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State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table CT6. Industrial Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 1960-2021, Alabama

Table CT6. Industrial Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 1960-2021, Alabama






Year



Coal


Natural
Gas a
Petroleum
Hydro-
electric
Power e,f
Biomass




Geo-
thermal f



Solar f,i



Electricity j





End
Use f,k



Electrical
System
Energy
Losses l






Total f,k
Distillate
Fuel Oil

HGL b
Motor
Gasoline c
Residual
Fuel Oil

Other d

Total



Wood and
Waste f,g


Losses
and Co-
products h
Thousand
Short Tons
Billion
Cubic Feet

Thousand Barrels
Million
kWh
Million
kWh
1960 7,904 109 2,511 708 382 2,014 3,765 9,380 26 – – – – – – NA 8,966 – – – – – –
1961 6,660 104 1,773 730 389 1,906 4,341 9,140 25 – – – – – – NA 9,283 – – – – – –
1962 7,006 108 1,856 944 374 1,408 4,660 9,242 24 – – – – – – NA 10,172 – – – – – –
1963 6,729 109 1,766 1,064 369 1,726 5,024 9,949 25 – – – – – – NA 11,080 – – – – – –
1964 7,589 121 2,580 1,230 367 1,228 5,023 10,429 24 – – – – – – NA 12,276 – – – – – –
1965 8,774 132 1,962 1,020 372 945 5,317 9,615 25 – – – – – – NA 13,636 – – – – – –
1966 9,187 134 1,904 1,111 325 673 5,949 9,961 25 – – – – – – NA 14,503 – – – – – –
1967 9,449 155 1,525 1,073 238 1,174 5,799 9,808 25 – – – – – – NA 15,429 – – – – – –
1968 9,753 172 1,775 1,337 238 993 5,475 9,818 25 – – – – – – NA 16,305 – – – – – –
1969 10,338 174 2,222 1,696 236 1,724 6,667 12,545 25 – – – – – – NA 18,014 – – – – – –
1970 11,177 171 2,833 1,696 204 1,611 6,026 12,370 25 – – – – – – NA 18,041 – – – – – –
1971 10,282 164 2,669 1,708 199 1,194 6,479 12,250 25 – – – – – – NA 18,171 – – – – – –
1972 10,733 166 3,737 2,062 194 1,673 6,924 14,590 25 – – – – – – NA 20,184 – – – – – –
1973 9,919 159 4,363 2,166 195 3,586 7,096 17,407 25 – – – – – – NA 21,523 – – – – – –
1974 9,397 160 4,549 2,003 140 4,874 6,510 18,076 25 – – – – – – NA 21,847 – – – – – –
1975 9,288 156 4,475 1,846 198 5,814 6,805 19,138 25 – – – – – – NA 20,473 – – – – – –
1976 8,384 123 6,677 1,818 98 6,856 7,093 22,542 25 – – – – – – NA 23,747 – – – – – –
1977 7,424 137 6,959 2,075 135 7,975 8,338 25,481 24 – – – – – – NA 25,715 – – – – – –
1978 6,969 133 6,892 2,174 101 7,312 8,723 25,202 24 – – – – – – NA 26,958 – – – – – –
1979 8,573 174 4,829 2,900 58 6,701 8,088 22,576 25 – – – – – – NA 28,439 – – – – – –
1980 7,221 171 3,356 1,857 104 3,787 7,619 16,724 24 – – – – – – NA 26,708 – – – – – –
1981 6,187 174 4,544 1,284 164 2,454 8,356 16,802 24 – – – – – – NA 24,835 – – – – – –
1982 5,250 151 3,865 1,563 70 3,647 8,457 17,602 24 – – – – – – NA 19,962 – – – – – –
1983 4,682 133 4,284 1,048 68 1,404 6,801 13,604 24 – – – – – – NA 19,832 – – – – – –
1984 6,007 140 3,391 793 353 938 7,220 12,694 24 – – – – – – NA 24,383 – – – – – –
1985 5,476 138 2,597 1,031 507 96 7,185 11,415 24 – – – – – – NA 24,179 – – – – – –
1986 5,265 122 3,029 1,068 432 556 6,285 11,370 24 – – – – – – NA 24,046 – – – – – –
1987 5,804 123 2,796 1,218 439 564 8,431 13,448 24 – – – – – – NA 25,478 – – – – – –
1988 6,291 147 2,786 1,084 384 699 8,039 12,994 24 – – – – – – NA 26,758 – – – – – –
1989 5,656 155 3,663 1,107 497 342 7,457 13,065 0 – – – – – – NA 27,232 – – – – – –
1990 5,525 156 4,580 901 443 444 6,919 13,287 0 – – – – – – 0 27,618 – – – – – –
1991 5,633 163 4,086 994 408 85 7,863 13,436 0 – – – – – – 0 27,985 – – – – – –
1992 6,433 182 4,067 1,279 435 367 7,372 13,520 0 – – – – – – 0 29,476 – – – – – –
1993 5,474 195 3,831 1,551 583 765 7,427 14,157 0 – – – – – – 0 30,524 – – – – – –
1994 5,646 195 4,488 1,646 634 1,063 7,663 15,494 0 – – – – – – 0 31,919 – – – – – –
1995 5,543 218 4,397 1,670 674 504 7,472 14,716 0 – – – – – – 0 32,847 – – – – – –
1996 5,792 215 5,086 1,330 678 705 8,400 16,199 0 – – – – – – 0 33,523 – – – – – –
1997 5,694 211 4,407 661 719 600 8,255 14,642 0 – – – – – – 0 32,617 – – – – – –
1998 4,846 209 3,726 187 519 613 6,961 12,006 0 – – – – – – 0 33,539 – – – – – –
1999 4,645 220 3,735 1,517 443 594 7,185 13,473 0 – – – – – – 0 34,533 – – – – – –
2000 4,415 216 2,938 1,548 443 1,338 7,445 13,712 0 – – – – – – 0 35,034 – – – – – –
2001 3,877 168 3,212 2,481 1,002 796 7,462 14,953 0 – – – – – – 0 31,949 – – – – – –
2002 3,523 174 3,281 1,290 1,068 1,871 7,901 15,410 0 – – – – – – 0 32,615 – – – – – –
2003 3,703 173 7,025 1,030 1,133 274 8,053 17,515 0 – – – – – – 0 34,017 – – – – – –
2004 3,824 179 6,823 997 1,278 431 9,687 19,216 0 – – – – – – 0 35,595 – – – – – –
2005 3,570 166 6,488 794 1,207 747 10,447 19,682 0 – – – – – – 0 36,279 – – – – – –
2006 3,358 168 5,571 957 1,295 766 10,178 18,767 0 – – – – – – 0 36,281 – – – – – –
2007 3,189 168 4,899 1,459 1,122 814 9,031 17,326 0 – – – – – – 0 36,172 – – – – – –
2008 3,141 160 5,505 722 1,014 1,034 8,875 17,149 0 – – – – – – 0 34,990 – – – – – –
2009 2,316 148 4,173 532 994 320 6,004 12,022 0 – – – – – – 0 29,437 – – – – – –
2010 2,685 162 3,852 550 658 711 6,053 11,823 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 0 32,350 – – – – – –
2011 2,519 171 4,114 522 [R ] 637 1,065 6,181 12,520 0 – – – – – – 0 33,735 – – – – – –
2012 2,674 191 5,229 596 [R ] 487 775 6,084 13,170 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 0 33,751 – – – – – –
2013 2,834 199 4,005 525 [R ] 508 305 5,291 10,634 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 0 33,870 – – – – – –
2014 3,234 204 3,447 471 [R ] 520 349 5,095 9,882 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 0 34,635 – – – – – –
2015 2,554 204 3,781 433 [R ] 844 550 5,190 10,798 [R ] 0 – – – – – – (s) 33,499 – – – – – –
2016 2,358 209 3,964 401 [R ] 855 955 5,271 11,445 [R ] 0 – – – – – – (s) 32,535 – – – – – –
2017 2,263 211 3,557 463 [R ] 861 739 5,514 11,134 [R ] 0 – – – – – – (s) 33,317 – – – – – –
2018 2,174 232 3,965 403 [R ] 885 448 5,144 [R ] 10,845 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 1 33,717 – – – – – –
2019 1,781 230 3,504 498 [R ] 876 572 5,014 [R ] 10,464 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 1 32,603 – – – – – –
2020 1,325 221 [R ] 3,810 510 [R ] 882 405 5,150 [R ] 10,757 [R ] 0 – – – – – – 1 30,757 – – – – – –
2021 1,444 244 3,717 728 869 596 5,046 10,957 0 – – – – – – 1 32,156 – – – – – –
Trillion Btu
1960 209.9 112.8 14.6 2.7 2.0 12.7 23.8 55.7 0.3 23.6 NA NA NA 30.6 432.8 75.7 508.5
1961 176.6 107.7 10.3 2.8 2.0 12.0 27.4 54.5 0.3 25.6 NA NA NA 31.7 396.3 77.0 473.3
1962 185.8 112.3 10.8 3.6 2.0 8.8 29.4 54.6 0.3 26.6 NA NA NA 34.7 414.1 83.4 497.5
1963 178.4 112.0 10.3 4.0 1.9 10.9 31.7 58.8 0.3 27.5 NA NA NA 37.8 414.7 90.4 505.1
1964 201.2 125.3 15.0 4.7 1.9 7.7 31.6 60.9 0.3 29.5 NA NA NA 41.9 459.1 99.5 558.6
1965 232.0 136.0 11.4 3.9 2.0 5.9 33.5 56.7 0.3 32.1 NA NA NA 46.5 503.5 111.1 614.6
1966 242.9 138.1 11.1 4.2 1.7 4.2 37.0 58.2 0.3 34.5 NA NA NA 49.5 523.4 118.6 642.0
1967 249.5 160.1 8.9 4.1 1.2 7.4 36.3 57.9 0.3 35.6 NA NA NA 52.6 555.9 125.7 681.7
1968 256.6 177.6 10.3 5.0 1.3 6.2 34.3 57.1 0.3 40.3 NA NA NA 55.6 587.5 132.7 720.3
1969 272.0 179.4 12.9 6.3 1.2 10.8 41.7 73.0 0.3 41.8 NA NA NA 61.5 627.9 146.6 774.6
1970 291.4 176.5 16.5 6.2 1.1 10.1 37.9 71.8 0.3 41.9 NA NA NA 61.6 643.4 148.9 792.3
1971 265.7 168.9 15.5 6.2 1.0 7.5 40.6 70.9 0.3 44.3 NA NA NA 62.0 612.1 149.5 761.6
1972 277.5 171.0 21.8 7.5 1.0 10.5 43.5 84.2 0.3 49.6 NA NA NA 68.9 651.5 164.9 816.4
1973 256.6 163.8 25.4 7.8 1.0 22.5 44.7 101.4 0.3 50.6 NA NA NA 73.4 646.1 174.3 820.4
1974 242.3 164.5 26.5 7.1 0.7 30.6 40.9 105.9 0.3 49.2 NA NA NA 74.5 636.6 180.3 816.9
1975 238.8 160.0 26.1 6.5 1.0 36.6 42.4 112.6 0.3 46.8 NA NA NA 69.9 628.3 167.6 795.9
1976 218.8 125.9 38.9 6.4 0.5 43.1 44.2 133.2 0.3 50.8 NA NA NA 81.0 610.1 193.9 804.0
1977 192.9 140.4 40.5 7.2 0.7 50.1 51.8 150.4 0.3 53.6 NA NA NA 87.7 625.3 209.7 835.1
1978 181.0 136.7 40.1 7.5 0.5 46.0 54.4 148.5 0.2 54.8 NA NA NA 92.0 613.3 222.7 836.0
1979 222.4 178.8 28.1 10.3 0.3 42.1 50.1 131.0 0.3 55.7 NA NA NA 97.0 685.1 231.6 916.7
1980 187.0 176.3 19.6 6.5 0.5 23.8 47.3 97.7 0.2 124.3 NA NA NA 91.1 676.6 218.9 895.6
1981 159.8 180.4 26.5 4.5 0.9 15.4 52.6 99.8 0.2 131.2 0.0 NA NA 84.7 656.2 198.4 854.6
1982 133.4 158.7 22.5 5.4 0.4 22.9 53.0 104.2 0.2 126.9 0.0 NA NA 68.1 591.6 161.0 752.6
1983 117.9 138.0 25.0 3.6 0.4 8.8 43.0 80.7 0.2 143.3 0.0 NA NA 67.7 547.8 159.1 707.0
1984 153.2 145.0 19.7 2.7 1.9 5.9 45.5 75.7 0.2 146.2 0.0 NA NA 83.2 603.6 189.7 793.3
1985 140.4 143.0 15.1 3.5 2.7 0.6 45.6 67.5 0.2 145.6 0.0 NA NA 82.5 579.2 188.9 768.2
1986 135.4 126.6 17.6 3.7 2.3 3.5 40.2 67.3 0.2 131.7 0.0 NA NA 82.0 543.3 184.1 727.3
1987 150.2 127.1 16.3 4.3 2.3 3.5 53.6 80.0 0.2 129.3 0.0 NA NA 86.9 573.9 192.4 766.3
1988 162.3 151.4 16.2 3.8 2.0 4.4 50.8 77.3 0.2 133.6 0.0 NA NA 91.3 616.2 202.1 818.3
1989 145.9 159.9 21.3 3.9 2.6 2.1 47.4 77.4 0.0 114.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92.9 590.2 214.5 804.7
1990 143.3 160.0 26.7 3.1 2.3 2.8 44.1 79.0 0.0 100.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 94.2 577.2 212.4 789.7
1991 145.5 167.9 23.8 3.4 2.1 0.5 50.5 80.4 0.0 99.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 95.5 588.7 210.0 798.6
1992 165.6 187.0 23.7 4.4 2.3 2.3 47.1 79.9 0.0 105.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.6 638.6 218.9 857.4
1993 141.6 200.9 22.3 5.3 3.0 4.8 47.6 83.1 0.0 135.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 104.1 665.4 225.0 890.4
1994 146.2 200.7 26.1 5.7 3.3 6.7 49.1 90.9 0.0 177.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 108.9 724.3 232.3 956.6
1995 144.1 224.7 25.6 5.8 3.5 3.2 47.9 85.9 0.0 187.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 112.1 754.5 239.1 993.7
1996 150.1 221.8 29.6 4.6 3.5 4.4 53.9 96.0 0.0 174.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 114.4 756.7 242.1 998.7
1997 146.8 219.5 25.7 2.3 3.7 3.8 52.9 88.3 0.0 155.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 111.3 721.5 236.5 958.0
1998 126.7 217.5 21.7 0.6 2.7 3.9 44.5 73.3 0.0 184.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 114.4 716.1 245.7 961.8
1999 121.4 227.4 21.7 5.2 2.3 3.7 45.8 78.8 0.0 191.5 0.0 (s) 0.0 117.8 737.0 252.5 989.5
2000 116.7 225.2 17.1 5.3 2.3 8.4 47.8 80.9 0.0 193.0 0.0 (s) 0.0 119.5 735.3 255.1 990.4
2001 102.1 173.6 18.7 8.5 5.2 5.0 47.2 84.6 0.0 155.2 0.0 (s) 0.0 109.0 624.5 224.9 849.5
2002 92.8 178.7 19.1 4.4 5.6 11.8 49.9 90.7 0.0 153.3 0.0 (s) 0.0 111.3 626.8 230.9 857.7
2003 97.8 178.4 40.9 3.6 5.9 1.7 50.9 102.9 0.0 145.4 0.0 (s) 0.0 116.1 640.6 237.0 877.6
2004 100.5 183.5 39.7 3.4 6.6 2.7 62.1 114.6 0.0 174.1 0.0 (s) 0.0 121.5 694.1 247.8 942.0
2005 90.4 171.1 37.7 2.7 6.3 4.7 66.8 118.2 0.0 169.3 0.0 (s) 0.0 123.8 672.9 258.1 931.0
2006 85.4 172.7 32.3 3.3 6.7 4.8 64.7 111.8 0.0 185.7 0.0 (s) 0.0 123.8 679.4 253.8 933.2
2007 81.4 172.5 28.3 4.9 5.8 5.1 57.1 101.2 0.0 178.2 (s) (s) 0.0 123.4 656.9 258.8 915.7
2008 80.7 164.0 31.8 2.4 5.2 6.5 56.1 102.1 0.0 163.3 (s) (s) 0.0 119.4 629.6 246.5 876.1
2009 59.6 152.1 24.1 1.8 5.1 2.0 37.4 70.3 0.0 129.5 (s) (s) 0.0 100.4 512.0 199.2 711.2
2010 68.8 164.1 22.2 2.1 3.3 4.5 37.7 69.8 0.0 143.8 0.0 (s) 0.0 110.4 557.0 217.2 774.2
2011 65.0 173.5 23.7 2.0 3.2 6.7 38.5 74.2 0.0 156.9 0.0 (s) 0.0 115.1 584.6 [R ] 219.5 804.1
2012 72.9 193.8 30.2 2.3 2.5 4.9 37.9 77.7 0.0 160.6 (s) (s) 0.0 115.2 620.2 215.4 835.6
2013 76.4 202.0 23.1 2.0 2.6 1.9 33.0 62.6 [R ] 0.0 174.6 (s) (s) 0.0 115.6 631.3 219.1 850.5
2014 87.3 207.9 19.9 1.8 2.6 2.2 31.8 58.3 [R ] 0.0 164.5 (s) (s) 0.0 118.2 636.3 224.8 861.1
2015 69.5 209.6 21.8 1.7 4.3 3.5 32.4 63.5 [R ] 0.0 157.9 (s) (s) (s) 114.3 614.8 [R ] 208.8 823.7
2016 64.6 214.1 22.8 1.5 [R ] 4.3 6.0 33.4 68.1 [R ] 0.0 156.9 (s) (s) (s) 111.0 614.8 198.9 813.7
2017 62.8 216.7 20.5 1.8 4.4 4.6 34.6 65.9 0.0 162.3 (s) (s) (s) 113.7 621.4 206.3 [R ] 827.7 [R ]
2018 59.9 238.8 22.8 1.5 [R ] 4.5 2.8 32.3 63.9 [R ] 0.0 162.7 (s) (s) (s) 115.0 640.4 [R ] 205.6 [R ] 846.0 [R ]
2019 48.8 236.4 20.2 1.9 [R ] 4.4 3.6 31.4 61.5 [R ] 0.0 163.2 (s) (s) (s) 111.2 621.2 [R ] 198.9 [R ] 820.1 [R ]
2020 36.7 227.3 [R ] 21.9 2.0 4.5 2.5 32.3 [R ] 63.2 [R ] 0.0 158.3 (s) (s) (s) 104.9 590.6 [R ] 184.6 [R ] 775.2 [R ]
2021 39.5 251.6 21.4 2.8 4.4 3.7 31.8 64.1 0.0 164.8 (s) (s) (s) 109.7 629.9 195.5 825.4
aIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. jElectricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service
providers.
bHydrocarbon gas liquids, include natural gas liquids and refinery olefins. kBeginning in 1980, adjusted for the double-counting of supplemental gaseous fuels, which are included in both
natural gas and the other fossil fuels from which they are mostly derived, but should be counted only once in End Use and
Total. For 1981 through 1992, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline
column. Beginning in 2009, includes a small amount of wind energy consumed by industrial utility-scale facilities.
cBeginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. There is a discontinuity in this time series
between 2014 and 2015 because of coverage. See Technical Notes, Section 4.
lIncurred in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity plus plant use and unaccounted for electrical
system energy losses. Pre-1990 estimates are not comparable to those for later years. See Section 6 of Technical Notes
for an explanation of changes in methodology.
dIncludes asphalt and road oil, kerosene, lubricants, petroleum coke, and the “other petroleum products” category. See
Technical Notes, Section 4.
kWh = Kilowatthours. – – = Not applicable. NA = Not available.
eConventional hydroelectric power. For 1960 through 1989, includes hydroelectric pumped-storage, which cannot be
separately identified.
Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Physical unit value less than 0.5 or Btu value less than 0.05.
fThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of renewable
energy sources beginning in 1989.
Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The industrial sector includes
industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants. · The continuity of these data series
estimates may be affected by the changing data sources and estimation methodologies. See the Technical Notes for each
type of energy.
gWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
hLosses and co-products from the production of biodiesel and fuel ethanol. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes.
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/
iSolar thermal and photovoltaic energy. Excludes a small amount of solar thermal energy consumed as heat that is
included in the residential sector.