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State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table CT5. Commercial Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 1960-2021, Alabama

Table CT5. Commercial Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 1960-2021, Alabama






Year



Coal


Natural
Gas a
Petroleum
Hydro-
electric
Power e,f
Biomass





Geothermal f



Solar f,h



Electricity i





End
Use f,j



Electrical
System
Energy
Losses k






Total f,j
Distillate
Fuel Oil

HGL b

Kerosene
Motor
Gasoline c
Residual
Fuel Oil

Total d


Wood
and
Waste f,g
Thousand
Short Tons
Billion
Cubic Feet

Thousand Barrels
Million
Kilowatthours
Million
Kilowatthours
1960 112 17 264 685 294 327 (s) 1,571 NA – – – – NA 2,390 – – – – – –
1961 78 27 132 738 186 329 (s) 1,386 NA – – – – NA 2,434 – – – – – –
1962 125 29 179 765 108 331 (s) 1,384 NA – – – – NA 2,729 – – – – – –
1963 132 33 178 833 161 163 (s) 1,336 NA – – – – NA 2,944 – – – – – –
1964 61 34 242 917 199 311 (s) 1,669 NA – – – – NA 3,203 – – – – – –
1965 42 32 175 871 306 327 (s) 1,679 NA – – – – NA 3,443 – – – – – –
1966 45 32 191 1,021 493 336 (s) 2,042 NA – – – – NA 3,608 – – – – – –
1967 39 30 151 1,073 224 347 (s) 1,795 NA – – – – NA 3,882 – – – – – –
1968 41 35 183 1,421 291 367 (s) 2,261 NA – – – – NA 4,238 – – – – – –
1969 56 37 199 1,651 443 376 (s) 2,669 NA – – – – NA 4,730 – – – – – –
1970 56 36 264 1,603 426 391 (s) 2,685 NA – – – – NA 5,144 – – – – – –
1971 54 37 260 1,718 282 410 (s) 2,669 NA – – – – NA 5,395 – – – – – –
1972 68 37 412 1,884 192 416 (s) 2,904 NA – – – – NA 5,868 – – – – – –
1973 60 33 493 1,718 447 437 1 3,095 NA – – – – NA 6,484 – – – – – –
1974 25 35 580 1,392 248 446 1 2,667 NA – – – – NA 6,686 – – – – – –
1975 14 33 547 1,276 242 453 1 2,519 NA – – – – NA 6,493 – – – – – –
1976 9 34 892 1,456 212 465 1 3,027 NA – – – – NA 6,480 – – – – – –
1977 20 34 807 1,553 285 497 2 3,143 NA – – – – NA 6,683 – – – – – –
1978 140 30 723 1,264 355 502 1 2,846 NA – – – – NA 6,833 – – – – – –
1979 123 37 660 775 246 493 1 2,174 NA – – – – NA 6,752 – – – – – –
1980 180 29 641 844 176 258 3 1,922 NA – – – – NA 7,190 – – – – – –
1981 72 27 996 874 57 268 0 2,195 NA – – – – NA 9,131 – – – – – –
1982 101 26 237 747 331 268 160 1,743 NA – – – – NA 9,307 – – – – – –
1983 112 27 954 889 94 253 23 2,213 NA – – – – NA 9,440 – – – – – –
1984 116 28 755 656 14 229 15 1,669 NA – – – – NA 8,454 – – – – – –
1985 96 26 913 680 16 251 514 2,373 NA – – – – NA 8,805 – – – – – –
1986 99 25 719 778 29 253 558 2,337 NA – – – – NA 9,292 – – – – – –
1987 102 22 719 924 49 260 383 2,334 NA – – – – NA 9,930 – – – – – –
1988 115 26 714 904 13 243 707 2,581 NA – – – – NA 10,239 – – – – – –
1989 56 26 869 990 14 223 497 2,593 0 – – – – 0 11,113 – – – – – –
1990 84 24 739 876 11 258 606 2,489 0 – – – – 0 11,589 – – – – – –
1991 14 24 740 753 15 160 242 1,911 0 – – – – 0 11,948 – – – – – –
1992 73 25 776 721 17 138 0 1,653 0 – – – – 0 11,554 – – – – – –
1993 33 26 766 932 13 41 0 1,753 0 – – – – 0 11,906 – – – – – –
1994 9 26 939 912 11 41 1 1,904 0 – – – – 0 12,503 – – – – – –
1995 6 26 644 928 10 42 3 1,626 0 – – – – 0 12,845 – – – – – –
1996 39 29 556 952 9 42 1 1,560 0 – – – – 0 13,948 – – – – – –
1997 65 32 537 980 9 41 0 1,568 0 – – – – 0 17,043 – – – – – –
1998 8 26 567 844 21 41 0 1,474 0 – – – – 0 18,307 – – – – – –
1999 20 28 570 1,522 6 41 0 2,138 0 – – – – 0 18,820 – – – – – –
2000 47 26 748 1,605 9 41 (s) 2,403 0 – – – – 0 19,734 – – – – – –
2001 14 26 837 1,294 26 43 0 2,200 0 – – – – 0 19,607 – – – – – –
2002 3 25 783 1,099 16 43 0 1,942 0 – – – – 0 20,430 – – – – – –
2003 3 25 1,092 920 24 43 0 2,079 0 – – – – 0 20,411 – – – – – –
2004 (s) 26 1,105 914 25 44 0 2,087 0 – – – – 0 21,166 – – – – – –
2005 2 25 749 524 18 44 8 1,344 0 – – – – 0 21,608 – – – – – –
2006 23 24 1,533 670 10 45 1 2,258 0 – – – – 0 22,120 – – – – – –
2007 1 23 1,265 629 5 45 0 1,944 0 – – – – 0 22,873 – – – – – –
2008 0 25 991 813 2 45 0 1,851 0 – – – – 0 22,533 – – – – – –
2009 0 24 977 573 1 45 0 1,595 0 – – – – 0 21,918 – – – – – –
2010 0 27 1,138 655 2 44 0 1,839 0 – – – – (s) 22,984 – – – – – –
2011 0 25 1,210 689 2 44 0 1,945 0 – – – – (s) 22,257 – – – – – –
2012 0 22 1,122 534 1 44 0 1,701 0 – – – – 1 21,799 – – – – – –
2013 0 25 735 582 2 46 0 1,365 0 – – – – 3 22,603 – – – – – –
2014 0 28 677 568 3 44 0 1,291 0 – – – – 3 22,929 – – – – – –
2015 0 25 751 438 2 1,027 0 2,218 0 – – – – 3 23,438 – – – – – –
2016 0 24 844 447 2 1,312 0 2,606 0 – – – – 5 23,634 – – – – – –
2017 0 23 841 530 1 1,052 0 2,424 0 – – – – 5 22,744 – – – – – –
2018 0 27 859 560 2 1,112 11 2,544 0 – – – – 7 23,483 – – – – – –
2019 0 25 803 550 2 1,121 0 2,476 0 – – – – 10 23,076 – – – – – –
2020 0 23 644 578 3 1,129 11 2,365 0 – – – – 10 21,308 – – – – – –
2021 0 26 815 716 2 1,142 4 2,679 0 – – – – 13 21,844 – – – – – –
Trillion Btu
1960 2.8 18.1 1.5 2.6 1.7 1.7 (s) 7.6 NA 0.4 NA NA 8.2 37.0 20.2 57.2
1961 1.9 27.5 0.8 2.8 1.1 1.7 (s) 6.4 NA 0.4 NA NA 8.3 44.6 20.2 64.7
1962 3.1 30.1 1.0 2.9 0.6 1.7 (s) 6.3 NA 0.4 NA NA 9.3 49.2 22.4 71.6
1963 3.3 34.0 1.0 3.2 0.9 0.9 (s) 6.0 NA 0.3 NA NA 10.0 53.7 24.0 77.7
1964 1.5 35.6 1.4 3.5 1.1 1.6 (s) 7.7 NA 0.3 NA NA 10.9 56.1 26.0 82.0
1965 1.1 33.0 1.0 3.3 1.7 1.7 (s) 7.8 NA 0.3 NA NA 11.7 54.0 28.0 82.0
1966 1.1 32.7 1.1 3.9 2.8 1.8 (s) 9.6 NA 0.3 NA NA 12.3 56.0 29.5 85.5
1967 1.0 31.3 0.9 4.1 1.3 1.8 (s) 8.1 NA 0.3 NA NA 13.2 53.9 31.6 85.5
1968 1.0 35.9 1.1 5.5 1.6 1.9 (s) 10.1 NA 0.2 NA NA 14.5 61.7 34.5 96.2
1969 1.4 38.5 1.2 6.3 2.5 2.0 (s) 12.0 NA 0.2 NA NA 16.1 68.2 38.5 106.7
1970 1.3 37.4 1.5 6.2 2.4 2.1 (s) 12.2 NA 0.2 NA NA 17.6 68.6 42.5 111.1
1971 1.3 37.8 1.5 6.6 1.6 2.2 (s) 11.9 NA 0.2 NA NA 18.4 69.5 44.4 113.9
1972 1.6 38.5 2.4 7.2 1.1 2.2 (s) 12.9 NA 0.2 NA NA 20.0 73.3 47.9 121.2
1973 1.4 34.1 2.9 6.6 2.5 2.3 (s) 14.3 NA 0.2 NA NA 22.1 72.1 52.5 124.6
1974 0.6 36.3 3.4 5.3 1.4 2.3 (s) 12.5 NA 0.2 NA NA 22.8 72.4 55.2 127.5
1975 0.3 34.4 3.2 4.9 1.4 2.4 (s) 11.8 NA 0.2 NA NA 22.2 68.9 53.1 122.1
1976 0.2 35.4 5.2 5.6 1.2 2.4 (s) 14.4 NA 0.2 NA NA 22.1 72.4 52.9 125.3
1977 0.5 35.3 4.7 6.0 1.6 2.6 (s) 14.9 NA 0.2 NA NA 22.8 73.7 54.5 128.2
1978 3.4 30.5 4.2 4.9 2.0 2.6 (s) 13.7 NA 0.2 NA NA 23.3 71.1 56.5 127.6
1979 2.9 37.7 3.8 3.0 1.4 2.6 (s) 10.8 NA 0.2 NA NA 23.0 74.7 55.0 129.7
1980 4.3 29.5 3.7 3.2 1.0 1.4 (s) 9.3 NA 0.4 NA NA 24.5 68.1 58.9 127.0
1981 1.7 27.8 5.8 3.4 0.3 1.4 0.0 10.9 NA 0.4 NA NA 31.2 72.0 73.0 145.0
1982 2.5 27.2 1.4 2.9 1.9 1.4 1.0 8.5 NA 0.6 NA NA 31.8 70.5 75.1 145.6
1983 2.7 27.7 5.6 3.4 0.5 1.3 0.1 11.0 NA 0.5 NA NA 32.2 74.0 75.7 149.8
1984 2.8 28.5 4.4 2.5 0.1 1.2 0.1 8.3 NA 0.6 NA NA 28.8 69.1 65.8 134.8
1985 2.3 26.8 5.3 2.6 0.1 1.3 3.2 12.6 NA 0.7 NA NA 30.0 72.5 68.8 141.3
1986 2.5 26.0 4.2 3.0 0.2 1.3 3.5 12.2 NA 0.8 NA NA 31.7 73.1 71.1 144.3
1987 2.6 23.1 4.2 3.5 0.3 1.4 2.4 11.8 NA 0.7 NA NA 33.9 72.1 75.0 147.1
1988 3.0 26.3 4.2 3.5 0.1 1.3 4.4 13.4 NA 0.8 NA NA 34.9 78.5 77.4 155.8
1989 1.4 27.3 5.1 3.8 0.1 1.2 3.1 13.2 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 37.9 81.7 87.5 169.2
1990 2.1 25.0 4.3 3.4 0.1 1.4 3.8 12.9 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 39.5 81.1 89.1 170.3
1991 0.3 24.4 4.3 2.9 0.1 0.8 1.5 9.7 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 40.8 76.8 89.6 166.5
1992 1.8 25.9 4.5 2.8 0.1 0.7 0.0 8.1 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.0 39.4 77.0 85.8 162.8
1993 0.8 26.5 4.5 3.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 8.3 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 40.6 77.9 87.8 165.7
1994 0.2 26.3 5.5 3.5 0.1 0.2 (s) 9.2 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 42.7 80.1 91.0 171.1
1995 0.2 27.0 3.7 3.6 0.1 0.2 (s) 7.6 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 43.8 80.2 93.5 173.8
1996 1.0 30.0 3.2 3.7 0.1 0.2 (s) 7.2 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 47.6 87.4 100.7 188.1
1997 1.6 33.7 3.1 3.8 0.1 0.2 0.0 7.2 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 58.2 101.7 123.6 225.3
1998 0.2 26.7 3.3 3.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 6.9 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 62.5 97.2 134.1 231.3
1999 0.5 28.6 3.3 5.8 (s) 0.2 0.0 9.4 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 64.2 103.7 137.6 241.3
2000 1.2 26.7 4.4 6.2 0.1 0.2 (s) 10.8 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 67.3 107.1 143.7 250.8
2001 0.3 27.2 4.9 5.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 10.2 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 66.9 105.6 138.0 243.6
2002 0.1 25.7 4.6 4.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 9.1 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 69.7 105.6 144.6 250.2
2003 0.1 26.1 6.4 3.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 10.2 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 69.6 107.1 142.2 249.3
2004 (s) 27.1 6.4 3.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 10.3 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 72.2 110.6 147.4 258.0
2005 (s) 25.8 4.4 2.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 6.8 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 73.7 107.1 153.7 260.8
2006 0.6 25.1 8.9 2.6 0.1 0.2 (s) 11.8 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 75.5 113.6 154.7 268.3
2007 (s) 24.0 7.3 2.4 (s) 0.2 0.0 10.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 78.0 112.8 163.6 276.4
2008 0.0 25.8 5.7 3.1 (s) 0.2 0.0 9.1 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 76.9 112.5 158.7 271.3
2009 0.0 24.9 5.6 2.2 (s) 0.2 0.0 8.1 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 74.8 108.8 148.3 257.1
2010 0.0 27.5 6.6 2.5 (s) 0.2 0.0 9.3 0.0 0.9 0.0 (s) 78.4 116.2 154.3 270.5
2011 0.0 25.6 7.0 2.6 (s) 0.2 0.0 9.9 0.0 0.9 0.0 (s) 75.9 112.3 144.8 257.1
2012 0.0 21.9 6.5 2.1 (s) 0.2 0.0 8.8 0.0 0.8 0.0 (s) 74.4 105.8 139.1 244.9
2013 0.0 25.7 4.2 2.2 (s) 0.2 0.0 6.7 0.0 0.9 0.0 (s) 77.1 110.5 146.2 256.8
2014 0.0 28.1 3.9 2.2 (s) 0.2 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.9 0.0 (s) 78.2 113.6 148.8 262.5
2015 0.0 25.9 4.3 1.7 (s) 5.2 0.0 11.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 (s) 80.0 117.4 146.1 263.5
2016 0.0 24.2 4.9 1.7 (s) 6.6 0.0 13.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 (s) 80.6 118.4 144.5 262.9
2017 0.0 23.6 4.8 2.0 (s) 5.3 0.0 12.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 77.6 113.7 140.8 254.5 [R ]
2018 0.0 27.4 4.9 2.2 (s) 5.6 0.1 12.8 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 80.1 120.7 143.2 [R ] 263.8 [R ]
2019 0.0 25.6 4.6 2.1 (s) 5.7 0.0 12.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 78.7 117.1 140.8 [R ] 257.9 [R ]
2020 0.0 23.6 3.7 2.2 (s) 5.7 0.1 11.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 72.7 108.4 127.9 [R ] 236.3 [R ]
2021 0.0 26.5 4.7 2.7 (s) 5.8 (s) 13.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 74.5 114.7 132.8 247.5
aIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. iElectricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers.
bHydrocarbon gas liquids, assumed to be propane only. jBeginning in 1980, adjusted for the double-counting of supplemental gaseous fuels, which are included in both natural gas and
the other fossil fuels from which they are mostly derived, but should be counted only once in End Use and Total. For 1981 through
1992, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline column. Beginning in 2009, includes
a small amount of wind energy consumed by commercial utility-scale facilities.
cBeginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. There is a discontinuity in this time series between 2014
and 2015 because of coverage. See Technical Notes, Section 4.
kIncurred in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity plus plant use and unaccounted for electrical system energy
losses. Pre-1990 estimates are not comparable to those for later years. See Section 6 of Technical Notes for an explanation of
changes in methodology.
dIncludes small amounts of petroleum coke not shown separately. – – = Not applicable. NA = Not available.
eConventional hydroelectric power. For 1960 through 1989, includes hydroelectric pumped-storage, which cannot be separately
identified.
Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Physical unit value less than 0.5 or Btu value less than 0.05.
fThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of renewable energy sources
beginning in 1989.
Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The commercial sector includes commercial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants. · The continuity of these data series estimates may be
affected by changing data sources and estimation methodologies. See the Technical Notes for each type of energy.
gWood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste. Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
hSolar thermal and photovoltaic energy. Excludes a small amount of solar thermal energy consumed as heat that is included in the
residential sector.
Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes.
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/