This TIE was updated on 3/18/24 to correct the units of measurement in the third chart.
U.S. crude oil exports established a record in 2023, averaging 4.1 million barrels per day (b/d), 13% (482,000 b/d) more than the previous annual record set in 2022. Except for 2021, U.S. crude oil exports have increased every year since 2015, when the U.S. ban on most crude oil exports was lifted.
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In 2023, the world produced an estimated 101.8 million barrels per day (b/d) of petroleum and other liquids: mostly crude oil but also lease condensate, natural gas liquids, biofuels, and other liquids from hydrocarbon sources. We expect the global petroleum and other liquids supply to increase by about 0.4 million b/d in 2024 and 2.0 million b/d in 2025. This growth will be driven primarily by rising crude oil production from four countries in the Americas—the United States, Guyana, Canada, and Brazil—which would partially offset near-term voluntary production cuts in 2024 that we expect from countries participating in the OPEC+ agreement.
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Over the last four winters, winter storms Uri (February 2021), Elliott (December 2022), and most recently, Heather (January 2024) interrupted weekly U.S. natural gas production by more than 15 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d), according to daily estimates from S&P Global Commodity Insights. These declines were the largest interruptions to U.S. natural gas production during the past four years. Although the impacts of these disruptions appear more muted over the course of a month, winter storms Uri and Elliott still drove declines in monthly average natural gas production of 3 Bcf/d to 7 Bcf/d.
Read More ›Tags: natural gas, weather, production/supply
U.S. propane exports averaged a record 1.9 million barrels per day (b/d) in December 2023, the highest since we began collecting this data in 1973 in our Monthly Energy Review. Increased exports resulted from the highest propane price spread between the U.S. Gulf Coast and East Asia in a decade due to petrochemical and space heating demand.
Read More ›Tags: international, China, exports/imports, propane, South Korea, Europe, Japan, Mexico
The United States produced more crude oil than any nation at any time, according to our International Energy Statistics, for the past six years in a row. Crude oil production in the United States, including condensate, averaged 12.9 million barrels per day (b/d) in 2023, breaking the previous U.S. and global record of 12.3 million b/d, set in 2019. Average monthly U.S. crude oil production established a monthly record high in December 2023 at more than 13.3 million b/d.
Read More ›Washington State wrapped up its first full year of auctions for tradable emission allowances in December, as the state considers joining an integrated regional greenhouse gas reduction program with California and Québec.
Read More ›Tags: emissions, states, Washington, CO2 (carbon dioxide)
Since early January 2024, U.S. refinery utilization has decreased 11%, falling as low as 81% during the two weeks ending February 9 and February 16, and briefly dropped below the five-year (2019–23) low. Although U.S. retail average prices for gasoline and diesel are below 2023 prices for this time of year, decreasing regional inventories for the major U.S. refining regions increased retail prices for both fuels last month, according to our Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update.
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Updated March 13, 2024 to correct units of measure in chart 2.
U.S. crude oil production averaged 13.3 million barrels per day (b/d) in December 2023, following sustained productivity increases at new wells, according to our latest Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM). U.S. crude oil production has increased to record highs since 2010 and has risen even more quickly in recent months. These record highs have come despite declining U.S. drilling activity because the new wells are more efficient.
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Crude oil processing, or refinery runs, in China averaged 14.8 million barrels per day (b/d) in 2023, an all-time high. The record processing came as the economy and refinery capacity grew in China following the country’s COVID-19 pandemic responses in 2022.
Read More ›Tags: refineries, China, liquid fuels, crude oil, oil/petroleum, refining
The United States was again the largest supplier of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to Europe (EU-27 and the UK) in 2023, accounting for nearly half of total LNG imports, according to data from CEDIGAZ. Last year marks the third consecutive year in which the United States supplied more LNG to Europe than any other country: 27%, or 2.4 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d), of total European LNG imports in 2021; 44% (6.5 Bcf/d) in 2022; and 48% (7.1 Bcf/d) in 2023.
Read More ›The U.S. benchmark Henry Hub daily natural gas price averaged $1.50 per million British thermal units (MMBtu) on February 20, 2024, the lowest price in inflation-adjusted dollars since at least 1997, according to data from Refinitiv Eikon. High natural gas production, low natural gas consumption, and higher natural gas inventories than the previous five-year (2018–22) average contributed to prices declining for much of 2023 and the first two months of 2024.
Read More ›Tags: natural gas, storage, Henry Hub, spot prices, weather, inventories/stocks
The price of compliance credits for biomass-based diesel and ethanol has decreased about 45% since the start of the year, when prices were already the lowest in about three years. The decline in the price of credits, known as renewable identification numbers (RINs), is due primarily to lower costs for agricultural feedstocks relative to petroleum fuels, and we expect prices to remain subdued due to record-high credit generation from the production of renewable diesel.
Read More ›After a volatile 2022, average wholesale electricity prices at most major trading hubs in the Lower 48 states generally declined and traded within more narrow price ranges in 2023, according to data from S&P Global Market Intelligence. Prices decreased primarily because of lower natural gas prices, mild temperatures at the start of the year, reduced average electricity loads in many regional markets, and improved hydroelectric conditions in California and the Southwest.
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Natural gas is the single-largest source of energy used to generate electricity in the United States, making up 43% of electricity generation in 2023. Natural gas-fired power plants accounted for the second-most U.S. generating capacity additions in 2023, trailing only solar. Combined with increasing domestic supply and relatively low natural gas prices, the versatility of natural gas-fired power plants to meet a wide range of requirements across many U.S. markets is one of the main reasons for their growth. However, the dispatchability, efficiency, and broad regional coverage of natural gas-fired power plants vary significantly. In addition, decades of advancements in natural gas turbine efficiency mean that the age of natural gas-fired plants affects how those plants are used.
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U.S. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and ethane exports through the Panama Canal rose in January 2024 with a return to vessel traffic through the shipping channel as drought conditions eased. Transit volumes of LPG and ethane had fallen in late 2023 amid a historic drought at the Panama Canal.
Read More ›Tags: international, liquid fuels, map, oil/petroleum, chokepoints