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State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table CT3. Total End-Use Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, Selected Years, 1960-2021, United States

Table CT3. Total End-Use Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, Selected Years, 1960-2021, United States





Year



Coal
Net
Imports-
Coal
Coke


Natural
Gas a
Petroleum
Hydro-
electric
Power h,i
Biomass




Geo-
thermal i






Solar i,l



Electricity m






End Use g,i,n



Electrical
System
Energy
Losses o






Total g,i,n
Distillate
Fuel Oil b

HGL c
Jet
Fuel d
Motor
Gasoline e
Residual
Fuel Oil

Other f,g

Total g


Wood
and
Waste i,j


Losses
and Co-
products k
Million
Short Tons
Billion
Cubic Feet

Million Barrels
Billion
Kilowatt-
hours
Billion
Kilowatt-
hours
1960 221 (s) 10,242 681 227 136 1,453 475 525 3,498 4 – – – – – – – – 688 – – – – – –
1961 208 (s) 10,664 691 234 152 1,476 463 537 3,552 3 – – – – – – – – 722 – – – – – –
1962 209 (s) 11,301 728 255 179 1,533 460 551 3,707 3 – – – – – – – – 778 – – – – – –
1963 212 (s) 11,826 743 276 190 1,582 450 587 3,828 3 – – – – – – – – 833 – – – – – –
1964 220 (s) 12,491 746 295 204 1,611 458 619 3,933 3 – – – – – – – – 896 – – – – – –
1965 227 -1 12,959 771 307 220 1,676 477 636 4,087 3 – – – – – – – – 954 – – – – – –
1966 231 -1 13,842 791 324 244 1,755 492 664 4,270 3 – – – – – – – – 1,035 – – – – – –
1967 217 -1 14,642 811 344 301 1,810 498 659 4,423 3 – – – – – – – – 1,099 – – – – – –
1968 212 -1 15,484 865 386 349 1,925 489 699 4,713 3 – – – – – – – – 1,203 – – – – – –
1969 206 -1 16,569 885 446 362 2,017 486 713 4,909 3 – – – – – – – – 1,314 – – – – – –
1970 203 -2 17,208 903 447 353 2,111 493 719 5,026 3 – – – – – – – – 1,392 – – – – – –
1971 174 -1 17,817 937 457 369 2,195 476 719 5,153 3 – – – – – – – – 1,470 – – – – – –
1972 172 -1 18,125 1,021 520 374 2,334 485 759 5,493 3 – – – – – – – – 1,595 – – – – – –
1973 173 (s) 18,389 1,088 531 380 2,436 517 802 5,755 3 – – – – – – – – 1,713 – – – – – –
1974 167 2 17,780 1,028 519 357 2,386 480 768 5,539 3 – – – – – – – – 1,706 – – – – – –
1975 157 1 16,380 1,005 493 362 2,436 431 723 5,451 3 – – – – – – – – 1,747 – – – – – –
1976 155 (s) 16,866 1,109 515 357 2,554 511 788 5,834 3 – – – – – – – – 1,855 – – – – – –
1977 148 1 16,329 1,181 519 373 2,620 546 865 6,103 3 – – – – – – – – 1,948 – – – – – –
1978 144 5 16,439 1,210 516 381 2,705 515 915 6,241 3 – – – – – – – – 2,018 – – – – – –
1979 153 3 16,750 1,181 607 390 2,568 539 948 6,232 3 – – – – – – – – 2,071 – – – – – –
1980 133 -1 16,196 1,022 582 389 2,408 527 894 5,821 3 – – – – – – – – 2,094 – – – – – –
1981 136 -1 15,764 1,012 578 367 2,404 432 716 5,509 3 – – – – – – – – 2,147 – – – – – –
1982 113 -1 14,776 960 584 369 2,387 392 641 5,332 3 – – – – – – – – 2,086 – – – – – –
1983 111 -1 13,924 965 561 382 2,417 290 698 5,313 3 – – – – – – – – 2,151 – – – – – –
1984 127 (s) 14,839 1,026 623 430 2,449 312 709 5,550 3 – – – – – – – – 2,286 – – – – – –
1985 124 -1 14,237 1,032 628 445 2,493 280 687 5,566 3 – – – – – – – – 2,324 – – – – – –
1986 119 -1 13,619 1,049 594 477 2,567 302 720 5,710 3 – – – – – – – – 2,369 – – – – – –
1987 119 (s) 14,367 1,071 638 506 2,630 277 759 5,882 3 – – – – – – – – 2,457 – – – – – –
1988 125 2 15,394 1,124 651 530 2,685 275 810 6,076 3 – – – – – – – – 2,578 – – – – – –
1989 123 1 16,014 1,126 653 544 2,675 256 797 6,051 3 – – – – – – – – 2,647 – – – – – –
1990 122 (s) 15,929 1,086 622 556 2,641 264 826 5,994 3 – – – – – – – – 2,713 – – – – – –
1991 115 (s) 16,246 1,052 680 537 2,623 250 766 5,909 3 – – – – – – – – 2,762 – – – – – –
1992 113 1 16,780 1,078 712 532 2,660 262 831 6,075 3 – – – – – – – – 2,763 – – – – – –
1993 112 1 17,317 1,095 705 536 2,729 242 804 6,111 3 – – – – – – – – 2,861 – – – – – –
1994 113 2 17,345 1,134 759 557 2,774 234 838 6,297 6 – – – – – – – – 2,935 – – – – – –
1995 112 2 17,970 1,152 766 553 2,843 221 813 6,348 5 – – – – – – – – 3,013 – – – – – –
1996 109 1 18,802 1,213 813 578 2,888 211 867 6,569 6 – – – – – – – – 3,101 – – – – – –
1997 108 2 18,673 1,235 815 583 2,926 177 910 6,647 6 – – – – – – – – 3,146 – – – – – –
1998 100 3 17,658 1,240 776 592 3,012 157 916 6,694 5 – – – – – – – – 3,264 – – – – – –
1999 98 2 17,586 1,280 880 611 3,077 151 931 6,929 5 – – – – – – – – 3,312 – – – – – –
2000 98 3 18,127 1,332 891 631 3,101 194 876 7,026 4 – – – – – – – – 3,421 – – – – – –
2001 96 1 16,896 1,375 803 604 3,143 137 904 6,966 3 – – – – – – – – 3,394 – – – – – –
2002 89 2 17,355 1,356 838 589 3,229 151 894 7,057 4 – – – – – – – – 3,465 – – – – – –
2003 90 2 17,141 1,406 805 576 3,261 144 926 7,117 4 – – – – – – – – 3,494 – – – – – –
2004 91 6 16,939 1,466 829 597 3,333 177 991 7,392 3 – – – – – – – – 3,547 – – – – – –
2005 88 2 16,145 1,483 783 613 3,343 196 974 7,393 3 – – – – – – – – 3,661 – – – – – –
2006 86 2 15,477 1,509 779 596 3,377 194 990 7,445 3 – – – – – – – – 3,670 – – – – – –
2007 83 1 16,262 1,516 800 592 3,389 201 943 7,442 2 – – – – – – – – 3,765 – – – – – –
2008 80 2 16,609 1,431 748 563 3,290 189 837 7,060 2 – – – – – – – – 3,734 – – – – – –
2009 64 -1 16,038 1,313 776 509 3,284 158 748 6,788 2 – – – – – – – – 3,597 – – – – – –
2010 73 (s) 16,700 1,373 826 523 3,282 171 763 6,938 2 – – – – – – – – 3,755 – – – – – –
2011 70 (s) 16,904 1,412 821 520 3,195 153 745 6,847 2 – – – – – – – – 3,750 – – – – – –
2012 66 (s) 16,428 1,360 839 512 3,178 123 717 6,728 2 – – – – – – – – 3,695 – – – – – –
2013 66 -1 17,964 1,387 913 524 3,228 104 724 6,879 4 – – – – – – – – 3,725 – – – – – –
2014 66 -1 18,447 1,459 892 537 3,256 79 699 6,922 1 – – – – – – – – 3,765 – – – – – –
2015 60 -1 17,630 1,446 931 565 3,350 80 711 7,082 1 – – – – – – – – 3,759 – – – – – –
2016 53 -1 17,459 1,410 930 591 3,410 108 717 7,166 1 – – – – – – – – 3,762 – – – – – –
2017 52 -1 17,874 1,426 963 614 3,404 114 725 7,246 2 – – – – – – – – 3,723 – – – – – –
2018 51 -1 19,550 1,499 1,100 623 3,405 103 712 7,443 1 – – – – – – – – 3,859 – – – – – –
2019 48 -1 19,844 1,488 1,146 636 3,398 91 707 7,466 1 – – – – – – – – 3,811 – – – – – –
2020 41 -1 18,882 [R ] 1,378 1,181 394 2,946 68 658 6,625 1 – – – – – – – – 3,718 – – – – – –
2021 44 -2 19,385 1,439 1,256 500 3,218 106 707 7,225 1 – – – – – – – – 3,806 – – – – – –
Trillion Btu
1960 5,604 -6 10,600 3,969 866 739 7,631 2,987 3,129 19,321 39 1,318 NA NA NA 2,348 39,224 5,809 45,034
1961 5,263 -8 11,037 4,023 891 827 7,752 2,914 3,204 19,611 36 1,293 NA NA NA 2,463 39,696 5,988 45,684
1962 5,282 -6 11,696 4,243 973 977 8,051 2,895 3,299 20,438 36 1,299 NA NA NA 2,653 41,399 6,374 47,773
1963 5,364 -7 12,199 4,328 1,052 1,044 8,310 2,828 3,498 21,060 34 1,322 NA NA NA 2,841 42,813 6,793 49,606
1964 5,588 -10 12,889 4,346 1,124 1,121 8,464 2,878 3,673 21,606 34 1,335 NA NA NA 3,057 44,499 7,268 51,767
1965 5,761 -18 13,371 4,490 1,170 1,215 8,806 2,997 3,784 22,462 33 1,332 NA NA NA 3,254 46,195 7,771 53,966
1966 5,844 -25 14,293 4,608 1,234 1,354 9,219 3,092 3,945 23,451 33 1,366 NA NA NA 3,532 48,493 8,468 56,961
1967 5,472 -15 15,112 4,723 1,312 1,670 9,507 3,131 3,919 24,262 36 1,337 NA NA NA 3,751 49,954 8,962 58,917
1968 5,344 -17 15,941 5,037 1,460 1,941 10,114 3,077 4,155 25,783 35 1,416 NA NA NA 4,104 52,606 9,795 62,402
1969 5,164 -36 17,049 5,157 1,678 2,017 10,595 3,055 4,249 26,750 34 1,437 NA NA NA 4,483 54,882 10,697 65,579
1970 5,041 -58 17,645 5,260 1,667 1,973 11,091 3,099 4,293 27,383 34 1,427 NA NA NA 4,751 56,223 11,497 67,720
1971 4,304 -33 18,273 5,458 1,700 2,061 11,532 2,992 4,304 28,046 34 1,429 NA NA NA 5,014 57,068 12,096 69,164
1972 4,267 -26 18,598 5,950 1,927 2,091 12,259 3,051 4,544 29,822 34 1,500 NA NA NA 5,443 59,637 13,040 72,677
1973 4,300 -7 18,858 6,338 1,959 2,131 12,797 3,250 4,816 31,291 35 1,526 NA NA NA 5,844 61,846 13,877 75,724
1974 4,112 56 18,218 5,988 1,914 2,001 12,535 3,018 4,600 30,056 33 1,537 NA NA NA 5,821 59,833 14,082 73,915
1975 3,866 14 16,745 5,853 1,811 2,029 12,798 2,712 4,330 29,533 32 1,497 NA NA NA 5,961 57,649 14,304 71,953
1976 3,845 (s) 17,228 6,460 1,877 2,002 13,415 3,213 4,697 31,665 33 1,711 NA NA NA 6,330 60,812 15,154 75,967
1977 3,648 15 16,691 6,878 1,867 2,090 13,760 3,433 5,153 33,182 33 1,833 NA NA NA 6,648 62,049 15,898 77,947
1978 3,516 125 16,774 7,046 1,848 2,138 14,211 3,237 5,452 33,932 32 2,034 NA NA NA 6,885 63,298 16,680 79,978
1979 3,771 63 17,083 6,879 2,214 2,186 13,487 3,388 5,638 33,792 34 2,147 NA NA NA 7,067 63,957 16,879 80,836
1980 3,303 -35 16,580 5,952 2,135 2,179 12,648 3,312 5,299 31,526 33 2,467 NA NA NA 7,146 60,869 17,178 78,048
1981 3,315 -16 16,170 5,894 2,098 2,058 12,631 2,717 4,285 29,682 33 2,583 6 NA NA 7,326 58,933 17,161 76,094
1982 2,731 -22 15,180 5,592 2,095 2,069 12,538 2,465 3,853 28,612 33 2,627 16 NA NA 7,119 56,171 16,835 73,006
1983 2,682 -16 14,356 5,624 1,983 2,141 12,697 1,821 4,188 28,454 33 2,837 29 NA NA 7,339 55,618 17,262 72,879
1984 3,052 -11 15,288 5,977 2,230 2,414 12,867 1,961 4,259 29,707 33 2,885 35 NA NA 7,799 58,720 17,790 76,511
1985 2,954 -13 14,686 6,013 2,252 2,497 13,098 1,761 4,157 29,777 33 2,909 42 NA NA 7,929 58,242 18,164 76,407
1986 2,822 -17 14,030 6,113 2,158 2,682 13,487 1,896 4,363 30,699 33 2,813 48 NA NA 8,082 58,457 18,135 76,592
1987 2,835 9 14,816 6,239 2,339 2,843 13,816 1,745 4,580 31,562 33 2,739 55 NA NA 8,384 60,402 18,558 78,960
1988 3,000 40 15,855 6,546 2,373 2,982 14,105 1,729 4,876 32,610 33 2,875 55 NA NA 8,796 63,233 19,478 82,711
1989 2,920 30 16,525 6,559 2,403 3,059 14,050 1,609 4,781 32,462 29 2,802 56 9 52 9,031 63,881 20,850 84,732
1990 2,909 5 16,419 6,326 2,259 3,129 13,872 1,657 4,969 32,211 32 2,310 49 10 55 9,255 63,200 21,255 84,455
1991 2,741 10 16,749 6,126 2,466 3,025 13,781 1,572 4,622 31,592 31 2,299 56 11 57 9,424 62,935 21,444 84,379
1992 2,654 35 17,309 6,277 2,595 3,001 13,973 1,646 4,986 32,478 32 2,384 64 12 59 9,429 64,423 21,309 85,732
1993 2,642 27 17,817 6,380 2,557 3,028 14,236 1,520 4,842 32,563 31 2,322 74 13 60 9,763 65,198 22,097 87,295
1994 2,644 58 17,870 6,598 2,777 3,154 14,466 1,473 5,037 33,505 63 2,405 82 13 62 10,013 66,611 22,400 89,011
1995 2,634 61 18,506 6,704 2,791 3,132 14,794 1,389 4,896 33,705 56 2,480 86 14 63 10,281 67,781 23,214 90,995
1996 2,575 23 19,381 7,059 2,951 3,274 15,049 1,324 5,200 34,857 62 2,576 61 15 64 10,581 70,089 23,916 94,005
1997 2,541 46 19,331 7,187 2,956 3,308 15,231 1,114 5,451 35,246 59 2,473 80 16 63 10,733 70,490 24,167 94,656 [R ]
1998 2,368 67 18,318 7,216 2,809 3,357 15,674 989 5,488 35,533 56 2,282 86 18 62 11,138 69,831 25,102 94,933
1999 2,303 58 18,102 7,447 3,193 3,462 16,008 946 5,589 36,645 50 2,301 90 20 61 11,301 70,837 25,689 96,526
2000 2,356 65 18,590 7,753 3,216 3,580 16,127 1,220 5,254 37,149 43 2,320 99 21 58 11,674 72,289 [R ] 26,405 98,695
2001 2,293 29 17,340 8,000 2,895 3,426 16,345 859 5,431 36,955 33 2,037 108 22 56 11,582 70,376 25,663 96,039
2002 2,120 61 17,793 7,892 3,006 3,340 16,790 947 5,356 37,332 39 2,017 130 24 54 11,824 71,332 26,210 97,542 [R ]
2003 2,139 51 17,632 8,180 2,905 3,265 16,949 902 5,540 37,742 43 2,011 168 27 53 11,921 71,724 26,111 97,835
2004 2,161 138 17,380 8,530 2,976 3,383 17,316 1,111 5,925 39,241 34 2,127 201 30 52 [R ] 12,104 73,413 26,601 100,014
2005 2,058 44 16,596 8,630 2,812 3,475 17,358 1,235 5,831 39,340 33 2,137 227 34 52 [R ] 12,491 72,965 [R ] 27,144 100,109 [R ]
2006 1,984 61 15,899 8,757 2,768 3,379 17,511 1,220 5,924 39,559 30 2,088 280 37 55 [R ] 12,522 72,486 [R ] 26,902 99,388
2007 1,943 25 16,707 8,770 2,835 3,358 17,428 1,262 5,653 39,305 16 2,083 369 41 59 [R ] 12,845 73,380 27,536 100,916
2008 1,872 41 17,049 8,274 2,656 3,193 16,799 1,191 5,019 37,132 17 2,063 519 46 65 [R ] 12,740 71,525 [R ] 27,239 98,764 [R ]
2009 1,468 -24 16,443 7,587 2,707 2,883 16,714 992 4,486 35,370 19 1,949 603 54 69 [R ] 12,272 68,160 [R ] 25,809 93,969 [R ]
2010 1,695 -6 17,083 7,931 2,881 2,963 16,632 1,074 4,576 36,056 17 2,225 727 60 78 [R ] 12,812 70,686 [R ] 26,826 97,511 [R ]
2011 1,628 11 17,281 8,148 2,811 2,950 16,175 965 4,472 35,521 18 2,238 756 64 94 [R ] 12,794 70,348 [R ] 26,516 96,865 [R ]
2012 1,560 4 16,826 7,845 2,887 2,901 16,085 772 4,308 34,798 23 2,165 711 64 116 [R ] 12,606 68,815 [R ] 25,545 94,360 [R ]
2013 1,588 -17 18,447 7,996 3,166 2,969 16,332 654 4,332 35,448 33 2,365 714 64 142 12,709 71,442 [R ] 25,665 97,107 [R ]
2014 1,569 -22 19,054 8,410 3,067 3,042 16,473 495 4,197 35,684 13 2,387 766 64 173 12,845 72,477 25,802 [R ] 98,279
2015 1,411 -18 18,296 8,332 3,221 3,204 16,941 501 4,270 36,470 13 2,305 791 64 199 12,826 72,302 25,074 [R ] 97,376 [R ]
2016 1,230 -19 18,128 8,115 3,184 3,350 17,238 680 4,388 36,954 14 2,225 821 64 242 [R ] 12,838 72,445 24,904 [R ] 97,349 [R ]
2017 1,217 -29 18,547 8,208 3,272 3,481 17,201 718 4,426 37,307 15 2,171 847 64 291 12,704 73,076 24,549 [R ] 97,625 [R ]
2018 1,197 -26 20,284 8,634 3,720 3,533 17,209 650 4,345 38,091 13 2,253 855 64 339 13,168 76,177 [R ] 25,021 [R ] 101,198 [R ]
2019 1,133 -21 20,613 8,572 3,897 3,608 17,166 572 4,319 38,134 11 2,232 835 64 [R ] 382 13,004 76,335 [R ] 24,030 [R ] 100,365 [R ]
2020 954 -13 19,606 [R ] 7,931 3,956 2,234 14,883 426 4,023 33,453 11 2,077 735 64 [R ] 435 [R ] 12,685 69,953 [R ] 22,946 [R ] 92,899 [R ]
2021 1,051 -49 20,112 8,297 4,230 2,835 16,250 664 4,303 36,579 11 2,088 789 64 507 12,986 74,082 23,718 97,800
aIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. kLosses and co-products from the production of biodiesel and fuel ethanol.
bBeginning in 2009, includes biodiesel blended into distillate fuel oil. Beginning in 2011, includes renewable diesel blended into distillate fuel oil.
Excludes biofuels product supplied.
lSolar thermal and photovoltaic energy.
cHydrocarbon gas liquids, include natural gas liquids and refinery olefins. mElectricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers.
dThrough 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 2005, includes kerosene-type jet fuel only; naphtha-type jet fuel is
included in "Other Petroleum."
nBeginning in 1980, adjusted for the double-counting of supplemental gaseous fuels, which are included in both natural gas and the other fossil
fuels from which they are mostly derived, but should be counted only once in End Use and Total. For 1981 through 1992, includes fuel ethanol blended
into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline column. Beginning in 2009, includes a small amount of wind energy consumed by the
commercial and industrial sectors. Beginning in 2021, adjusted for the double-counting of biofuels product supplied.
eBeginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. oIncurred in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity plus plant use and unaccounted for electrical system energy losses.
fIncludes asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, petroleum coke, and the “other petroleum products” category. See Technical
Notes, Section 4.
– – = Not applicable. NA = Not available.
gBeginning in 2014, U.S. total includes other biofuels product supplied not allocated to the states. Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Value less than +0.5 and greater than -0.5.
hConventional hydroelectric power. For 1960 through 1989, includes hydroelectric pumped-storage, which cannot be separately identified. Notes: Total end-use sector consumption estimates are the sum of the consumption estimates for the residential, commercial, industrial, and
transportation sectors. · Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The continuity of these data series estimates may be
affected by changing data sources and estimation methodologies. See the Technical Notes for each type of energy.
iThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of renewable energy sources beginning in 1989. Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
jWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/