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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Table C21. Electricity consumption and conditional energy intensity by building size, 2012

Released: May 2016

Total electricity
consumption
(billion kWh)
Total floorspace of
buildings using electricity
(million square feet)
Electricity
energy intensity
(kWh/square foot)
  1,001 to
10,000
square
feet
10,001 to
100,000
square
feet
Over
100,000
square feet
1,001 to
10,000
square
feet
10,001 to
100,000
square
feet
Over
100,000
square feet
1,001 to
10,000
square
feet
10,001 to
100,000
square
feet
Over
100,000
square feet
All buildings 244 500 500 15,981 38,841 30,046 15.2 12.9 16.6
Principal building activity                  
Education 8 68 59 744 6,067 5,427 10.5 11.1 10.8
Food sales 31 27 Q 557 562 Q 55.3 47.5 Q
Food service 70 12 N 1,429 390 N 48.7 31.0 N
Health care 7 29 71 510 1,209 2,437 14.0 24.1 29.1
Inpatient N 10 64 N 282 2,092 N 35.5 30.4
Outpatient 7 19 7 510 927 345 14.0 20.6 20.8
Lodging 4 43 42 299 2,739 2,788 14.2 15.7 15.0
Mercantile 28 92 86 1,773 5,379 4,168 16.0 17.1 20.7
Retail (other than mall) 16 30 36 1,336 2,435 1,659 12.1 12.3 21.9
Enclosed and strip malls 12 62 50 436 2,944 2,510 27.8 21.2 19.9
Office 37 96 120 3,183 6,547 6,221 11.7 14.6 19.4
Public assembly 10 34 36 1,034 2,596 1,929 10.0 13.1 18.7
Public order and safety 4 9 9 331 557 552 10.7 16.4 15.8
Religious worship 7 14 Q 1,362 2,953 Q 5.1 4.8 Q
Service 17 17 Q 2,047 2,185 Q 8.5 7.9 Q
Warehouse and storage 14 30 40 2,034 5,690 4,845 6.8 5.2 8.2
Other 5 26 25 391 913 667 13.1 28.2 37.5
Vacant 1 3 3 288 1,054 356 4.2 3.1 9.0
Year constructed                  
Before 1920 11 11 10 1,073 1,717 1,011 10.2 6.5 9.8
1920 to 1945 16 22 26 1,325 2,530 2,012 11.9 8.7 13.1
1946 to 1959 19 36 30 1,614 3,395 2,199 11.7 10.7 13.6
1960 to 1969 29 62 55 1,860 4,945 3,394 15.7 12.6 16.4
1970 to 1979 32 70 68 1,960 4,828 3,768 16.6 14.5 18.1
1980 to 1989 43 89 102 2,739 6,350 5,701 15.6 14.0 17.9
1990 to 1999 43 84 86 2,459 5,843 4,816 17.7 14.3 17.8
2000 to 2003 16 45 50 1,017 3,116 3,060 16.2 14.5 16.2
2004 to 2007 16 42 39 999 3,363 2,124 15.9 12.4 18.5
2008 to 2012 18 38 33 935 2,755 1,963 19.3 13.8 16.8
Census region and division                  
Northeast 29 80 112 2,180 6,634 6,478 13.2 12.0 17.3
New England 10 22 18 894 2,083 1,215 11.6 10.6 14.9
Middle Atlantic 18 57 94 1,285 4,551 5,263 14.3 12.6 17.8
Midwest 47 104 99 3,530 8,536 6,494 13.2 12.1 15.3
East North Central 31 68 75 2,044 5,607 4,892 15.2 12.2 15.4
West North Central 16 35 24 1,486 2,928 1,602 10.5 12.1 15.0
South 113 224 193 6,460 15,174 11,392 17.5 14.8 17.0
South Atlantic 59 118 109 3,116 7,883 6,608 19.0 15.0 16.6
East South Central 18 31 21 1,182 2,243 1,398 15.4 13.9 15.1
West South Central 36 75 62 2,161 5,048 3,385 16.6 14.8 18.5
West 55 93 95 3,812 8,498 5,682 14.4 10.9 16.8
Mountain 16 22 29 983 2,062 1,766 16.2 10.9 16.2
Pacific 39 70 67 2,828 6,436 3,916 13.8 10.9 17.0
Climate region1                  
Very cold/Cold 73 175 171 5,787 14,575 10,924 12.6 12.0 15.7
Mixed-humid 84 159 172 5,079 11,714 10,629 16.6 13.6 16.2
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 36 58 59 2,518 5,694 3,531 14.2 10.1 16.7
Hot-humid 45 92 84 2,199 5,652 4,151 20.5 16.2 20.2
Marine 5 16 14 398 1,207 811 13.8 13.0 17.4
Number of floors                  
One 187 244 114 11,454 18,676 7,923 16.3 13.1 14.4
Two 43 138 77 3,406 11,454 5,068 12.8 12.1 15.3
Three 11 57 42 915 4,512 2,675 11.8 12.6 15.6
Four to nine 2 58 170 206 4,127 9,085 10.8 14.2 18.7
Ten or more N Q 97 N Q 5,296 N Q 18.3
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any elevators 5 161 373 357 10,752 20,832 14.4 15.0 17.9
Number of elevators                  
One 5 93 49 334 6,794 3,992 13.9 13.7 12.3
Two to five Q 68 154 Q 3,936 8,753 Q 17.2 17.6
Six or more N Q 170 N Q 8,087 N Q 21.0
Any escalators N 2 64 N 98 3,543 N 18.6 18.2
Number of workers (main shift)                  
Fewer than 5 91 40 3 8,248 6,359 922 11.0 6.2 3.5
5 to 9 67 42 2 4,154 4,337 478 16.2 9.7 5.1
10 to 19 59 68 6 2,586 6,203 834 22.7 10.9 6.8
20 to 49 27 153 40 986 10,964 2,564 27.1 14.0 15.6
50 to 99 Q 122 91 Q 7,445 6,024 Q 16.4 15.2
100 to 249 N 66 119 N 3,157 7,784 N 20.9 15.3
250 or more N 9 237 N 376 11,439 N 23.4 20.8
Weekly operating hours                  
Fewer than 40 16 15 4 2,908 3,080 560 5.5 4.9 7.0
40 to 48 43 72 40 4,277 7,962 3,498 10.0 9.0 11.5
49 to 60 48 110 81 3,927 10,571 5,927 12.2 10.4 13.6
61 to 84 48 108 93 2,058 7,725 6,017 23.5 14.0 15.4
85 to 167 54 84 62 1,297 3,882 4,185 41.5 21.7 14.8
Open continuously 34 111 220 1,514 5,621 9,859 22.7 19.8 22.3
Ownership and occupancy                  
Nongovernment owned 221 383 384 14,147 29,692 21,781 15.6 12.9 17.6
Owner occupied 114 173 169 7,732 13,765 8,824 14.7 12.6 19.1
Leased to tenant(s) 92 169 137 5,264 11,745 8,800 17.4 14.4 15.6
Owner occupied and leased 15 40 78 993 3,736 4,091 14.9 10.7 19.0
Unoccupied 0 1 Q 158 445 Q 2.6 2.0 Q
Government owned 23 117 116 1,834 9,150 8,265 12.5 12.8 14.0
Federal Q Q 16 Q Q 1,074 Q Q 14.5
State 4 37 39 330 2,581 2,611 13.0 14.3 15.1
Local 18 74 61 1,402 6,171 4,580 12.5 12.0 13.2
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems
                 
Building owner 194 401 434 13,474 32,440 25,749 14.4 12.3 16.9
Business owner or tenant 43 85 54 2,169 5,417 3,548 19.9 15.7 15.2
Property management 2 7 9 118 529 598 18.6 12.8 15.8
Other 4 7 Q 220 456 Q 17.9 16.3 Q
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases
                 
Building owner 200 419 443 13,867 33,997 26,282 14.4 12.3 16.8
Business owner or tenant 35 65 41 1,698 3,728 2,735 20.7 17.6 15.2
Property management 2 3 7 82 315 483 23.2 10.2 13.9
Other 7 12 9 333 801 546 20.7 15.0 15.8
Number of establishments                  
One 196 325 256 12,685 25,597 16,202 15.4 12.7 15.8
2 to 5 42 95 112 2,788 7,655 7,312 15.1 12.4 15.3
6 to 10 5 38 28 293 2,582 1,437 16.9 14.6 19.3
11 to 20 Q 31 37 Q 1,819 1,815 Q 17.1 20.5
More than 20 N 10 66 N 659 3,136 N 15.3 21.1
Currently unoccupied 0 1 Q 172 529 Q 2.4 2.0 Q
Predominant exterior wall material                  
Brick, stone, or stucco 122 259 215 6,493 19,763 13,353 18.8 13.1 16.1
Concrete (block or poured) 51 134 137 3,147 9,185 8,072 16.2 14.6 17.0
Concrete panels 6 39 75 490 2,973 4,984 12.2 13.2 15.1
Siding or shingles 37 24 Q 2,743 2,285 536 13.4 10.5 20.1
Metal panels 24 33 22 2,922 3,858 1,275 8.4 8.4 17.4
Window glass Q 4 26 Q 250 1,062 Q 16.3 24.9
Other Q Q 7 Q Q 407 Q Q 18.2
No one major type Q Q 6 Q Q 358 Q Q 15.6
Predominant roof material                  
Metal surfacing 61 71 37 5,204 7,247 2,573 11.7 9.8 14.5
Synthetic or rubber 48 159 214 2,290 11,290 12,034 21.2 14.1 17.8
Built-up 37 130 170 2,002 9,472 9,832 18.7 13.7 17.2
Slate or tile shingles 24 20 15 1,264 1,858 1,100 18.6 10.8 13.6
Wooden materials (including
shingles)
8 4 Q 523 435 Q 15.6 9.2 Q
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles
62 98 37 4,477 7,476 2,726 13.8 13.1 13.4
Concrete Q 11 16 Q 537 914 Q 21.0 17.8
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type Q Q 4 Q Q 449 Q Q 8.6
Roof characteristics                  
Roof tilt                  
Flat 102 316 381 4,932 21,893 21,920 20.8 14.4 17.4
Shallow pitch Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Steeper pitch Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cool roof 41 105 179 1,937 7,164 10,278 21.2 14.6 17.4
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any type of renovation 96 244 308 6,027 17,927 17,959 15.9 13.6 17.2
Addition or annex 18 74 112 1,223 5,242 6,505 15.0 14.2 17.2
Reduction in floorspace 6 6 24 254 437 1,042 21.8 14.7 22.7
Roof replacement 42 113 174 2,832 8,303 9,631 14.9 13.6 18.1
Exterior wall replacement 8 21 41 558 1,546 2,117 14.4 13.9 19.2
Interior wall reconfiguration 41 119 197 2,512 8,620 10,118 16.3 13.8 19.5
Window replacement 24 65 88 1,598 5,389 5,264 14.8 12.0 16.6
HVAC equipment upgrade 51 145 236 3,060 10,777 12,812 16.7 13.5 18.4
Lighting upgrade 52 140 217 2,760 9,742 12,912 18.8 14.4 16.8
Electrical upgrade 36 80 149 2,167 6,145 7,776 16.6 13.0 19.1
Plumbing system upgrade 35 73 115 1,897 5,556 6,354 18.3 13.1 18.0
Insulation upgrade 20 43 64 1,111 3,245 3,196 17.6 13.1 19.9
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 32 89 161 1,752 6,452 8,959 18.3 13.8 18.0
Structural upgrade 7 22 40 429 1,574 1,909 16.6 13.8 20.9
Other Q Q 8 Q Q 442 Q Q 17.0
No renovations 130 217 159 9,019 18,160 10,125 14.4 12.0 15.7
Buildings constructed 2008 or later 18 38 33 935 2,755 1,963 19.3 13.8 16.8
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)
                 
Electricity 244 500 500 15,981 38,841 30,046 15.2 12.9 16.6
Natural gas 148 365 390 8,575 26,906 23,244 17.3 13.6 16.8
Fuel oil 14 103 265 1,163 5,435 13,602 11.7 19.0 19.5
District heat Q 16 86 Q 1,048 4,878 Q 15.0 17.6
District chilled water Q 13 71 Q 901 3,643 Q 14.4 19.4
Propane 20 46 44 1,700 3,086 2,899 11.8 15.0 15.1
Other 5 20 25 471 1,572 1,758 10.9 12.6 14.1
Space-heating energy sources                  
Electricity 149 334 291 8,569 23,280 17,181 17.4 14.4 16.9
Electricity main 106 191 142 5,631 13,195 7,378 18.9 14.4 19.3
Electricity secondary 43 144 149 2,938 10,085 9,803 14.5 14.2 15.2
Other excluding electricity 78 151 194 5,695 13,489 11,838 13.7 11.2 16.4
Buildings without heating 17 14 15 1,717 2,072 1,027 9.6 6.7 14.3
Primary space-heating
energy source
                 
Electricity 106 191 142 5,631 13,195 7,378 18.9 14.4 19.3
Natural gas 105 257 250 6,851 19,975 16,161 15.3 12.9 15.5
Fuel oil 5 11 7 609 1,257 676 8.2 9.0 10.9
District heat Q 16 84 Q 1,048 4,711 Q 15.0 17.8
Propane 8 8 Q 937 933 Q 8.4 9.1 Q
Other 2 3 Q 197 361 Q 8.2 7.7 Q
Cooling energy sources                  
Electricity 228 477 454 13,359 35,444 27,231 17.0 13.5 16.7
Other excluding electricity Q 11 44 Q 795 2,397 Q 13.7 18.3
Buildings without cooling 14 11 2 2,553 2,603 419 5.6 4.4 4.5
Water-heating energy sources                  
Electricity 128 269 252 8,230 19,572 14,953 15.6 13.7 16.8
Other excluding electricity 97 220 243 5,109 16,899 14,253 19.0 13.0 17.0
Buildings without water heating 18 11 5 2,643 2,370 841 6.8 4.6 5.5
Cooking energy sources                  
Electricity 75 148 230 2,976 9,460 12,715 25.3 15.7 18.1
Other excluding electricity 49 82 116 1,830 5,402 6,163 27.0 15.1 18.8
Buildings without cooking 119 270 154 11,175 23,979 11,168 10.6 11.3 13.8
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)
                 
Buildings with space heating 227 486 485 14,264 36,770 29,019 15.9 13.2 16.7
Buildings with cooling 229 488 498 13,428 36,239 29,627 17.1 13.5 16.8
Buildings with water heating 226 489 495 13,338 36,472 29,205 16.9 13.4 16.9
Buildings with cooking 125 230 346 4,806 14,862 18,878 26.0 15.5 18.3
Buildings with manufacturing 12 33 22 826 2,638 1,614 14.2 12.4 13.8
Buildings with electricity
generation
16 149 324 917 7,180 17,545 17.8 20.8 18.5
Percent of floorspace heated                  
Not heated 17 14 15 1,717 2,072 1,027 9.6 6.7 14.3
1 to 50 24 38 36 2,323 5,016 2,776 10.4 7.5 13.1
51 to 99 37 88 109 2,248 6,174 6,224 16.6 14.2 17.5
100 166 361 340 9,694 25,580 20,019 17.1 14.1 17.0
Percent of floorspace cooled                  
Not cooled 14 11 2 2,553 2,603 419 5.6 4.4 4.5
1 to 50 37 70 47 3,679 9,554 5,657 10.0 7.3 8.2
51 to 99 47 147 188 2,673 9,522 10,532 17.4 15.4 17.8
100 146 272 263 7,076 17,162 13,438 20.6 15.8 19.6
Percent lit when open                  
Zero 1 Q Q 240 Q Q 2.8 Q Q
1 to 50 34 55 24 3,559 6,665 2,405 9.5 8.3 10.1
51 to 99 82 223 221 4,984 16,289 13,541 16.4 13.7 16.3
100 126 220 253 6,625 15,184 13,917 19.0 14.5 18.2
Building never open/electricity
not used
1 1 Q 573 639 Q 2.0 1.9 Q
Percent lit during off hours                  
Zero 85 95 52 8,255 11,757 4,734 10.2 8.1 11.0
1 to 50 131 338 315 6,866 24,296 19,591 19.0 13.9 16.1
51 to 100 18 50 97 600 2,041 4,285 30.4 24.5 22.5
Building always open with
no "off hours"
10 16 36 260 748 1,435 39.5 21.3 25.1
Electricity not used N N N N N N N N N
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Heat pumps 32 80 68 1,906 5,784 4,155 16.6 13.8 16.4
Furnaces 34 53 19 2,508 4,714 1,433 13.6 11.3 13.2
Individual space heaters 39 107 125 3,757 8,898 8,096 10.3 12.1 15.5
District heat Q 16 85 Q 1,048 4,839 Q 15.0 17.6
Boilers 16 130 204 1,129 9,652 11,657 13.8 13.4 17.5
Packaged heating units 155 335 282 8,431 23,972 16,785 18.3 14.0 16.8
Other 3 23 12 159 886 525 20.3 26.3 22.4
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Residential-type central air
conditioners
75 87 24 5,318 7,804 1,643 14.2 11.2 14.5
Heat pumps 37 83 68 2,177 6,148 4,214 17.2 13.6 16.2
Individual air conditioners 23 64 73 1,999 5,416 5,005 11.5 11.8 14.6
District chilled water Q 13 71 Q 901 3,643 Q 14.4 19.4
Central chillers Q 87 240 Q 4,449 12,484 Q 19.5 19.2
Packaged air conditioning units 119 308 299 5,236 21,729 18,188 22.7 14.2 16.4
Swamp coolers 5 11 12 292 864 763 18.7 13.0 15.7
Other Q Q 7 Q Q 265 Q Q 27.4
Main equipment replaced since
1990 (more than one may apply)
                 
Heating 88 172 128 5,739 13,465 8,353 15.3 12.7 15.3
Cooling 98 183 164 6,043 14,166 10,493 16.2 12.9 15.6
Water-heating equipment                  
Centralized system 181 303 244 10,637 22,855 14,043 17.0 13.3 17.3
Distributed system 24 74 60 1,901 6,205 4,581 12.6 12.0 13.0
Combination of centralized and
distributed system
21 111 192 800 7,412 10,581 25.6 15.0 18.1
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)
                 
Incandescent 86 221 305 5,370 15,993 17,044 16.0 13.8 17.9
Standard fluorescent 227 483 487 14,055 36,814 29,212 16.2 13.1 16.7
Compact fluorescent 120 334 435 6,555 23,389 23,873 18.4 14.3 18.2
High-intensity discharge (HID) 20 133 230 1,109 8,653 13,635 17.6 15.3 16.9
Halogen 44 174 261 2,431 11,448 14,179 17.9 15.2 18.4
LED 28 125 262 1,061 7,613 13,397 26.8 16.4 19.6
Other Q Q 6 Q Q 293 Q Q 19.3
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Any refrigeration 212 454 483 12,013 33,246 28,386 17.6 13.7 17.0
Walk-in units 105 186 316 2,142 9,277 16,942 49.0 20.0 18.6
Cases or cabinets 94 184 305 2,483 9,809 16,427 37.8 18.7 18.6
Large cold storage areas 8 32 58 156 1,248 2,767 52.2 25.4 21.0
Commercial ice makers 85 215 353 2,100 11,717 18,918 40.4 18.4 18.6
Residential-type or compact units 135 371 405 10,311 28,259 23,811 13.1 13.1 17.0
Vending machines 33 287 423 1,784 17,672 24,480 18.3 16.2 17.3
No refrigeration 32 45 16 3,968 5,596 1,660 8.0 8.1 9.8
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)
                 
Desktop computers 204 482 491 11,924 35,779 29,360 17.1 13.5 16.7
With flat screen monitors 199 476 491 11,435 35,422 29,303 17.4 13.4 16.8
With multiple monitors 44 179 299 2,424 12,296 16,226 18.4 14.6 18.5
Laptop computers 118 393 456 7,905 28,847 26,734 15.0 13.6 17.1
Dedicated servers 86 347 436 4,641 23,333 25,395 18.5 14.9 17.2
Laser printers 115 349 393 6,677 24,644 22,934 17.2 14.1 17.1
Inkjet printers 119 209 196 6,979 16,716 12,540 17.0 12.5 15.7
FAX machines 154 427 449 9,355 30,661 26,667 16.4 13.9 16.8
Photocopiers 77 375 456 5,688 27,050 26,539 13.5 13.9 17.2
Number of desktop computers                  
None 40 17 Q 4,057 3,062 686 9.9 5.6 Q
1 to 4 121 76 8 6,942 7,402 1,324 17.4 10.3 6.0
5 to 9 50 70 13 2,966 5,430 1,026 17.0 12.8 13.1
10 to 19 19 81 30 1,346 6,179 1,863 13.9 13.1 15.9
20 to 49 11 124 75 636 7,902 4,556 17.8 15.7 16.4
50 to 99 Q 64 55 Q 4,563 3,694 Q 13.9 14.9
100 to 249 Q 53 105 Q 3,571 6,152 Q 15.0 17.1
250 or more N 15 206 N 732 10,745 N 20.0 19.1
Number of laptop computers                  
None 125 106 43 8,075 9,995 3,312 15.5 10.7 13.1
1 to 4 99 132 42 6,543 11,397 3,221 15.1 11.6 13.1
5 to 9 13 73 40 994 5,079 2,273 13.5 14.4 17.4
10 to 19 6 67 58 297 4,518 3,528 19.0 14.8 16.5
20 to 49 Q 69 84 Q 4,587 4,985 Q 15.0 16.9
50 to 99 N 33 52 N 1,937 3,297 N 17.3 15.8
100 to 249 N 11 79 N 982 4,235 N 11.2 18.7
250 or more N Q 101 N Q 5,197 N Q 19.4
Number of dedicated servers                  
None 158 153 63 11,339 15,509 4,651 13.9 9.9 13.6
1 to 4 82 263 152 4,525 18,595 10,976 18.1 14.2 13.8
5 to 9 Q 41 58 Q 2,446 3,712 Q 16.8 15.5
10 to 19 Q 22 87 Q 1,266 4,425 Q 17.2 19.7
20 to 49 Q 17 53 Q 822 2,928 Q 20.7 18.1
50 or more Q Q 87 Q Q 3,354 Q Q 25.9
Number of photocopiers                  
None 167 124 44 10,293 11,792 3,507 16.2 10.5 12.5
One 53 118 44 4,197 9,634 3,250 12.5 12.2 13.6
2 to 4 23 169 101 1,380 12,031 6,902 16.3 14.0 14.6
5 to 9 Q 56 87 Q 3,485 5,312 Q 16.1 16.4
10 or more Q 32 224 Q 1,900 11,075 Q 17.0 20.2
Number of TVs or video displays                  
None 91 99 34 7,722 10,674 3,718 11.7 9.3 9.1
One 56 51 13 3,854 4,899 1,237 14.5 10.5 10.7
2 to 4 62 126 48 3,217 9,910 3,338 19.3 12.7 14.3
5 to 9 26 67 57 908 4,218 3,021 28.6 16.0 18.8
10 to 19 6 65 75 180 3,919 4,069 33.9 16.7 18.5
20 to 49 Q 50 88 Q 2,983 5,010 Q 16.7 17.5
50 to 99 Q 22 55 Q 1,169 3,177 Q 18.8 17.2
100 or more N 19 130 N 1,070 6,477 N 17.4 20.1
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)
                 
Snack bar or concession stand 14 37 140 378 1,958 7,549 37.3 19.0 18.5
Fast food or small restaurant 18 64 142 438 2,666 6,684 41.9 24.1 21.2
Cafeteria or large restaurant Q 58 201 Q 4,268 10,913 Q 13.6 18.4
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area
8 101 182 536 5,763 9,850 15.3 17.6 18.5
Small kitchen area 28 71 105 2,297 5,931 5,826 12.0 12.0 17.9
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)
                 
Data center or server farm Q 43 192 Q 1,941 9,058 Q 22.1 21.2
Computer-based training room 6 91 203 325 5,568 11,831 18.5 16.3 17.2
Student or public computer center 4 72 127 356 5,710 8,276 10.7 12.7 15.3
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)
                 
Economizer cycle 27 178 334 1,118 11,110 18,521 24.0 16.0 18.0
Regular HVAC maintenance 174 445 490 9,050 31,653 28,541 19.2 14.0 17.2
Building automation system (BAS)2 31 225 413 1,601 13,348 22,101 19.6 16.9 18.7
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)
                 
Multipaned windows 150 373 407 8,864 27,482 23,384 16.9 13.6 17.4
Tinted window glass 96 282 340 5,153 19,825 19,421 18.7 14.2 17.5
Reflective window glass 25 107 169 1,519 6,598 7,720 16.5 16.2 21.9
External overhangs or awnings 115 218 217 5,723 14,634 11,705 20.1 14.9 18.5
Skylights or atriums 19 105 208 1,527 8,212 12,337 12.6 12.7 16.8
Light scheduling 52 193 296 2,401 12,227 15,635 21.7 15.8 18.9
Occupancy sensors 35 227 347 1,699 14,108 20,064 20.7 16.1 17.3
Multi-level lighting or dimming 19 99 155 813 5,480 8,240 23.0 18.1 18.8
Daylight harvesting 4 32 74 225 1,963 3,927 15.9 16.1 18.7
Demand responsive lighting 8 32 39 494 1,997 2,246 16.8 16.0 17.6
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting2 10 82 147 423 4,003 7,641 23.8 20.4 19.3
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)
                 
Heating 165 360 367 11,219 28,994 22,935 14.7 12.4 16.0
Cooling 165 363 375 10,666 28,578 23,272 15.5 12.7 16.1
Lighting 223 466 447 14,552 36,182 27,860 15.3 12.9 16.1
Annual consumption
(kilowatthours)
                 
10,000 or less 4 0 Q 2,289 787 Q 1.7 0.3 Q
10,001 to 50,000 43 6 Q 6,754 3,589 Q 6.4 1.8 Q
50,001 to 100,000 48 14 Q 3,399 3,880 Q 14.1 3.6 Q
100,001 to 500,000 122 157 4 3,294 16,126 1,892 37.1 9.7 2.1
500,001 to 1,000,000 21 135 9 210 8,065 1,775 98.3 16.8 4.9
1,000,001 to 5,000,000 Q 175 198 Q 6,259 14,446 Q 28.0 13.7
Over 5,000,000 N Q 289 N Q 11,442 N Q 25.2
   
1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
Notes: • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See the
Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ • Site electricity is the amount of electricity delivered to commercial builidngs. Primary electricity, which is not included in the Total of major fuelscategory, is site electricity plus the conversion losses in the generation, transmission, and distribution processes. • Statistics for the Energy end uses category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. • HVAC = Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-871A and E of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.