illinois ranked fifth in the nation in wind power capacity with about 7,900 megawatts installed.
In 2023, renewable resources generated 14% of Illinois's total in-state electricity generation, more than double the amount generated a decade earlier. Wind is the primary renewable resource used for electric power generation in the state. In 2023, wind power provided 85% of the state's renewable generation and Illinois ranks fifth in the nation in utility-scale (1 megawatt or greater) wind power generating capacity, with about 7,900 megawatts.113,114 About 1,200 megawatts of additional wind power capacity are scheduled to come online by 2026.115 Illinois's best wind energy resources are found in the northern one-third of the state.116
In 2023, Illinois's total solar power generation from both utility-scale facilities (1 megawatt or larger in capacity) and small-scale, customer-sited solar panel systems (less than 1 megawatt each) accounted for 13% of the state's renewable electricity. The largest solar power facility in Illinois, the 200-megawatt Prairie Solar Farm, came online in late 2021. About three-fifths of the state's solar generation in 2023 came from utility-scale facilities and the rest was small-scale generation, mostly from rooftop solar panels.117,118 Biomass and hydropower together generated 1% of Illinois's renewable-sourced electricity. Waste and methane gas from municipal landfills fuel nearly all of the state's biomass electricity generation at 12 facilities with 55 megawatts of combined generating capacity.119,120 Illinois has many rivers, but the state's relatively level terrain limits hydroelectric potential. The state's 8 hydroelectric facilities have a total of 33 megawatts of generating capacity.121
Illinois's primary renewable energy product is biofuels. The state is a leading producer of both ethanol and biodiesel, with an annual production capacity of 1.9 billion gallons of ethanol and 192 million gallons of biodiesel. A fertile prairie state, Illinois is a major corn and soybean producer. The state's 13 ethanol plants use corn as feedstock, and the state's 4 biodiesel plants use multiple feedstocks, including soy and corn oils.122,123,124 Illinois's annual ethanol production of 1.4 billion gallons is the third-highest in the nation, after Iowa and Nebraska, and is more than three times larger than the state's annual ethanol consumption of 432 million gallons.125,126 Illinois produces 168 million gallons of biodiesel, the third-highest after Iowa and Missouri. The state is the third-largest consumer of biodiesel at 163 million gallons.127,128
Illinois has a renewable portfolio standard (RPS) that requires all investor-owned electric utilities and alternative retail electricity suppliers to obtain increasing proportions of the power they sell from renewably-sourced generation. In 2021, the RPS target was increased to require that 50% of electricity retail sales come from renewable sources by 2040, replacing the earlier target of 25% by 2026.129,130 The RPS will help Illinois reach its goal for its economy to have net zero carbon emissions by 2050.131
Endnotes
1 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Midwest Census Region, accessed July 31, 2024.
2 U.S. Census Bureau, State Population Totals and Components of Change: 2020-2023, Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023.
3 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Gross Domestic Product by State and Personal Income by State, 1st Quarter 2024," (Press Release), Table 1, Gross Domestic Product by State and Region: Level and Percent Change from Preceding Period, June 28, 2024.
4 U.S. Census Bureau, Illinois: 2020 Census, Population Density in Illinois Counties: 2020.
5 U.S. Census Bureau, QuickFacts, Chicago City, Illinois, estimates as of July 1 ,2023.
6 City of Chicago, Facts & Statistics, accessed July 31, 2024.
7 Federal Aviation Administration, Final CY 2023 Enplanements at Commercial Service Airports, by Rank Order, June 18, 2024.
8 Association of American Railroads, Total Rail Miles by State: 2021.
9 Illinois Section of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Report Card for Illinois Infrastructure 2022, p. 41.
10 U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, FHWA Route Log and Finder list, Table 3: Interstate Routes, updated January 27, 2022.
11 U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Interactive GIS Data Viewer, Layer List: State Mask Illinois, accessed August 29, 2024.
12 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 14, Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines by State, 2022 and 2021.
13 Illinois Department of Natural Resources, About Oil And Gas in Illinois, accessed August 1, 2024.
14 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Tables 1.3.B, 1.9.B, 1.14.B.
15 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Quick Stats, 2023 State Agriculture Overview Illinois.
16 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Data Products, Farm Income and Wealth Statistics, Cash receipts by commodity State ranking, 2022, Nominal (current dollar), all commodities.
17 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Quick Stats, 2023 State Agriculture Overview Illinois.
18 U.S. EIA, U.S. Fuel Ethanol Plant Production Capacity, U.S. Fuel Ethanol Plant Count by State, 2024, map.
19 U.S. EIA, U.S. Fuel Ethanol Plant Production Capacity (August 15, 2024), Detailed annual production capacity by plant is available in XLSX.
20 U.S. EIA, U.S. Biodiesel Plant Production Capacity (August 15, 2024), Detailed annual production capacity by plant is available in XLSX format.
21 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Illinois, Rankings: Total Energy Production, 2022 (trillion Btu).
22 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C11, Total Energy Consumption Estimates by End-Use Sector, Ranked by State, 2022.
23 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Interactive Data, Regional Data, GDP & Personal Income, Annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State, SAGDP2 GDP in Current Dollars, NAICS, Illinois, All Statistics in Table, 2023.
24 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C11, Total Energy Consumption Estimates by End-Use Sector, Ranked by State, 2022.
25 Angel, Jim, "Climate of Illinois Narrative," Illinois State Water Survey, State Climatologist Office for Illinois, accessed August 7, 2024.
26 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table C14, Total Energy Consumption Estimates per Capita by End-Use Sector, Ranked by State, 2022.
27 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Table 1.3.B.
28 U.S. EIA, Illinois Electricity Profile 2022, Table 10, Supply and disposition of electricity, 1990 through 2022.
29 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Tables 1.9.B.
30 U.S. EIA, U.S. Nuclear Generation and Generating Capacity, Capacity and Generation by State and Reactor, Current Data, 2024 P, available in XLSX format.
31 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
32 U.S. EIA, Illinois Electricity Profile 2022, Table 2A, Ten largest plants by capacity, 2022, Illinois, and Table 2B, Ten largest plants by generation, 2022, Illinois.
33 U.S. EIA, "Two nuclear power plants in northern Illinois reversed plans to retire early," Today in Energy (October 28, 2021).
34 Office of the Governor, Illinois, Illinois Takes Bold Climate Action, accessed August 9, 2024.
35 Constellation Energy Corporation, Byron Clean Energy Center, and Dresden Clean Energy Center, accessed August 9, 2024.
36 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of July 2024, Plant State: Illinois, Technology: Nuclear.
37 U.S. EIA, "Five states have implemented programs to assist nuclear power plants," Today in Energy (October 7, 2019).
38 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Nuclear Materials, Fuel Cycle Facilities, Uranium Conversion, updated December 2, 2020, and Honeywell, accessed August 9, 2024.
39 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "NRC Approves License for Honeywell Uranium Conversion Facility," No: 20-018 (March 25, 2020).
40 U.S. EIA, Nuclear explained, updated October 26, 2023.
41 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
42 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of July 2024, and Inventory of Retired Generators as of July 2024, Plant State: Illinois, Technology: Conventional Steam Coal.
43 Joyce, Stephen, "Illinois Governor Signs Bill Shutting Coal Plants for Good (1)," Bloomberg Law (September 15, 2021).
44 U.S. EIA, "U.S. coal-fired electricity generation decreased in 2022 and 2023," Today in Energy (May 10, 2024).
45 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
46 U.S. EIA, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), 2020 RECS Survey Data, State Data, Housing characteristics, Highlights for air conditioning in U.S. homes by state, 2020.
47 U.S. Census Bureau, Home Heating Fuel, Table B25040, 2022 ACS 1-Year Estimates Detailed Tables, Illinois.
48 U.S. EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Retail sales of electricity (million kilowatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
49 U.S. EIA, Monthly Energy Review (August 2024), Appendix F monthly state file, XLS.
50 U.S. Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Charging Station Locations, Illinois, accessed August 28, 2024.
51 Illinois Department of Transportation, Illinois Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Deployment Plan-2023 Update (August 1, 2023).
52 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 15, Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines, Estimated Recoverable Reserves, and Demonstrated Reserve Base by Mining Method, 2022.
53 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 6, Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 2022.
54 Illinois Mine Subsidence Insurance Fund, History of Mining in Illinois, accessed August 9, 2024.
55 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2010 Keystone Coal Industry Manual - Coal Geology of Illinois, accessed August 28, 2024.
56 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 6, Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 2022.
57 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Distribution Report (October 3, 2023), Domestic and foreign U.S. coal distribution by origin State.
58 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Distribution Report (October 3, 2023), Domestic distribution of U.S. coal by origin State, consumer, destination and method of transportation, Illinois, Table OS-5, Domestic Coal Distribution by Origin State, 2022.
59 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 6, Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 2022.
60 The Engineering ToolBox, Classification of Coal, Typical Sulfur Content in Coal, accessed July 21, 2023.
61 U.S. EIA, Coal Explained, Coal and the environment, updated April 17, 2024.
62 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Distribution Report (October 3, 2023), Domestic distribution of U.S. coal by destination State, consumer, destination and method of transportation, Illinois, Table DS-11, Domestic Coal Distribution, by Destination State, 2022.
63 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Distribution Report (October 3, 2023), Domestic and foreign U.S. coal distribution by origin State, Illinois, Table OS-5, Domestic Coal Distribution, by Origin State, 2022.
64 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 6, Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 2022.
65 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Distribution Report (October 3, 2023), Domestic distribution of U.S. coal by destination State, consumer, destination and method of transportation, Illinois, Table DS-11, Domestic Coal Distribution, by Destination State, 2022.
66 U.S. EIA, Annual Coal Report (October 3, 2023), Table 26, U.S. Coal Consumption by End Use Sector, Census Division, and State, 2022 and 2021.
67 U.S. EIA, Number and Capacity of Petroleum Refineries, Data Series: Total Number of Operable Refineries, Annual (as of January 1), 2019-24.
68 U.S. EIA, Number and Capacity of Petroleum Refineries, Data Series: Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillation Operable Capacity (B/CD), Annual (as of January 1), 2019-24.
69 U.S. EIA, Refinery Capacity Report (June 14, 2024), Table 3, Capacity of Operable Petroleum Refineries by State and Individual Refinery as of January 1, 2024.
70 Phillips 66 Company, Wood River Refinery, accessed August 13, 2024.
71 U.S. EIA, Refinery Capacity Report (Jun 14, 2024), Table 3, Capacity of Operable Petroleum Refineries by State and Individual Refinery as of January 1, 2024.
72 ExxonMobil Corporation, Joliet operations, accessed August 13, 2024.
73 Marathon Petroleum Corporation, Robinson Refinery, accessed August 13, 2024.
74 Citgo Petroleum Corporation, Lemont Refinery, Accessed August 13, 2024.
75 U.S. EIA, Crude Oil Production, Annual-Thousand Barrels, 2018-23.
76 U.S. EIA, Crude Oil Proved Reserves, Reserves Changes, and Production, Proved Reserves as of 12/31, Annual, 2016-21.
77 Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Oil and Gas Resources, accessed August 13, 2024.
78 Illinois Petroleum Resources Board, Illinois History, Annual Illinois Oil Production: 1905-2021.
79 U.S. EIA, Crude Oil Production, Annual-Thousand Barrels, Illinois, 2018-23.
80 Illinois Department of Natural Resources, About Oil and Gas in Illinois, accessed August 13, 2024.
81 Pipeline 101, Where Are Liquids Pipelines Located?, accessed August 13, 2024.
82 Energy Transfer LP, Facts About the Patoka Terminal in Illinois and the Dakota Access Pipeline, updated March 4, 2020.
83 U.S. EIA, Petroleum and Other Liquids, Company Level Imports, data available in XLSX, updated July 31, 2024.
84 Illinois Department of Transportation, Waterway System, accessed August 14, 2024.
85 Illinois Department of Transportation, Illinois Public Port Districts & IDOT Ferry Locations, accessed August 14, 2024.
86 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F16, Total Petroleum Consumption Estimates, 2022.
87 U.S. EIA, State Energy Consumption Estimates 1960 through 2022, Table C2, Energy Consumption Estimates for Selected Energy Sources in Physical Units, 2022.
88 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gasoline Standards, Reformulated Gasoline, updated October 17, 2023.
89 Southern States Energy Board, U.S. Gasoline Requirements, updated January 2018.
90 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center, Ethanol Blends, accessed August 14, 2024.
91 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Alternative Fueling Station Counts by State, accessed August 14, 2024.
92 "EPA Approves Year-Round Sales of Higher Ethanol Blend for Illinois, 7 Other Midwest States," Associated Press (February 23, 2024).
93 U.S. EIA, State Energy Consumption Estimates 1960 through 2022, Table C2, Energy Consumption Estimates for Selected Energy Sources in Physical Units, 2022.
94 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F2, Jet Fuel Consumption, Price, and Expenditure Estimates, 2022.
95 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F15, Total Petroleum Consumption Estimates, 2022.
96 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F11, Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids Consumption Estimates, 2022.
97 U.S. EIA, "Propane Use for Crop Drying Depends on Weather and Corn Markets as well as Crop Size," Today in Energy (October 2, 2014).
98 U.S. EIA, Hydrocarbon gas liquids explained, Uses of hydrocarbon gas liquids, updated December 26, 2023.
99 U.S. EIA, "U.S. ethane exports set a monthly record in March 2023," Today in Energy (June 12, 2023).
100 U.S. EIA, State Energy Consumption Estimates 1960 through 2022, Table C2, Energy Consumption Estimates for Selected Energy Sources in Physical Units, 2022.
101 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F11, Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids Consumption Estimates, 2022.
102 U.S. Census Bureau, Home Heating Fuel, Table B25040, 2022 ACS 1-Year Estimates Detailed Tables, Illinois.
103 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F16, Total Petroleum Consumption Estimates, 2022.
104 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Reserves Summary as of Dec. 31, 2016-21.
105 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Production, Marketed Production, Annual-Million Cubic Feet, 2018-23.
106 U.S. EIA, U.S. Energy Atlas, Energy Infrastructure and Resources Map, Natural Gas, Illinois, accessed August 15, 2024.
107 U.S. EIA, International and Interstate Movements of Natural Gas by State (Million Cubic Feet), Illinois, Annual, 2017-22.
108 U.S. EIA, Underground Natural Gas Storage Capacity, Total Number of Existing Fields and Total Storage Capacity, Annual, 2017-22.
109 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Consumption by End Use, Total Consumption, Annual, 2018-23.
110 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Consumption by End Use, Illinois, Annual, 2018-23.
111 U.S. Census Bureau, Home Heating Fuel, Table B25040, 2022 ACS 1-Year Estimates Detailed Tables, Illinois.
112 U.S. EIA, Natural Gas Consumption by End Use, Illinois, Annual, 2018-23.
113 U.S. EIA, Electricity Energy Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
114 U.S. EIA, Electric Power Monthly (February 2024), Table 6.2.B.
115 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Planned Generators as of July 2024, Plant State: Illinois, Technology: Onshore Wind Turbine.
116 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, WINDExchange, Wind Energy in Illinois, Maps & Data, accessed August 16, 2024.
117 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of July 2024 and Inventory of Planned Generators as of July 2024, Plant State: Illinois, Technology: Solar Photovoltaic.
118 U.S. EIA, Electricity Energy Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
119 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of July 2024, Plant State: Illinois, Technology: Landfill Gas, Other Waste Biomass.
120 U.S. EIA, Electricity Energy Browser, Net generation for all sectors (thousand megawatthours), Illinois, Annual, 2001-23.
121 U.S. EIA, Electricity, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (based on Form EIA-860M as a supplement to Form EIA-860), Inventory of Operating Generators as of July 2024, Plant State: Illinois, Technology: Conventional Hydroelectric.
122 U.S. EIA, U.S. Fuel Ethanol Plant Production Capacity (August 15, 2024), Detailed nameplate capacity of fuel ethanol plants by Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD District) are available in XLSX.
123 U.S. EIA, U.S. Biodiesel Plant Production Capacity (August 15, 2024), Detailed annual production capacity by plant is available in XLSX format.
124 U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2023 State Agricultural Overview, Illinois.
125 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table P4B, Primary Energy Production Estimates, Biofuels, in Thousand Barrels, Ranked by State 2022.
126 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F25, Fuel Ethanol Consumption Estimates, 2022.
127 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table P4B, Primary Energy Production Estimates, Biofuels, in Thousand Barrels, Ranked by State 2022.
128 U.S. EIA, State Energy Data System, Table F26, Biodiesel Consumption Estimates, 2022.
129 NC Clean Energy Technology Center, DSIRE, Renewable Portfolio Standard, Illinois, updated November 3, 2023.
130 U.S. EIA, "Five states updated or adopted new clean energy standards in 2021," Today in Energy (February 1, 2022).
131 Illinois Department of Natural Resources, IDNR Climate Action Plan, accessed August 16, 2024.
Other Resources
Energy-Related Regions and Organizations
- Coal Region: Interior
- Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD): 2
- Regional Transmission Organization (RTO) and Independent System Operator (ISO): Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO), PJM Interconnection (PJM)
- North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) ERO Enterprise: Regional Entities: Reliability First Corporation (RFC), SERC Reliability Corporation (SERC)
Other Websites
- Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity, Home Weatherization
- Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Oil and Gas Resource Management
- Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity, Utility Bill Assistance
- Illinois Power Agency (IPA)
- Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Illinois Mining and Minerals
- Illinois Commerce Commission
- EIA Illinois Flickr Album
- Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity, Community Assistance, Energy Efficiency and Infrastructure
- Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Energy
- University of Illinois, Smart Energy Design Assistance Center
- Illinois State Geological Survey
- Alternative Fuels Data Center, Federal and State Laws and Incentives
- Usa.Gov, Get help with energy bills
- NC Clean Energy Technology Center, Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency (DSIRE)
- National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC)
- National Association of State Energy Officials (NASEO)
- National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), Energy
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Geospatial Data Science Data and Tools
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Publications
- Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission (IOGCC)
- Midwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (MEEA)
- Southeastern Power Administration
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Office of Community Services, An Office of the Administration for Children & Families, Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
- EIA Status of U.S. Nuclear Outages
- U.S. Geological Survey, Maps
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energy Flow Charts
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, State and Local Planning for Energy (SLOPE)
- EIA Natural Gas Storage Dashboard
- EIA Energy Disruptions
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Rural Development, Energy Programs
