Modeling Distributed Electricity Generation in the NEMS Buildings Models-Table 1

Table 1. Installed Cost and Electrical Conversion Efficiency for Distributed Generation Technologies
by Year of Introduction, 2000-2020

Technology	2000-2004		2005-2009		2010-2014		2015-2020
Technology	Cost (1998 Dollars per Kilowatt)	Efficiency (Percent)	Cost (1998 Dollars per Kilowatt)	Efficiency (Percent)	Cost (1998 Dollars per Kilowatt)	Efficiency (Percent)	Cost (1998 Dollars per Kilowatt)	Efficiency (Percent)
PV	5,529	14	4,158	16	3,178	18	2,426	20
Fuel Cell	3,625	40	3,000	40	2,425	40	1,725	40
Gas Turbine	900	29	900	29	900	29	900	29
Gas Engine	900	35	900	35	900	35	900	35
Gas Microturbine	800	27	700	27	700	27	700	27
Conventional Oil	500	33	500	33	500	33	500	33
Note: Fuel cells are not yet available in sizes and configurations appropriate for the residential sector. The first marketed units are expected around 2003. Sources: Solar PV: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Electric Power Research Institute, Renewable Energy Technology Characterizations, EPRI-TR-109496 (Washington, DC, December 1997). Technologies other than Fuel Cells and Solar PV: Electric Power Research Institute, Quantifying the Market for Distributed Resource Technologies, EPRI-TR-111962 (Palo Alto, CA, December 1998). Fuel Cells: Energy Information Administration, Technology Forecast Updates—Residential and Commercial Building Technologies—Advanced Adoption Case (Arthur D. Little, Inc., September 1998).