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North Dakota   North Dakota Profile

State Profile and Energy Estimates

Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Profile DataPrint State Energy Profile
(overview, data, & analysis)

Last Update: March 21, 2024 Next Update: April 18, 2024                                                                                                                                               See full record of updates

Data in this section highlight only a small number of the many series available for this state. Use the "more" links on this page or the "Find" tool to access EIA's additional state-level data.

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Energy Indicators  
Demography North Dakota Share of U.S. Period
Population 0.8 million 0.2% 2022  
Civilian Labor Force 0.4 million 0.2% Jan-24  
Economy North Dakota U.S. Rank Period
Gross Domestic Product $ 73.3 billion 45 2022  
Gross Domestic Product for the Manufacturing Sector $ 5,017 million 44 2022  
Per Capita Personal Income $ 66,184 16 2022  
Vehicle Miles Traveled 9,180 million miles 47 2022  
Land in Farms 39.2 million acres 7 2022  
Climate North Dakota U.S. Rank Period
Average Temperature 42.1 degrees Fahrenheit 48 2023  
Precipitation 17.4 inches 45 2023  
Prices  
Petroleum North Dakota U.S. Average Period find more
Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase $ 65.67 /barrel $ 71.00 /barrel Dec-23  
Natural Gas North Dakota U.S. Average Period find more
City Gate $ 3.18 /thousand cu ft $ 4.39 /thousand cu ft Dec-23 find more
Residential $ 6.75 /thousand cu ft $ 12.94 /thousand cu ft Dec-23 find more
Coal North Dakota U.S. Average Period find more
Average Sales Price $ 20.61 /short ton $ 54.46 /short ton 2022  
Delivered to Electric Power Sector $ 1.84 /million Btu $ 2.48 /million Btu Dec-23  
Electricity North Dakota U.S. Average Period find more
Residential 10.23 cents/kWh 15.73 cents/kWh Dec-23 find more
Commercial 7.14 cents/kWh 12.39 cents/kWh Dec-23 find more
Industrial 6.72 cents/kWh 7.66 cents/kWh Dec-23 find more
Reserves  
Reserves North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Crude Oil (as of Dec. 31) 4,353 million barrels 10.6% 2021 find more
Expected Future Production of Dry Natural Gas (as of Dec. 31) 9,224 billion cu ft 1.6% 2021 find more
Expected Future Production of Natural Gas Plant Liquids 1,522 million barrels 5.8% 2021 find more
Recoverable Coal at Producing Mines 593 million short tons 5.3% 2022 find more
Rotary Rigs & Wells North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Natural Gas Producing Wells 1,548 wells 0.3% 2020 find more
Capacity North Dakota Share of U.S. Period
Crude Oil Refinery Capacity (as of Jan. 1) 71,000 barrels/calendar day 0.4% 2023  
Electric Power Industry Net Summer Capacity 9,409 MW 0.8% Dec-23  
Supply & Distribution  
Production North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Total Energy 4,310 trillion Btu 4.4% 2021 find more
Crude Oil 1,285 thousand barrels per day 9.7% Dec-23 find more
Natural Gas - Marketed 1,007,621 million cu ft 2.6% 2022 find more
Coal 26,731 thousand short tons 4.5% 2022 find more
Total Utility-Scale Net Electricity Generation North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Total Net Electricity Generation 3,755 thousand MWh 1.1% Dec-23  
Utility-Scale Net Electricity Generation (share of total) North Dakota U.S. Average Period
Petroleum-Fired 0.2 % 0.3 % Dec-23 find more
Natural Gas-Fired 4.5 % 42.2 % Dec-23 find more
Coal-Fired 54.2 % 16.2 % Dec-23 find more
Nuclear 0.0 % 19.9 % Dec-23 find more
Renewables 41.1 % 20.9 % Dec-23  
Stocks North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Motor Gasoline (Excludes Pipelines) 73 thousand barrels 0.5% Dec-23  
Distillate Fuel Oil (Excludes Pipelines) 974 thousand barrels 1.0% Dec-23 find more
Natural Gas in Underground Storage -- -- Dec-23 find more
Petroleum Stocks at Electric Power Producers 34 thousand barrels 0.1% Dec-23 find more
Coal Stocks at Electric Power Producers W W Dec-23 find more
Fueling Stations North Dakota Share of U.S. Period
Motor Gasoline 438 stations 0.4% 2021  
Propane 16 stations 0.7% Feb-24  
Electric Vehicle Charging Locations 95 stations 0.2% Feb-24  
E85 37 stations 0.9% Feb-24  
Biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas, and Other Alternative Fuels 0 stations 0.0% Feb-24  
Consumption & Expenditures  
Summary North Dakota U.S. Rank Period
Total Consumption 704 trillion Btu 39 2021 find more
Total Consumption per Capita 905 million Btu 3 2021 find more
Total Expenditures $ 6,175 million 42 2021 find more
Total Expenditures per Capita $ 7,938 3 2021 find more
by End-Use Sector North Dakota Share of U.S. Period
Consumption
    »  Residential 70 trillion Btu 0.3% 2021 find more
    »  Commercial 92 trillion Btu 0.5% 2021 find more
    »  Industrial 404 trillion Btu 1.2% 2021 find more
    »  Transportation 137 trillion Btu 0.5% 2021 find more
Expenditures
    »  Residential $ 770 million 0.3% 2021 find more
    »  Commercial $ 835 million 0.4% 2021 find more
    »  Industrial $ 2,127 million 0.9% 2021 find more
    »  Transportation $ 2,443 million 0.4% 2021 find more
by Source North Dakota Share of U.S. Period
Consumption
    »  Petroleum 32 million barrels 0.4% 2021 find more
    »  Natural Gas 188 billion cu ft 0.6% 2022 find more
    »  Coal 26,979 thousand short tons 5.2% 2022 find more
Expenditures
    »  Petroleum $ 3,730 million 0.5% 2021 find more
    »  Natural Gas $ 690 million 0.3% 2022 find more
    »  Coal $ 605 million 2.3% 2022 find more
Consumption for Electricity Generation North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Petroleum 12 thousand barrels 0.7% Dec-23 find more
Natural Gas 1,595 million cu ft 0.2% Dec-23 find more
Coal 1,684 thousand tons 5.3% Dec-23 find more
Energy Source Used for Home Heating (share of households) North Dakota U.S. Average Period
Natural Gas 44.2 % 46.2 % 2022  
Fuel Oil 1.7 % 3.9 % 2022  
Electricity 36.8 % 41.3 % 2022  
Propane 13.4 % 5.0 % 2022  
Other/None 3.8 % 3.5 % 2022  
Environment  
Renewable Energy Capacity North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Total Renewable Energy Electricity Net Summer Capacity 4,846 MW 1.5% Dec-23  
Ethanol Plant Nameplate Capacity 531 million gal/year 3.0% 2023  
Renewable Energy Production North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Utility-Scale Hydroelectric Net Electricity Generation 118 thousand MWh 0.6% Dec-23  
Utility-Scale Solar, Wind, and Geothermal Net Electricity Generation 1,426 thousand MWh 2.9% Dec-23  
Utility-Scale Biomass Net Electricity Generation 0 thousand MWh 0.0% Dec-23  
Small-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Generation 0 thousand MWh 0.0% Dec-23  
Fuel Ethanol Production 12,404 thousand barrels 3.5% 2021  
Renewable Energy Consumption North Dakota U.S. Rank Period find more
Renewable Energy Consumption as a Share of State Total 26.4 % 8 2021  
Fuel Ethanol Consumption 1,026 thousand barrels 46 2021  
Total Emissions North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Carbon Dioxide 56.5 million metric tons 1.2% 2021  
Electric Power Industry Emissions North Dakota Share of U.S. Period find more
Carbon Dioxide 28,813 thousand metric tons 1.7% 2022  
Sulfur Dioxide 32 thousand metric tons 3.0% 2022  
Nitrogen Oxide 28 thousand metric tons 2.3% 2022  

Notes & Sources

-- = No data reported.
*  = Value is less than half of the smallest unit of measure (e.g., for values with no decimals, the smallest unit is 1 then values less than 0.5 are shown as *.)
NA = Not available.
NM = Not meaningful due to large relative standard error or excessive percentage change.
W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.
Note: Small differences between source data and values displayed here may be due to independent rounding.
Note: Components of "Utility-scale net electricity generation (share of total)" may not add to 100% because "Total utility-scale net electricity generation" includes net generation from petroleum coke, pumped storage hydroelectric, other gases, and other energy sources, which are not shown separately.
Note: Territory data may be estimates based on EIA's Short-Term Energy Outlook.