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Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table ET5. Industrial Sector Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2021, California

Table ET5. Industrial Sector Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2021, California







Year
Primary Energy




Electricity i




Total
Energy f,g,h
Coal

Natural
Gas a
Petroleum Biomass


Total f,g,h
Coking
Coal
Steam
Coal

Total
Distillate
Fuel Oil

HGL b
Motor
Gasoline c
Residual
Fuel Oil

Other d

Total
Wood and
Waste e,f
Prices in Dollars per Million Btu
1970 0.43 0.63 0.43 0.38 0.68 1.42 2.80 0.35 1.13 0.97 1.54 0.60 2.90 0.90
1971 0.47 0.53 0.47 0.42 0.70 1.52 2.84 0.57 1.25 1.08 1.54 0.66 3.03 0.98
1972 0.52 0.61 0.52 0.45 0.71 1.57 2.79 0.57 1.32 1.11 1.54 0.70 3.30 1.06
1973 0.61 0.59 0.61 0.51 0.94 1.70 3.08 0.76 1.47 1.30 1.54 0.81 3.75 1.20
1974 1.29 1.02 1.29 0.65 1.96 2.60 4.47 1.65 2.34 2.24 1.54 1.22 5.74 1.79
1975 1.38 0.92 1.32 1.05 2.21 2.92 4.84 1.66 2.31 2.35 1.54 1.50 6.70 2.24
1976 1.51 1.16 1.43 1.39 2.45 3.17 5.04 1.59 2.36 2.48 1.54 1.77 7.62 2.65
1977 1.58 1.26 1.47 1.86 2.60 3.88 5.33 1.87 2.57 2.72 1.54 2.11 9.46 3.22
1978 1.70 1.40 1.59 2.04 2.66 4.41 5.48 1.79 2.69 2.84 1.54 2.31 10.75 3.75
1979 1.74 1.60 1.69 2.61 3.81 4.35 7.47 2.26 3.83 3.83 1.54 3.06 10.96 4.32
1980 1.97 1.82 1.91 3.64 5.49 5.43 10.19 3.16 5.79 5.36 1.51 4.27 16.04 6.22
1981 2.26 2.06 2.16 3.88 6.42 6.39 11.33 4.02 7.65 6.55 1.51 4.73 18.11 7.05
1982 2.07 2.31 2.19 4.66 6.27 7.37 10.82 4.25 6.90 6.40 1.51 5.09 21.24 7.95
1983 2.37 2.37 5.28 6.47 7.68 8.96 4.27 7.08 6.59 1.51 5.59 19.83 8.40
1984 2.39 2.39 5.01 6.29 7.51 8.74 4.49 7.00 6.20 1.51 5.42 19.59 7.68
1985 2.25 2.25 4.54 6.19 10.65 8.68 3.93 6.98 6.34 1.51 5.20 22.00 7.96
1986 2.26 2.26 3.46 3.84 9.89 6.68 2.16 7.01 5.39 1.77 4.26 21.63 7.25
1987 2.09 2.09 3.39 4.42 9.24 6.95 2.60 7.19 5.77 1.77 4.28 20.38 6.67
1988 1.94 1.94 3.65 4.07 9.32 7.08 2.09 6.62 5.59 1.77 4.29 20.15 7.00
1989 1.93 1.93 3.61 4.98 8.31 7.66 2.30 5.51 5.73 1.19 4.09 20.89 6.91
1990 2.00 2.00 3.79 5.69 9.97 8.57 3.00 5.64 6.21 0.99 4.31 21.35 7.09
1991 1.97 1.97 3.86 5.43 10.36 8.18 2.24 5.77 6.06 1.15 4.24 22.22 7.21
1992 1.83 1.83 3.58 5.44 10.29 9.19 2.25 5.82 6.32 1.15 4.13 22.25 7.18
1993 1.85 1.85 2.72 5.68 10.28 9.14 2.14 5.73 6.15 1.16 3.52 21.49 6.53
1994 1.87 1.87 3.19 5.29 11.22 9.13 2.41 5.69 6.18 1.18 3.89 20.79 6.87
1995 1.76 1.76 3.66 5.44 10.66 9.27 2.70 5.69 6.14 1.26 4.11 21.59 7.05
1996 1.70 1.70 3.65 6.40 10.30 10.03 2.95 5.81 6.51 1.07 4.18 20.41 6.97
1997 1.74 1.74 4.11 5.79 9.86 10.27 2.78 5.98 6.39 1.04 4.40 20.38 7.11
1998 1.78 1.78 3.55 4.31 8.61 9.01 2.00 5.57 5.53 1.24 3.91 19.02 6.37
1999 1.73 1.73 3.28 5.32 9.22 10.52 2.68 5.34 5.68 1.37 3.87 19.26 6.42
2000 1.66 1.66 5.53 7.99 12.77 12.55 4.31 5.67 7.09 1.42 5.69 20.94 8.25
2001 1.61 1.61 6.50 7.08 14.42 12.27 3.51 6.12 7.33 1.95 6.38 27.05 9.87
2002 1.64 1.64 4.84 6.80 13.49 11.19 3.95 6.01 7.33 2.08 5.37 28.75 8.40
2003 1.68 1.68 7.05 8.19 15.09 13.78 4.59 7.67 9.06 1.62 7.13 28.11 10.04
2004 1.76 1.76 7.74 11.27 17.27 16.30 5.20 7.86 10.48 1.78 8.00 27.18 10.44
2005 2.12 2.12 9.62 15.45 20.60 18.96 7.17 9.02 12.46 2.68 9.73 27.98 12.25
2006 2.39 2.39 9.09 17.40 23.04 21.47 8.65 10.64 14.76 2.66 9.94 29.57 12.83
2007 2.81 2.81 8.81 18.29 26.49 23.34 10.04 11.87 15.18 2.52 9.84 29.26 12.67
2008 2.96 2.96 10.51 24.53 31.75 26.96 13.91 14.12 19.81 2.83 12.14 29.56 14.80
2009 2.95 2.95 6.39 14.78 25.25 20.56 19.68 18.52 2.66 8.53 30.54 11.95
2010 3.41 3.41 6.87 19.10 27.19 24.76 25.88 23.07 2.68 9.93 28.72 12.94
2011 3.64 3.64 6.91 25.33 33.54 [R ] 30.51 15.24 23.86 26.45 2.73 11.23 29.62 14.09
2012 3.54 3.54 5.66 26.29 25.30 32.24 16.16 26.15 27.06 2.60 10.22 30.75 13.21
2013 3.67 3.67 6.40 25.76 27.74 [R ] 31.08 16.26 24.83 26.41 2.57 10.78 33.52 14.43
2014 3.63 3.63 7.44 24.38 28.72 [R ] 29.99 15.94 25.38 25.88 3.11 11.34 36.16 15.24
2015 3.57 3.57 6.18 15.30 16.14 [R ] 25.47 8.31 22.21 19.50 [R ] 3.00 9.14 35.65 13.29
2016 3.38 3.38 6.56 13.21 15.15 [R ] 22.01 6.11 18.56 16.81 [R ] 2.88 8.74 34.94 12.74
2017 3.78 3.78 6.81 15.69 20.48 [R ] 24.37 19.18 [R ] 18.77 [R ] 2.80 9.39 37.31 13.52
2018 3.53 3.53 6.89 19.01 23.81 [R ] 28.09 11.44 22.05 [R ] 22.09 [R ] 2.67 [R ] 10.08 [R ] 38.69 14.43 [R ]
2019 3.41 3.41 7.44 17.84 17.54 [R ] 29.10 11.27 23.16 [R ] 21.69 [R ] 2.67 [R ] 10.29 [R ] 39.27 14.61 [R ]
2020 3.54 3.54 7.30 12.45 16.04 [R ] 24.79 8.90 20.51 [R ] 18.09 [R ] 2.21 [R ] 9.35 [R ] 41.82 14.45 [R ]
2021 3.60 3.60 9.43 18.79 30.51 32.46 13.24 23.87 23.99 2.82 12.42 43.43 17.19
Expenditures in Million Dollars
1970 25.6 0.2 25.8 209.3 31.2 41.1 28.6 21.3 141.6 263.7 49.2 548.0 392.2 940.2
1971 23.6 0.2 23.8 225.9 39.1 42.8 23.0 31.2 163.4 299.6 50.2 599.4 425.9 1,025.3
1972 24.3 0.1 24.4 244.4 47.0 41.7 20.9 27.8 174.0 311.4 55.0 635.2 488.7 1,123.9
1973 40.4 0.2 40.6 283.6 73.8 62.3 23.8 33.2 208.6 401.7 57.2 783.2 555.8 1,339.0
1974 77.3 0.9 78.1 361.8 112.7 110.3 30.6 76.9 325.3 655.7 59.3 1,154.9 775.2 1,930.1
1975 67.7 6.9 74.6 539.6 126.2 116.1 34.0 62.4 324.1 662.8 53.2 1,330.2 988.9 2,319.1
1976 76.9 18.3 95.2 654.4 152.4 137.8 39.6 54.0 361.0 744.8 61.5 1,555.9 1,182.0 2,737.9
1977 78.2 32.2 110.4 872.8 193.3 148.4 31.7 58.5 431.4 863.4 63.4 1,910.0 1,512.9 3,422.9
1978 71.1 36.4 107.5 721.6 230.8 168.2 31.0 56.4 479.8 966.1 66.2 1,861.5 1,771.2 3,632.6
1979 76.9 38.9 115.8 962.9 444.7 210.7 43.9 63.7 848.3 1,611.2 67.1 2,757.0 1,880.8 4,637.9
1980 79.8 46.5 126.4 1,248.7 489.1 191.9 90.9 204.4 1,116.8 2,093.1 29.1 3,497.3 2,607.7 6,105.0
1981 87.4 81.7 169.2 1,347.9 659.9 185.1 83.4 224.9 876.8 2,030.1 30.7 3,578.0 2,860.2 6,438.2
1982 72.0 79.9 151.9 1,422.5 751.9 204.4 71.6 185.6 759.7 1,973.2 29.7 3,577.5 3,201.9 6,779.4
1983 75.6 75.6 1,499.2 637.3 169.6 50.8 159.5 872.7 1,889.9 33.6 3,498.4 3,043.4 6,541.8
1984 87.1 87.1 1,781.3 720.7 267.9 86.0 553.7 1,134.6 2,762.9 34.2 4,665.7 3,188.1 7,853.9
1985 99.0 99.0 1,745.8 636.7 359.5 139.8 428.9 1,024.9 2,589.9 34.1 4,468.9 3,725.4 8,194.4
1986 96.1 96.1 1,252.1 326.5 348.1 111.5 179.2 955.5 1,920.7 20.9 3,289.9 3,469.7 6,759.6
1987 94.0 94.0 1,637.5 387.3 379.4 118.9 208.4 1,066.8 2,160.8 20.8 3,913.3 3,241.7 7,154.9
1988 98.3 98.3 1,557.2 369.9 352.2 110.7 99.2 895.7 1,827.7 21.7 3,505.1 3,387.0 6,892.1
1989 111.1 111.1 1,712.8 474.9 349.0 130.1 25.2 765.5 1,744.7 59.7 3,628.6 3,738.1 7,366.7
1990 129.7 129.7 1,967.7 562.9 307.5 142.4 23.6 781.9 1,818.3 40.6 3,956.7 3,827.3 7,784.0
1991 124.1 124.1 2,147.0 448.0 197.5 140.6 16.6 749.4 1,552.1 42.4 3,866.1 4,011.2 7,877.3
1992 118.6 118.6 1,981.9 398.4 289.0 159.2 18.1 754.2 1,618.9 41.2 3,760.6 4,100.0 7,860.6
1993 99.1 99.1 1,572.0 426.5 178.6 127.1 13.3 705.5 1,451.0 34.4 3,156.4 3,885.0 7,041.5
1994 101.2 101.2 1,806.1 427.1 253.6 131.4 13.1 744.3 1,569.4 32.9 3,509.5 4,009.2 7,518.7
1995 102.2 102.2 2,156.6 365.1 196.8 137.5 19.1 738.6 1,457.1 37.0 3,752.9 3,986.7 7,739.6
1996 95.4 95.4 2,162.8 437.3 143.2 143.3 2.4 759.6 1,485.9 27.3 3,771.4 3,838.6 7,610.0
1997 108.3 108.3 2,734.9 467.7 120.6 155.6 0.8 760.6 1,505.3 32.8 4,381.2 4,133.5 8,514.7
1998 77.3 77.3 2,525.4 318.3 74.0 152.9 (s) 870.5 1,415.8 29.6 4,048.1 3,823.2 7,871.3
1999 81.0 81.0 2,162.3 452.8 135.6 105.2 4.2 1,034.4 1,732.2 36.6 4,012.0 3,965.8 7,977.8
2000 78.8 78.8 3,635.9 861.1 207.4 128.7 1.0 976.2 2,174.5 43.8 5,933.0 4,403.2 10,336.3
2001 75.4 75.4 3,888.1 886.1 234.1 289.2 0.2 1,004.0 2,413.7 70.1 6,447.3 5,541.7 11,989.0
2002 77.3 77.3 3,213.6 574.5 376.9 280.4 (s) 1,026.5 2,258.4 48.1 5,597.4 4,469.5 10,066.9
2003 80.2 80.2 4,971.4 505.3 247.3 358.7 (s) 929.4 2,040.6 35.9 7,128.1 4,531.6 11,659.7
2004 81.2 81.2 5,923.1 922.1 206.0 484.6 (s) 955.4 2,568.1 33.1 8,605.5 4,268.2 12,873.7
2005 98.2 98.2 6,896.9 1,175.1 0.1 529.2 (s) 1,071.3 2,775.7 66.0 9,836.8 4,532.7 14,369.5
2006 107.8 107.8 6,010.6 1,384.1 136.2 612.5 0.9 1,161.8 3,295.5 63.7 9,477.7 4,866.2 14,343.9
2007 121.0 121.0 5,873.6 1,199.7 72.3 533.7 1,515.3 3,321.0 61.6 9,377.2 4,760.7 14,137.9
2008 116.8 116.8 6,733.4 1,781.0 316.7 540.9 3.8 1,496.2 4,138.6 60.7 11,049.5 4,857.6 15,907.1
2009 92.3 92.3 4,016.6 875.2 389.3 391.6 1,339.2 2,995.3 43.5 7,147.7 4,713.4 11,861.1
2010 113.0 113.0 4,198.0 1,330.1 552.9 [R ] 724.3 1,321.9 3,929.3 [R ] 55.6 8,295.9 [R ] 4,576.8 12,872.6 [R ]
2011 129.5 129.5 4,212.1 1,926.1 782.7 [R ] 877.0 (s) 1,812.4 5,398.2 [R ] 65.3 9,805.0 [R ] 4,772.8 14,577.9 [R ]
2012 108.7 108.7 3,606.1 1,948.3 563.8 [R ] 982.4 (s) 1,792.5 5,287.1 [R ] 60.0 9,061.8 [R ] 4,654.7 13,716.5 [R ]
2013 117.3 117.3 4,173.6 1,901.5 613.1 [R ] 983.8 0.6 2,021.5 5,520.5 [R ] 58.8 9,870.3 [R ] 5,877.9 15,748.1 [R ]
2014 118.3 118.3 4,896.9 1,941.8 654.4 [R ] 688.6 0.5 2,012.0 5,297.3 [R ] 60.4 10,372.8 [R ] 6,169.4 16,542.2 [R ]
2015 110.4 110.4 4,056.8 1,220.8 337.4 [R ] 767.8 (s) 1,855.7 4,181.7 [R ] 54.1 8,403.0 [R ] 6,089.0 14,492.0 [R ]
2016 108.4 108.4 4,258.7 987.6 321.0 [R ] 662.1 (s) 1,580.4 3,551.2 [R ] 56.9 7,975.2 [R ] 5,747.6 13,722.8 [R ]
2017 127.4 127.4 4,330.9 1,213.3 410.8 [R ] 742.1 1,572.5 [R ] 3,938.8 [R ] 58.6 8,455.7 [R ] 5,834.4 14,290.2 [R ]
2018 117.6 117.6 4,391.6 1,319.9 443.9 [R ] 869.7 (s) 1,811.5 [R ] 4,444.9 [R ] 60.0 [R ] 9,014.1 [R ] 6,200.9 15,215.0 [R ]
2019 105.4 105.4 4,747.4 1,189.1 347.7 [R ] 897.3 0.8 1,768.7 [R ] 4,203.5 [R ] 61.3 [R ] 9,117.6 [R ] 6,087.1 15,204.7 [R ]
2020 99.3 99.3 4,142.7 [R ] 767.7 315.3 [R ] 766.1 0.5 1,544.8 [R ] 3,394.4 [R ] 98.1 [R ] 7,734.4 [R ] 6,450.6 14,185.0 [R ]
2021 101.7 101.7 5,315.0 1,379.5 632.2 988.5 1.1 1,928.8 4,930.2 130.1 10,477.0 6,665.0 17,142.0
aIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. hFor 1981 through 1992, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor
gasoline column.
bHydrocarbon gas liquids, include natural gas liquids and refinery olefins. iElectricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy
service providers.
cBeginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. There is a discontinuity in the
expenditure series between 2014 and 2015 because of changes in consumption estimates from the source.
See Consumption Technical Notes, Section 4.
Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Value less than 0.05 million dollars.
dIncludes asphalt and road oil, kerosene, lubricants, petroleum coke, and the “other petroleum products”
category. See Technical Notes, Section 4.
Where shown, — = No consumption, including cases where adjustments were made. See explanation of
adjustments in Section 7 of the Technical Notes.
eWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Notes: Expenditure totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The industrial
sector includes industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.
fThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of the
use of wood and biomass waste beginning in 1989.
Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
gThere are no direct fuel costs for hydroelectric, geothermal, solar, or wind energy. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes.
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/