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Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table ET1. Primary Energy, Electricity, and Total Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2021, California

Table ET1. Primary Energy, Electricity, and Total Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2021, California







Year
Primary Energy


Electric
Power
Sector i,k,l





Electricity m




Total
Energy h,i,j
Coal

Natural
Gas a
Petroleum

Nuclear
Fuel
Biomass


Total h,i,j,k
Coking
Coal
Steam
Coal

Total
Distillate
Fuel Oil b

HGL c
Jet
Fuel d
Motor
Gasoline e
Residual
Fuel Oil

Other f

Total
Wood and
Waste g,h
Prices in Dollars per Million Btu
1970 0.43 0.96 0.46 0.56 1.26 1.80 0.73 2.80 0.38 1.59 1.80 0.19 1.39 1.21 0.34 4.76 1.74
1971 0.47 0.55 0.47 0.62 1.37 1.86 0.77 2.84 0.60 1.70 1.85 0.19 1.40 1.27 0.41 5.01 1.81
1972 0.52 0.64 0.52 0.65 1.28 1.92 0.77 2.79 0.74 1.80 1.88 0.19 1.42 1.31 0.49 5.36 1.91
1973 0.61 0.59 0.61 0.72 1.55 2.19 0.91 3.08 0.91 1.88 2.03 0.18 1.45 1.48 0.67 5.88 2.13
1974 1.29 1.02 1.29 0.92 2.69 2.97 1.57 4.47 1.93 2.84 3.22 0.12 1.54 2.27 1.33 7.94 3.03
1975 1.38 0.92 1.32 1.25 2.97 3.16 2.04 4.84 2.38 2.84 3.56 0.21 1.55 2.61 1.82 8.71 3.47
1976 1.51 1.16 1.43 1.55 3.10 3.36 2.33 5.04 2.25 2.85 3.61 0.28 1.57 2.82 1.98 9.48 3.80
1977 1.58 1.26 1.47 1.91 3.12 4.09 2.62 5.33 2.29 3.04 3.73 0.28 1.62 3.04 2.15 11.36 4.27
1978 1.70 1.40 1.59 2.03 3.13 4.51 2.86 5.48 2.43 3.22 3.94 0.29 1.65 3.27 2.28 12.39 4.58
1979 1.74 1.61 1.69 2.47 4.53 4.85 3.78 7.47 3.01 4.39 5.22 0.37 1.88 4.18 2.66 12.43 5.54
1980 1.97 1.82 1.91 3.54 6.62 6.12 6.21 10.19 4.49 6.51 7.42 0.49 2.74 5.95 3.99 17.16 7.71
1981 2.26 2.06 2.16 3.88 7.64 6.60 7.56 11.33 5.94 8.93 8.82 0.85 3.32 6.84 4.64 18.89 8.84
1982 2.07 2.31 2.19 4.70 7.41 7.99 7.37 10.82 6.03 8.24 8.85 0.77 3.19 7.10 5.02 21.85 9.30
1983 2.37 2.37 5.31 6.88 8.66 6.61 8.96 5.57 8.32 7.80 1.07 3.18 6.75 4.79 20.79 8.85
1984 2.40 2.40 5.42 6.67 7.86 6.28 8.74 5.31 8.10 7.51 1.11 3.38 6.51 4.35 20.94 8.75
1985 2.26 2.26 5.01 6.67 9.93 6.01 8.68 4.75 8.17 7.46 0.96 3.30 6.20 3.80 22.90 8.90
1986 2.26 2.26 4.02 5.33 10.05 3.99 6.68 2.71 8.09 5.75 0.97 3.13 4.88 2.29 23.21 7.78
1987 2.09 2.09 3.77 5.96 9.98 4.04 6.95 2.61 8.16 5.94 0.99 3.12 4.84 2.21 22.70 7.67
1988 1.94 1.94 4.05 5.85 9.83 3.84 7.08 2.31 7.83 5.88 0.90 3.16 4.93 2.34 23.42 7.87
1989 1.88 1.88 4.00 6.55 9.20 4.50 7.66 2.68 7.01 6.37 0.85 1.70 5.09 2.31 24.91 8.29
1990 1.89 1.89 4.20 7.50 10.64 5.76 8.57 3.66 7.18 7.31 0.72 1.38 5.63 2.25 25.98 9.04
1991 1.82 1.82 4.34 7.35 11.27 4.80 8.18 2.57 7.28 6.97 0.67 1.44 5.43 2.02 27.70 9.14
1992 1.67 1.67 3.97 7.58 11.17 4.53 9.19 1.86 7.28 7.62 0.55 1.30 5.54 1.91 28.38 9.63
1993 1.68 1.68 4.02 7.78 11.74 4.50 9.14 2.03 7.25 7.54 0.44 1.11 5.56 2.01 28.50 9.58
1994 1.70 1.70 4.13 7.59 11.44 4.03 9.13 2.03 7.04 7.31 0.47 2.48 5.50 1.92 28.78 9.61
1995 1.66 1.66 4.22 7.78 11.08 4.15 9.27 2.14 6.88 7.40 0.43 2.53 5.69 1.69 29.15 9.68
1996 1.66 1.66 4.32 8.63 11.36 4.96 10.03 2.10 6.86 8.09 0.44 2.13 6.11 1.77 27.85 9.97
1997 1.70 1.70 4.69 8.41 11.43 4.71 10.27 3.34 7.16 8.47 0.45 1.47 6.40 2.05 28.04 10.36
1998 1.67 1.67 4.39 7.21 10.63 3.38 9.01 2.11 6.52 7.29 0.45 1.44 5.60 1.84 26.23 9.32
1999 1.63 1.63 4.25 8.29 10.79 4.26 10.52 4.25 6.39 8.52 0.42 1.31 6.24 1.91 26.38 10.04
2000 1.57 1.57 6.54 10.43 13.99 6.91 12.55 6.24 6.75 10.49 0.45 2.12 8.21 4.21 27.81 12.05
2001 1.46 1.46 8.78 9.53 15.52 5.83 12.27 5.30 7.15 10.13 0.43 2.39 8.87 6.72 32.90 13.00
2002 1.71 1.71 5.10 9.22 13.79 5.40 11.19 5.78 7.15 9.42 0.49 2.62 7.17 2.64 35.81 12.07
2003 1.71 1.71 7.04 10.70 15.72 6.55 13.78 5.90 8.75 11.53 0.46 3.07 8.97 3.67 34.59 13.83
2004 1.82 1.82 7.61 13.66 17.90 9.33 16.30 6.31 9.20 13.89 0.47 3.56 10.59 4.21 33.33 15.17
2005 1.91 1.91 9.57 17.55 21.40 12.85 18.96 5.63 10.51 16.56 0.44 4.08 12.81 5.22 34.15 17.46
2006 2.16 2.16 8.83 19.57 24.20 15.04 21.47 7.29 12.90 18.82 0.45 4.38 13.92 4.67 37.66 19.40
2007 2.47 2.47 8.61 20.58 26.25 16.19 23.34 8.20 14.03 20.22 0.47 6.85 14.53 4.95 37.62 20.15
2008 2.67 2.67 10.07 26.35 30.45 22.24 26.96 16.39 16.90 24.93 0.48 4.10 17.50 5.79 36.69 23.25
2009 2.66 2.66 6.38 17.23 24.64 12.50 20.56 12.57 21.28 18.18 0.54 4.26 12.43 3.28 38.89 18.68
2010 2.94 2.94 6.97 22.32 28.06 16.17 24.76 15.32 28.53 22.58 0.58 4.72 14.99 3.60 38.23 21.23
2011 3.13 3.13 7.08 28.91 32.29 22.51 30.51 20.92 28.31 28.48 0.67 5.04 18.16 3.29 38.35 24.55
2012 3.05 3.05 5.72 29.96 26.38 22.88 32.24 23.28 32.81 29.89 0.73 4.44 18.29 3.22 39.75 25.17
2013 3.39 3.39 6.52 29.29 27.51 [R ] 21.87 31.08 22.36 31.25 28.98 0.71 4.46 18.20 3.89 42.01 25.15
2014 3.43 3.43 7.37 28.31 29.56 [R ] 20.37 29.99 21.60 32.01 28.04 0.65 4.80 18.24 4.51 44.49 25.65
2015 3.57 3.57 6.18 20.77 19.99 [R ] 12.21 25.47 11.63 29.15 22.06 0.65 3.35 14.71 3.10 45.30 22.14
2016 3.38 3.38 6.60 18.28 19.00 [R ] 9.82 22.01 8.44 25.39 18.81 0.65 3.10 13.31 2.88 44.74 20.16
2017 3.78 3.78 7.22 21.21 23.45 12.00 24.37 11.94 26.01 [R ] 21.12 0.67 3.11 15.06 3.25 47.17 21.97
2018 3.53 3.53 7.42 26.78 25.40 15.67 28.09 14.93 28.98 [R ] 25.02 0.68 3.13 [R ] 17.42 3.68 48.70 24.45 [R ]
2019 3.41 3.41 7.81 26.96 21.26 [R ] 14.76 29.10 14.06 30.40 [R ] 25.24 [R ] 0.67 3.37 17.72 3.17 49.60 24.68 [R ]
2020 3.54 3.54 7.82 22.85 19.05 9.82 24.79 10.25 27.08 [R ] 21.70 [R ] 0.65 2.52 [R ] 14.81 [R ] 2.74 52.86 23.65 [R ]
2021 3.60 3.60 9.86 28.78 28.51 14.39 32.46 15.48 30.64 28.12 0.71 3.24 19.77 4.46 57.75 28.43
Expenditures in Million Dollars
1970 25.6 2.7 28.2 1,126.7 283.0 96.3 242.7 3,149.1 161.1 245.9 4,178.2 6.7 55.8 5,395.5 -282.1 1,886.6 7,000.0
1971 23.6 0.3 23.8 1,264.8 374.0 100.3 268.5 3,274.0 296.5 271.2 4,584.4 7.4 57.3 5,937.8 -347.4 2,104.4 7,694.8
1972 24.3 0.2 24.5 1,362.5 340.6 94.4 273.2 3,406.5 358.5 293.9 4,767.1 6.4 61.9 6,222.5 -459.3 2,418.5 8,181.7
1973 40.4 0.2 40.6 1,399.7 460.7 126.5 320.8 3,900.1 629.2 320.5 5,757.8 5.1 64.6 7,267.8 -661.6 2,737.6 9,343.8
1974 77.3 0.9 78.2 1,572.6 673.1 184.3 529.2 5,529.3 1,176.8 479.9 8,572.6 5.0 71.0 10,299.4 -1,010.8 3,473.5 12,762.0
1975 67.7 6.9 74.6 2,148.2 719.4 169.0 716.0 6,137.9 1,628.1 476.2 9,846.6 14.4 67.6 12,151.3 -1,553.7 4,328.7 14,926.2
1976 76.9 18.3 95.2 2,552.7 818.3 190.3 795.6 6,683.1 1,898.6 518.8 10,904.8 15.0 77.8 13,645.6 -1,935.4 4,922.6 16,632.8
1977 78.2 32.2 110.4 3,164.1 929.7 206.6 927.5 7,452.0 2,448.6 608.9 12,573.3 24.4 84.2 15,956.4 -2,715.3 5,989.6 19,230.7
1978 71.1 36.6 107.7 2,984.0 1,090.9 260.3 1,037.6 8,005.2 2,342.0 686.6 13,422.5 24.3 90.1 16,628.6 -2,365.9 6,727.4 20,990.1
1979 76.9 39.1 116.0 4,276.5 1,743.5 359.0 1,398.8 10,570.0 2,918.4 1,101.7 18,091.3 35.5 107.3 22,626.7 -3,188.1 7,031.3 26,469.8
1980 79.8 46.8 126.6 6,063.2 2,390.8 364.9 2,199.3 13,579.1 4,131.7 1,383.3 24,049.1 26.1 99.7 30,367.1 -4,020.8 9,559.9 35,906.1
1981 87.4 81.8 169.3 6,969.3 3,003.0 349.6 2,503.6 15,046.4 4,804.8 1,206.6 26,914.0 30.2 137.6 34,237.6 -4,710.9 10,774.8 40,301.6
1982 72.0 80.1 152.1 7,886.9 2,898.2 412.2 2,335.6 14,207.8 3,049.3 1,093.5 23,996.6 31.6 123.8 32,232.6 -3,541.5 12,131.1 40,822.2
1983 75.8 75.8 8,039.1 2,720.9 435.3 2,124.1 12,054.2 2,298.6 1,213.4 20,846.5 65.3 144.7 29,207.2 -2,966.4 11,491.9 37,732.7
1984 89.3 89.3 8,931.0 2,914.2 489.0 2,346.1 12,173.7 2,474.7 1,505.1 21,902.9 170.4 172.5 31,297.4 -3,412.2 12,564.8 40,450.1
1985 102.4 102.4 9,251.8 2,775.8 621.8 2,257.8 12,195.2 1,953.0 1,401.5 21,205.0 200.4 171.3 31,077.6 -3,628.8 14,143.0 41,591.8
1986 96.1 96.1 6,011.6 2,297.7 576.7 1,685.3 9,816.2 957.7 1,293.4 16,627.0 268.1 121.7 23,257.1 -1,811.6 14,219.7 35,665.2
1987 94.0 94.0 7,109.8 2,358.6 678.6 1,811.7 10,690.6 1,064.4 1,406.3 18,010.1 312.6 149.1 25,930.1 -2,290.0 14,332.6 37,972.8
1988 98.7 98.7 7,145.3 2,778.9 663.1 1,784.5 11,285.6 984.3 1,250.1 18,746.5 293.1 160.0 26,696.8 -2,351.2 15,572.7 39,918.3
1989 124.9 124.9 7,825.4 3,067.6 678.6 2,286.8 12,510.1 1,115.8 1,144.4 20,803.3 292.0 220.8 29,439.8 -2,724.0 17,083.4 43,799.1
1990 159.2 159.2 8,366.4 3,368.4 642.0 3,081.3 13,778.7 1,461.5 1,201.3 23,533.1 249.6 203.0 32,691.9 -2,599.0 18,415.2 48,508.1
1991 163.1 163.1 8,774.1 3,202.8 601.8 2,438.9 12,833.9 723.1 1,158.5 20,958.9 221.5 205.3 30,440.9 -2,218.1 19,407.9 47,630.6
1992 153.3 153.3 8,456.8 3,049.2 583.9 2,219.3 15,245.6 394.4 1,165.3 22,657.7 203.7 197.6 31,721.3 -2,446.1 20,373.0 49,648.2
1993 142.4 142.4 8,264.6 2,938.6 500.5 2,273.1 14,726.7 467.8 1,110.2 22,016.9 145.3 150.2 30,764.8 -2,340.5 20,159.6 48,583.9
1994 143.6 143.6 9,074.9 3,194.4 559.0 2,257.2 14,652.9 530.0 1,153.6 22,347.1 164.1 340.2 32,116.6 -2,567.7 20,656.4 50,205.3
1995 140.2 140.2 8,337.7 3,302.9 473.2 2,241.5 15,127.1 617.7 1,148.0 22,910.4 135.1 305.1 31,870.2 -1,772.5 20,824.8 50,922.5
1996 133.3 133.3 8,059.5 3,693.5 388.3 2,915.8 16,641.7 529.2 1,160.7 25,329.2 157.3 248.5 33,960.6 -1,787.1 20,481.5 52,655.0
1997 140.9 140.9 9,467.9 3,887.4 345.4 2,756.3 17,266.0 449.1 1,187.7 25,892.0 145.2 165.9 35,850.2 -2,118.8 21,558.1 55,289.6
1998 110.6 110.6 9,907.8 3,290.1 411.5 2,020.2 15,465.1 227.8 1,300.8 22,715.5 164.8 152.4 33,087.3 -2,090.2 20,918.7 51,915.9
1999 113.4 113.4 9,452.0 3,985.1 453.0 2,383.0 18,485.9 627.3 1,505.2 27,439.5 146.2 150.5 37,344.6 -2,298.0 20,874.4 55,921.0
2000 109.9 109.9 15,046.1 5,664.6 582.6 4,036.2 22,379.8 1,321.2 1,454.8 35,439.2 164.9 255.2 51,330.7 -5,953.3 22,904.7 68,282.0
2001 98.8 98.8 20,823.3 5,390.5 531.6 3,213.4 22,455.7 838.3 1,463.6 33,893.0 150.3 277.2 55,481.5 -9,874.4 27,478.6 73,085.8
2002 120.0 120.0 11,081.2 4,800.5 677.0 3,146.2 21,497.7 1,110.7 1,511.5 32,743.6 175.5 327.2 44,510.6 -3,261.0 28,383.9 69,633.5
2003 118.7 118.7 15,315.0 5,128.6 742.3 3,702.4 26,329.2 866.5 1,420.4 38,189.4 172.1 357.8 54,339.9 -4,497.9 28,392.1 78,234.1
2004 125.2 125.2 17,658.9 7,460.5 903.1 5,573.8 31,858.8 1,101.1 1,483.8 48,381.1 148.8 402.5 66,777.5 -5,167.7 28,340.4 89,950.2
2005 128.8 128.8 20,771.7 9,879.3 873.2 7,623.0 37,538.3 1,201.6 1,687.5 58,803.0 167.2 466.5 80,654.8 -6,383.3 29,302.7 103,574.2
2006 144.7 144.7 19,608.7 11,258.3 988.2 9,072.0 42,647.7 1,724.8 1,914.7 67,605.6 148.5 504.2 88,185.3 -5,878.9 33,433.0 115,739.4
2007 164.3 164.3 19,822.2 11,772.4 1,038.9 10,167.5 45,691.3 2,045.5 2,332.3 73,047.9 176.8 771.4 94,343.6 -6,788.4 33,545.9 121,101.0
2008 168.6 168.6 23,114.5 13,745.9 1,741.4 12,718.0 50,163.2 4,149.3 2,366.4 84,884.1 161.8 467.4 109,131.3 -7,858.4 33,207.2 134,480.1
2009 139.5 139.5 14,159.1 8,728.6 1,415.8 6,942.6 37,335.0 3,044.0 2,127.1 59,593.1 179.7 494.9 74,692.2 -4,232.4 34,097.2 104,556.9
2010 161.4 161.4 14,914.1 11,777.6 1,715.4 7,037.4 44,565.2 3,844.7 2,329.5 71,269.8 [R ] 196.7 582.4 87,282.0 -4,388.3 33,381.8 116,275.5
2011 173.1 173.1 14,353.7 15,583.9 2,011.4 [R ] 9,752.1 53,395.0 3,910.1 2,935.3 87,587.9 [R ] 256.0 614.3 103,231.6 -3,737.7 33,919.1 133,412.9
2012 133.6 133.6 13,009.6 15,494.6 1,428.1 9,960.0 55,821.5 3,889.0 2,823.8 89,417.0 140.9 560.5 103,549.6 -3,832.6 34,852.5 134,569.5
2013 129.5 129.5 14,808.6 15,584.9 1,480.7 [R ] 9,757.1 54,489.2 2,776.5 3,047.1 87,135.6 [R ] 133.1 577.0 103,215.3 [R ] -4,493.8 37,028.1 135,749.7 [R ]
2014 135.3 135.3 16,107.9 15,838.9 1,540.5 [R ] 9,289.0 52,719.0 1,826.3 3,085.4 84,299.0 [R ] 115.2 624.4 101,843.5 [R ] -5,256.3 39,424.1 136,011.3 [R ]
2015 110.4 110.4 13,410.4 11,743.7 1,021.9 [R ] 6,001.7 46,122.1 1,353.5 2,972.3 69,215.3 [R ] 126.7 388.9 83,747.3 [R ] -3,565.3 39,979.2 120,161.2 [R ]
2016 108.4 108.4 13,391.6 10,211.5 1,073.1 [R ] 5,228.0 40,583.9 1,228.6 2,608.8 60,933.9 [R ] 127.9 330.4 75,398.0 [R ] -2,909.7 38,787.2 111,275.5 [R ]
2017 127.4 127.4 14,269.4 12,226.0 1,271.3 [R ] 6,788.9 45,176.0 1,968.3 2,551.7 [R ] 69,982.2 [R ] 124.9 327.2 85,291.8 [R ] -3,006.5 40,960.0 123,245.3 [R ]
2018 117.6 117.6 14,793.7 15,397.6 1,431.7 [R ] 9,030.7 [R ] 51,912.7 2,520.3 2,838.3 [R ] 83,131.3 [R ] 129.1 340.1 [R ] 98,743.7 [R ] -3,365.4 41,972.2 137,350.6 [R ]
2019 105.4 105.4 15,609.3 15,263.0 1,275.9 [R ] 8,681.7 [R ] 52,965.5 2,592.0 2,800.2 [R ] 83,578.4 [R ] 113.6 377.0 [R ] 99,993.0 [R ] -2,684.2 41,971.4 139,280.3 [R ]
2020 99.3 99.3 15,180.4 [R ] 12,058.9 1,075.3 [R ] 3,316.5 [R ] 36,307.9 1,292.0 2,390.0 [R ] 56,440.5 [R ] 110.5 315.5 [R ] 72,268.9 [R ] -2,419.3 44,682.0 114,531.6 [R ]
2021 101.7 101.7 19,425.9 20,338.1 1,699.5 5,758.2 52,381.6 2,751.4 2,884.3 85,813.1 121.9 405.5 106,082.2 -4,081.8 48,203.7 150,204.2
aIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. jFor 1981 through 1992, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline column.
bBeginning in 2009, includes biodiesel blended into distillate fuel oil. Beginning in 2011, includes renewable diesel blended into distillate fuel
oil. Beginning in 2021, includes biodiesel and renewable diesel product supplied.
kElectricity imports are included in total primary energy and electric power sector but are not shown separately.
cHydrocarbon gas liquids, include natural gas liquids and refinery olefins. lExpenditures for fuels purchased for electric power generation, included in the expenditure columns for the primary energy sources, are
shown as negative expenditures because they need to be removed from total energy expenditures, to avoid double-counting.
dThrough 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 2005, includes kerosene-type jet fuel only; naphtha-type jet
fuel is included in "Other Petroleum."
mElectricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers.
eBeginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Value less than 0.05 million dollars.
fIncludes asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, petroleum coke, and the “other petroleum products” category. See
Technical Notes, Section 4.
Where shown, — = No consumption, including cases where adjustments were made. See explanation of adjustments in Section 7 of the
Technical Notes.
gWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Note: Expenditure totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
hThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of the use of wood and biomass waste
beginning in 1989.
Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
iThere are no direct fuel costs for hydroelectric, geothermal, solar, or wind energy. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/