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State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table CT8. Electric Power Sector Consumption Estimates, 1960-2021, United States

Table CT8. Electric Power Sector Consumption Estimates, 1960-2021, United States






Year



Coal


Natural
Gas a
Petroleum
Nuclear
Electric
Power


Hydroelectric
Power d
Biomass


Geothermal f



Solar f,g



Wind f

Electricity
Net
Imports h






Total f,i
Distillate
Fuel Oil b
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oil c

Total


Wood
and
Waste e,f
Million
Short Tons
Billion
Cubic Feet

Million Barrels

Billion Kilowatthours

Billion Kilowatthours
1960 177 1,725 4 0 84 88 1 146 – – (s) NA NA 5 – –
1961 182 1,825 4 0 85 89 2 152 – – (s) NA NA 2 – –
1962 193 1,966 4 0 85 89 2 169 – – (s) NA NA 1 – –
1963 211 2,144 4 0 89 93 3 166 – – (s) NA NA (s) – –
1964 225 2,323 4 0 97 101 3 177 – – (s) NA NA 2 – –
1965 245 2,321 5 0 110 115 4 194 – – (s) NA NA (s) – –
1966 266 2,610 6 0 135 141 6 195 – – (s) NA NA 1 – –
1967 274 2,746 7 0 154 161 8 222 – – (s) NA NA (s) – –
1968 298 3,148 10 0 179 189 13 222 – – (s) NA NA -1 – –
1969 311 3,488 15 0 236 251 14 250 – – 1 NA NA 1 – –
1970 320 3,932 24 3 311 339 22 248 – – 1 NA NA 2 – –
1971 327 3,976 34 3 362 399 38 266 – – 1 NA NA 4 – –
1972 352 3,977 53 3 440 497 54 273 – – 1 NA NA 8 – –
1973 389 3,660 47 3 513 563 83 272 – – 2 NA NA 14 – –
1974 392 3,443 53 3 483 539 114 301 – – 2 NA NA 13 – –
1975 406 3,158 39 (s) 467 506 173 300 – – 3 NA NA 6 – –
1976 448 3,081 42 (s) 514 556 191 284 – – 4 NA NA 9 – –
1977 477 3,191 49 (s) 575 624 251 220 – – 4 NA NA 17 – –
1978 481 3,188 48 2 588 638 276 280 – – 3 NA NA 20 – –
1979 527 3,491 31 1 493 525 255 280 – – 4 NA NA 20 – –
1980 569 3,682 29 1 391 421 251 276 – – 5 NA NA 21 – –
1981 597 3,640 21 1 330 352 273 261 – – 6 NA NA 33 – –
1982 594 3,226 15 1 234 251 283 309 – – 5 NA NA 29 – –
1983 625 2,911 17 1 229 247 294 332 – – 6 NA (s) 35 – –
1984 664 3,111 15 1 189 206 328 321 – – 8 (s) (s) 40 – –
1985 694 3,044 15 1 159 175 384 281 – – 9 (s) (s) 41 – –
1986 685 2,602 14 2 216 232 414 291 – – 10 (s) (s) 36 – –
1987 718 2,844 15 2 184 201 455 250 – – 11 (s) (s) 46 – –
1988 758 2,636 19 2 229 250 527 223 – – 10 (s) (s) 32 – –
1989 772 3,105 26 3 244 273 529 269 – – 15 (s) 2 11 – –
1990 783 3,245 17 5 185 207 577 290 – – 15 (s) 3 2 – –
1991 784 3,316 14 5 173 192 613 286 – – 16 (s) 3 20 – –
1992 795 3,448 13 7 139 159 619 250 – – 16 (s) 3 25 – –
1993 832 3,473 15 13 152 180 610 278 – – 17 (s) 3 28 – –
1994 838 3,903 21 12 138 170 640 254 – – 16 (s) 3 45 – –
1995 850 4,237 19 13 90 122 673 305 – – 13 (s) 3 39 – –
1996 897 3,807 19 13 100 132 675 341 – – 14 1 3 40 – –
1997 921 4,065 19 17 114 150 629 351 – – 15 1 3 34 – –
1998 937 4,588 23 21 167 210 674 318 – – 15 1 3 26 – –
1999 941 4,820 24 19 152 195 728 315 – – 15 (s) 4 29 – –
2000 986 5,206 30 16 139 185 754 271 – – 14 (s) 6 34 – –
2001 964 5,342 29 17 160 206 769 214 – – 14 1 7 22 – –
2002 978 5,672 22 29 105 156 780 260 – – 14 1 10 21 – –
2003 1,005 5,135 28 29 138 195 764 272 – – 14 1 11 6 – –
2004 1,016 5,464 19 37 140 196 789 265 – – 15 1 14 11 – –
2005 1,037 5,869 20 40 139 199 782 267 – – 15 1 18 25 – –
2006 1,027 6,222 13 36 57 105 787 286 – – 15 1 27 18 – –
2007 1,045 6,841 15 28 63 107 806 246 – – 15 1 34 31 – –
2008 1,040 6,668 13 26 38 76 806 253 – – 15 1 55 33 – –
2009 934 6,873 12 23 29 64 799 272 – – 15 1 74 34 – –
2010 975 7,387 14 24 25 62 807 258 – – 15 1 95 26 – –
2011 932 7,574 11 24 15 50 790 318 – – 15 2 120 37 – –
2012 824 9,111 9 15 12 36 769 274 – – 16 4 141 47 – –
2013 858 8,191 10 21 12 43 789 265 – – 16 9 168 58 – –
2014 852 8,146 14 21 15 50 797 258 – – 16 17 181 53 – –
2015 738 9,613 12 20 15 47 797 248 – – 16 24 191 66 – –
2016 679 9,985 10 21 11 41 806 266 – – 16 35 227 67 – –
2017 665 9,266 9 17 10 37 805 299 – – 16 53 254 56 – –
2018 637 10,599 [R ] 14 18 12 44 807 291 – – 16 63 272 44 – –
2019 539 11,299 [R ] 9 13 9 32 809 287 – – 15 71 296 39 – –
2020 436 11,632 [R ] 8 15 8 31 790 284 – – 16 [R ] 89 338 [R ] 47 – –
2021 501 11,230 10 15 9 35 778 250 – – 16 115 378 39 – –
Trillion Btu
1960 4,227 1,785 22 0 530 553 6 1,569 2 (s) NA NA 15 8,157
1961 4,355 1,889 22 0 536 557 20 1,621 1 1 NA NA 8 8,452
1962 4,622 2,035 23 0 537 560 26 1,780 1 1 NA NA 2 9,028
1963 5,050 2,220 25 0 560 585 38 1,737 1 2 NA NA (s) 9,634
1964 5,380 2,409 25 0 609 634 40 1,853 2 2 NA NA 7 10,325
1965 5,821 2,408 29 0 693 722 43 2,026 3 2 NA NA (s) 11,026
1966 6,302 2,713 37 0 846 883 64 2,028 3 2 NA NA 4 12,000
1967 6,445 2,853 43 0 967 1,011 88 2,311 3 3 NA NA -1 12,713
1968 6,994 3,263 57 0 1,124 1,181 142 2,313 4 5 NA NA -2 13,900
1969 7,219 3,609 87 0 1,484 1,571 154 2,614 3 6 NA NA 4 15,180
1970 7,228 4,048 141 19 1,958 2,117 239 2,600 4 6 NA NA 7 16,248
1971 7,299 4,092 200 18 2,277 2,495 413 2,790 3 6 NA NA 12 17,110
1972 7,843 4,085 310 19 2,768 3,097 584 2,829 3 15 NA NA 26 18,482
1973 8,660 3,738 273 15 3,226 3,515 910 2,827 3 20 NA NA 49 19,722
1974 8,539 3,511 309 19 3,038 3,365 1,272 3,143 3 26 NA NA 43 19,902
1975 8,789 3,232 226 2 2,937 3,166 1,900 3,122 2 34 NA NA 21 20,266
1976 9,731 3,153 243 2 3,232 3,477 2,111 2,943 3 38 NA NA 29 21,485
1977 10,259 3,282 283 3 3,614 3,901 2,702 2,301 5 37 NA NA 59 22,545
1978 10,253 3,293 276 12 3,699 3,987 3,024 2,905 3 31 NA NA 67 23,565
1979 11,270 3,604 178 8 3,097 3,283 2,776 2,897 5 40 NA NA 69 23,945
1980 12,158 3,804 169 5 2,459 2,634 2,739 2,867 4 53 NA NA 71 24,324
1981 12,623 3,759 124 4 2,073 2,202 3,008 2,725 4 59 NA NA 113 24,487
1982 12,538 3,335 89 4 1,474 1,568 3,131 3,233 3 51 NA NA 100 23,954
1983 13,185 2,992 96 8 1,440 1,544 3,203 3,494 4 64 NA (s) 121 24,601
1984 13,962 3,215 88 8 1,190 1,286 3,553 3,353 9 81 (s) (s) 135 25,590
1985 14,586 3,157 85 7 998 1,090 4,076 2,937 14 97 (s) (s) 140 26,094
1986 14,418 2,689 83 9 1,359 1,452 4,380 3,038 12 108 (s) (s) 122 26,217
1987 15,115 2,934 90 10 1,157 1,257 4,754 2,602 15 112 (s) (s) 158 26,943
1988 15,886 2,708 109 12 1,442 1,563 5,587 2,302 17 106 (s) (s) 108 28,274
1989 16,135 3,191 152 16 1,535 1,703 5,602 2,808 232 152 3 22 37 29,881
1990 16,259 3,333 97 30 1,163 1,289 6,104 3,014 317 161 4 29 8 30,510
1991 16,248 3,399 84 29 1,085 1,198 6,422 2,985 354 167 5 31 67 30,868
1992 16,464 3,535 74 45 872 991 6,479 2,586 402 167 4 30 87 30,737
1993 17,194 3,559 86 79 959 1,124 6,410 2,861 415 173 5 31 95 31,860
1994 17,259 4,000 120 70 869 1,059 6,694 2,620 434 160 5 36 153 32,412
1995 17,465 4,327 108 81 566 755 7,075 3,149 422 138 5 33 134 33,495
1996 18,428 3,882 109 80 628 817 7,087 3,528 438 148 5 33 137 34,497
1997 18,903 4,147 111 102 715 927 6,597 3,581 446 150 5 34 116 34,899
1998 19,216 4,698 136 124 1,047 1,306 7,068 3,241 444 151 5 31 88 36,240
1999 19,279 4,924 140 112 959 1,211 7,610 3,218 453 152 5 46 99 36,990
2000 20,220 5,318 175 99 871 1,144 7,862 2,768 453 144 5 57 115 38,079
2001 19,614 5,496 170 103 1,003 1,276 8,029 2,209 337 142 6 70 75 37,245
2002 19,783 5,789 127 175 659 961 8,145 2,650 380 147 6 105 72 38,034
2003 20,183 5,259 161 175 869 1,205 7,960 2,749 392 146 5 113 22 38,032
2004 20,304 5,609 111 211 879 1,201 8,223 2,655 383 148 6 142 39 38,705
2005 20,735 6,036 114 231 876 1,222 8,161 2,670 401 147 6 178 85 39,635
2006 20,460 6,394 73 203 361 637 8,215 2,839 408 145 5 264 63 39,423
2007 20,805 7,028 89 163 397 648 8,459 2,430 419 145 6 341 107 40,381
2008 20,511 6,849 73 146 240 459 8,426 2,494 431 146 9 546 112 39,979
2009 18,224 7,044 70 132 181 382 8,355 2,650 438 146 9 721 116 38,081
2010 19,133 7,550 80 137 154 370 8,434 2,521 459 148 12 923 89 39,637
2011 18,035 7,734 64 138 93 295 8,269 3,085 437 149 17 1,167 127 39,311
2012 15,821 9,313 52 85 77 214 8,062 2,606 453 148 40 1,339 161 38,152
2013 16,450 8,398 55 123 77 255 8,244 2,529 470 151 83 1,600 197 38,374
2014 16,427 8,385 82 118 95 295 8,338 2,454 530 151 165 1,726 182 38,647 [R ]
2015 14,138 9,945 70 112 94 276 8,337 2,306 [R ] 525 148 228 1,775 [R ] 227 37,899 [R ]
2016 12,997 10,325 55 118 71 244 8,427 2,458 [R ] 505 146 328 2,093 [R ] 227 37,741 [R ]
2017 12,622 9,578 55 97 66 218 8,419 2,751 [R ] 510 147 485 [R ] 2,340 [R ] 192 37,253 [R ]
2018 12,053 10,952 [R ] 80 101 78 260 8,438 2,649 [R ] 496 145 575 [R ] 2,478 [R ] 152 38,188 [R ]
2019 10,181 11,687 [R ] 54 76 59 188 8,452 2,551 [R ] 448 138 [R ] 634 [R ] 2,631 [R ] 133 37,034 [R ]
2020 8,229 12,023 [R ] 44 87 53 184 8,251 [R ] 2,490 [R ] 428 139 [R ] 776 [R ] 2,960 [R ] 161 35,631 [R ]
2021 9,496 11,614 60 88 57 205 8,129 2,214 426 141 1,013 3,342 134 36,704
aIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. hElectricity traded with Canada and Mexico. Btu value calculated by converting net imports in kilowatthours by 3,412
Btu per kilowatthour.
bPrior to 1980, based on oil used in internal combustion and gas turbine engine plants. For 1980 through 2000,
distillate fuel oil includes fuel oil Nos. 1 and 2, and small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.
iBeginning in 1980, adjusted for the double-counting of supplemental gaseous fuels, which are included in both natural
gas and the other fossil fuels from which they are mostly derived, but should be counted only once in the total.
cPrior to 1980, based on oil used in steam plants. For 1980 through 2000, residual fuel oil includes fuel oil Nos. 4, 5,
and 6.
– – = Not applicable. NA = Not available.
dConventional hydroelectric power. For 1960 through 1989, includes pumped-storage hydroelectricity, which cannot be
separately identified.
Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Value less than +0.5 and greater than -0.5.
eWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The electric power sector consists of
electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell
electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. · Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data
include independent power producers. · The continuity of these data series estimates may be affected by the changing
data sources and estimation methodologies. See the Technical Notes for each type of energy.
fThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of renewable energy
sources beginning in 1989.
Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
gSolar thermal and photovoltaic energy. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes.
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/