Table 5.  Cost and Efficiency Indexes of Best Available Technologies for Selected
Residential Appliances, 2015
(1998 Values = 1.00)

Technology

Cost

Efficiency

1990+9%
Low Technology

1990+9%

1990+9%
High Technology

1990+9%
Low Technology

1990+9%

1990+9%
High Technology

Air-Source Heat Pump

1.00

0.99

0.98

1.00

1.09

1.18

Ground-Source Heat Pump

1.00

0.86

0.56

1.00

1.05

1.08

Natural Gas Heat Pump

1.00

0.81

0.75

1.00

1.00

1.00

Natural Gas Water Heater

1.00

0.76

0.85

1.00

1.00

1.63

Solar Water Heater

1.00

1.00

0.73

1.00

1.00

1.67

Electric Water Heater

1.00

1.00

0.73

1.00

1.04

1.17

Source: Office of Integrated Analysis and Forecasting, National Energy Modeling System runs FREEZE09.D080798A, FD09ABV.D080398B, and HITECH09.D080698A, computed from Technology Forecast Updates—Residential and Commercial Building Technologies, Draft Report (Arthur D. Little, Inc., June 1998).