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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Table C34. Fuel oil consumption and expenditure intensities, 2012

Released: May 2016

Fuel oil consumption Fuel oil expenditures
  per
building
(gallons)
per
square foot
(gallons)
per
worker
(gallons)
per building
(thousand
dollars)
per
square foot
(dollars)
per
gallon
(dollars)
All buildings 2,087 0.05 38.0 6.9 0.16 3.32
Building floorspace (square feet)            
1,001 to 5,000 740 0.25 190.3 2.6 0.86 3.45
5,001 to 10,000 1,011 0.13 159.7 3.4 0.45 3.39
10,001 to 25,000 2,179 0.13 101.5 7.3 0.44 3.36
25,001 to 50,000 2,607 0.07 64.3 8.4 0.22 3.24
50,001 to 100,000 4,325 0.06 47.7 14.2 0.20 3.27
100,001 to 200,000 7,620 0.05 39.1 24.0 0.16 3.15
200,001 to 500,000 5,551 0.02 14.7 18.6 0.06 3.35
Over 500,000 14,515 0.02 11.5 48.8 0.05 3.36
Principal building activity            
Education 6,763 0.09 123.6 21.7 0.30 3.20
Food sales Q Q Q Q Q Q
Food service Q Q Q Q Q Q
Health care 6,075 0.05 28.4 19.0 0.16 3.12
Inpatient 13,711 0.05 28.6 42.4 0.16 3.09
Outpatient Q 0.05 Q Q 0.16 3.24
Lodging 2,206 0.03 49.6 7.4 0.10 3.34
Mercantile 1,574 0.06 70.5 5.5 0.22 3.51
Retail (other than mall) 1,434 0.12 Q 5.1 0.41 3.55
Enclosed and strip malls Q Q Q Q Q 3.38
Office 1,533 0.02 10.9 5.2 0.08 3.42
Public assembly 1,758 0.03 49.5 5.9 0.10 3.34
Public order and safety 497 0.02 14.2 1.7 0.06 3.51
Religious worship 1,656 0.10 238.1 5.7 0.34 3.44
Service 1,385 0.16 219.8 4.6 0.54 3.33
Warehouse and storage 1,474 0.02 50.5 5.0 0.07 3.37
Other 2,545 0.10 110.0 8.7 0.33 3.42
Vacant Q Q Q Q Q Q
Year constructed            
Before 1920 2,133 0.11 125.3 7.1 0.36 3.35
1920 to 1945 2,368 0.07 49.3 8.0 0.25 3.39
1946 to 1959 2,505 0.09 83.4 8.1 0.28 3.22
1960 to 1969 1,923 0.06 51.2 6.4 0.20 3.33
1970 to 1979 2,043 0.05 27.6 6.6 0.15 3.24
1980 to 1989 2,260 0.03 21.4 7.6 0.10 3.38
1990 to 1999 1,918 0.03 25.3 6.4 0.10 3.36
2000 to 2003 2,175 0.05 44.4 7.3 0.17 3.36
2004 to 2007 1,215 0.01 15.2 4.1 0.05 3.36
2008 to 2012 1,736 0.04 30.7 5.5 0.13 3.15
Census region and division            
Northeast 3,008 0.11 79.8 9.9 0.35 3.29
New England 2,994 0.18 184.4 9.7 0.60 3.25
Middle Atlantic 3,023 0.07 48.8 10.1 0.24 3.34
Midwest 1,400 0.03 22.4 4.8 0.09 3.41
East North Central 1,521 0.03 21.4 5.2 0.09 3.40
West North Central 1,222 0.03 24.7 4.2 0.10 3.41
South 1,277 0.02 19.5 4.2 0.08 3.32
South Atlantic 1,706 0.03 22.6 5.6 0.09 3.28
East South Central 722 0.03 22.5 2.5 0.09 3.41
West South Central 863 0.02 11.5 2.9 0.05 3.40
West 1,128 0.02 11.7 3.9 0.05 3.42
Mountain Q 0.01 12.8 Q 0.04 3.38
Pacific 987 0.02 11.3 3.4 0.06 3.43
Climate region1            
Very cold/Cold 2,189 0.07 60.7 7.3 0.25 3.32
Mixed-humid 2,391 0.04 33.7 7.9 0.14 3.32
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 811 0.01 8.8 2.8 0.04 3.44
Hot-humid 1,189 0.02 12.2 3.7 0.05 3.13
Marine 1,084 0.01 7.5 3.7 0.04 3.44
Number of floors            
One 1,193 0.07 78.4 3.9 0.24 3.30
Two 2,208 0.07 69.7 7.4 0.23 3.36
Three 2,887 0.08 76.7 9.6 0.26 3.32
Four to nine 5,455 0.03 23.7 17.9 0.11 3.28
Ten or more 6,786 0.01 8.3 22.7 0.05 3.35
Number of workers (main shift)            
Fewer than 5 1,060 0.15 546.4 3.6 0.52 3.38
5 to 9 887 0.09 141.3 3.0 0.31 3.41
10 to 19 1,838 0.11 140.4 6.0 0.35 3.26
20 to 49 2,766 0.07 90.0 9.2 0.22 3.34
50 to 99 3,891 0.05 58.8 13.0 0.16 3.35
100 to 249 5,453 0.04 37.8 17.8 0.13 3.26
250 or more 7,694 0.02 10.2 24.8 0.06 3.22
Weekly operating hours            
Fewer than 40 1,207 0.13 218.0 4.1 0.45 3.44
40 to 48 1,544 0.07 61.5 5.1 0.24 3.28
49 to 60 1,782 0.05 26.8 5.9 0.15 3.33
61 to 84 2,919 0.05 35.7 9.7 0.15 3.34
85 to 167 2,128 0.03 40.3 7.0 0.11 3.29
Open continuously 3,146 0.04 32.9 10.4 0.13 3.30
Ownership and occupancy            
Nongovernment owned 1,815 0.05 35.5 6.1 0.16 3.35
Owner occupied 1,846 0.07 58.3 6.2 0.22 3.34
Leased to tenant(s) 1,576 0.04 21.7 5.3 0.12 3.38
Owner occupied and leased 2,743 0.03 21.1 9.3 0.09 3.37
Unoccupied Q Q N Q Q Q
Government owned 3,070 0.05 44.7 9.9 0.16 3.23
Federal Q Q Q Q Q 3.31
State 2,649 0.03 27.1 8.5 0.09 3.22
Local 3,026 0.07 61.5 9.8 0.22 3.23
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems
           
Building owner 2,130 0.05 37.9 7.1 0.16 3.31
Business owner or tenant 1,700 0.05 48.1 5.7 0.16 3.33
Property management Q 0.02 9.2 Q 0.05 3.47
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases
           
Building owner 2,143 0.05 38.2 7.1 0.16 3.31
Business owner or tenant 1,599 0.04 37.2 5.4 0.14 3.35
Property management 2,803 0.03 27.0 9.6 0.12 3.43
Other 1,315 0.05 41.7 4.5 0.17 3.44
Number of establishments            
One 2,008 0.06 55.0 6.6 0.21 3.31
2 to 5 2,015 0.04 30.6 6.6 0.12 3.29
6 to 10 5,561 0.04 21.9 18.3 0.14 3.30
11 to 20 1,765 0.01 4.7 6.0 0.03 3.39
More than 20 6,690 0.02 9.5 23.9 0.06 3.58
Currently unoccupied Q Q N Q Q Q
Predominant exterior wall material            
Brick, stone, or stucco 2,762 0.05 37.4 9.1 0.16 3.28
Concrete (block or poured) 1,923 0.05 42.4 6.4 0.15 3.34
Concrete panels 4,192 0.02 12.4 13.3 0.05 3.17
Siding or shingles 1,429 0.14 131.9 4.9 0.48 3.41
Metal panels 1,344 0.08 77.9 4.5 0.28 3.37
Window glass 4,168 0.02 8.2 13.7 0.06 3.28
Other 1,677 0.03 Q 5.3 0.08 3.17
No one major type Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant roof material            
Metal surfacing 1,349 0.08 88.0 4.5 0.28 3.37
Synthetic or rubber 2,774 0.04 29.1 9.2 0.12 3.33
Built-up 3,655 0.04 27.3 11.9 0.13 3.27
Slate or tile shingles 1,820 0.04 35.4 6.5 0.16 3.60
Wooden materials (including
shingles)
Q Q Q Q Q Q
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles
1,404 0.08 61.7 4.7 0.26 3.36
Concrete 7,045 0.04 21.6 18.9 0.10 2.68
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type Q Q Q Q Q Q
Roof characteristics            
Roof tilt            
Flat 2,909 0.03 24.8 9.6 0.11 3.31
Shallow pitch 1,598 0.06 67.7 5.3 0.21 3.32
Steeper pitch 1,632 0.12 118.5 5.4 0.40 3.32
Cool roof 2,983 0.04 30.8 9.9 0.13 3.34
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)
           
Any type of renovation 2,503 0.05 34.5 8.3 0.15 3.31
Addition or annex 3,836 0.05 47.1 12.3 0.17 3.21
Reduction in floorspace Q Q Q Q Q 3.32
Roof replacement 3,058 0.05 41.5 10.1 0.18 3.30
Exterior wall replacement 3,640 0.05 42.1 11.7 0.16 3.22
Interior wall reconfiguration 2,651 0.04 23.6 8.6 0.12 3.25
Window replacement 3,634 0.06 46.2 11.7 0.19 3.23
HVAC equipment upgrade 3,124 0.04 27.7 10.3 0.13 3.29
Lighting upgrade 3,591 0.04 31.7 11.8 0.14 3.29
Electrical upgrade 3,396 0.05 35.5 11.2 0.16 3.28
Plumbing system upgrade 3,503 0.05 35.6 11.8 0.17 3.37
Insulation upgrade 2,836 0.04 32.0 9.4 0.13 3.33
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 3,602 0.04 29.0 11.8 0.14 3.29
Structural upgrade 2,914 0.04 36.9 9.7 0.13 3.34
Other Q Q Q Q Q 3.55
No renovations 1,663 0.05 47.8 5.6 0.18 3.34
Buildings constructed 2008 or later 1,736 0.04 30.7 5.5 0.13 3.15
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)
           
Electricity 2,087 0.05 38.0 6.9 0.16 3.32
Natural gas 1,820 0.02 16.7 6.1 0.07 3.36
Fuel oil 2,087 0.05 38.0 6.9 0.16 3.32
District heat 4,605 0.01 10.5 15.7 0.05 3.41
District chilled water 3,924 0.01 11.4 13.3 0.05 3.40
Propane 3,493 0.10 139.6 11.2 0.33 3.21
Other 1,435 0.05 44.0 4.9 0.18 3.41
Space-heating energy sources            
Fuel oil 2,789 0.17 181.0 9.2 0.57 3.30
Fuel oil main 3,480 0.28 357.4 11.5 0.93 3.30
Fuel oil secondary 598 0.02 17.9 2.0 0.07 3.29
Other excluding fuel oil 1,121 0.01 9.9 3.7 0.05 3.34
Buildings without heating 1,155 0.03 32.2 4.6 0.10 4.02
Primary space-heating
energy source
           
Electricity 827 0.02 10.9 2.6 0.05 3.19
Natural gas 1,022 0.01 9.7 3.5 0.04 3.40
Fuel oil 3,480 0.28 357.4 11.5 0.93 3.30
District heat 3,857 0.01 8.8 13.2 0.04 3.43
Propane Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cooling energy sources            
Fuel oil Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other excluding fuel oil 2,205 0.04 31.6 7.3 0.14 3.32
Buildings without cooling 1,519 0.18 377.0 5.1 0.61 3.35
Water-heating energy sources            
Fuel oil 5,595 0.23 266.4 18.1 0.73 3.23
Other excluding fuel oil 1,430 0.03 20.1 4.9 0.09 3.42
Buildings without water heating 1,142 0.13 250.7 3.6 0.40 3.12
Cooking energy sources            
Fuel oil Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other excluding fuel oil 3,313 0.04 32.7 10.9 0.14 3.28
Buildings without cooking 1,409 0.06 47.0 4.7 0.19 3.36
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)
           
Buildings with space heating 2,111 0.05 38.1 7.0 0.16 3.31
Buildings with cooling 2,255 0.04 32.3 7.5 0.14 3.31
Buildings with water heating 2,215 0.05 35.9 7.4 0.15 3.33
Buildings with cooking 3,313 0.04 33.2 10.9 0.14 3.28
Buildings with manufacturing 1,891 0.05 43.4 6.2 0.18 3.27
Buildings with electricity
generation
2,297 0.03 21.6 7.5 0.09 3.28
Percent of floorspace heated            
Not heated 1,155 0.03 32.2 4.6 0.10 4.02
1 to 50 1,067 0.03 67.2 3.4 0.11 3.15
51 to 99 2,283 0.03 24.4 7.6 0.12 3.32
100 2,285 0.05 40.5 7.6 0.18 3.32
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)
           
Heat pumps 1,991 0.03 20.1 6.6 0.10 3.31
Furnaces 1,284 0.06 51.9 4.4 0.21 3.43
Individual space heaters 1,553 0.05 41.2 5.1 0.16 3.31
District heat 4,378 0.01 10.0 14.9 0.05 3.41
Boilers 4,197 0.06 45.6 13.7 0.20 3.25
Packaged heating units 1,541 0.04 29.0 5.2 0.12 3.36
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q
Water-heating equipment            
Centralized system 1,960 0.06 44.4 6.6 0.19 3.37
Distributed system 1,886 0.04 30.3 6.3 0.13 3.32
Combination of centralized and
distributed system
4,374 0.03 23.8 14.1 0.10 3.23
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)
           
Snack bar or concession stand 4,760 0.02 19.8 16.0 0.08 3.36
Fast food or small restaurant 3,176 0.02 12.8 10.6 0.06 3.35
Cafeteria or large restaurant 8,807 0.04 30.7 28.8 0.14 3.27
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area
4,790 0.04 32.0 15.9 0.12 3.31
Small kitchen area 2,756 0.05 38.1 9.1 0.16 3.31
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)
           
Economizer cycle 3,658 0.03 20.8 12.0 0.09 3.28
Regular HVAC maintenance 2,545 0.04 32.5 8.4 0.14 3.31
Building automation system (BAS)2 3,547 0.03 21.5 11.5 0.10 3.24
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)
           
Heating 2,103 0.05 36.1 7.0 0.16 3.32
Cooling 2,229 0.04 30.2 7.4 0.13 3.32
Lighting 2,103 0.05 37.0 7.0 0.16 3.31
Annual consumption
(gallons)
           
1,000 or less 316 0.01 8.3 1.1 0.04 3.54
1,001 to 5,000 2,157 0.05 38.1 7.3 0.17 3.39
5,001 to 10,000 6,522 0.08 62.6 21.3 0.25 3.27
10,001 to 25,000 15,386 0.07 57.6 51.1 0.23 3.32
Over 25,000 54,423 0.19 161.8 174.4 0.62 3.20
   
1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
Notes: • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See the
Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ • Statistics for the Energy end uses category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. • HVAC = Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-871A and F of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.