Notes and Sources
66. James T. Jensen of Jensen Associates in Weston, MA, stated in a presentation on “Increasing Global LNG Investments” to the LNG North America Summit 2007 in Houston, TX, June 20, 2007, that, “At the turn of the decade, LNG plant construction costs were approaching $200/ton of capacity but current costs are a multiple of that level and there have been several ‘problem trains’ that have been quoted at $1,200/ton and above.”
67. Zeus Development Corporation of Houston, TX, has reported that costs for the Gros Cacouna terminal on the St. Lawrence River have nearly doubled from initial estimates and that the terminal is being put on hold while cost-cutting options to reduce costs to under $1 billion are studied. See “Spiraling Costs Impact Petro-Canada’s LNG Terminal, Delay Decision,” LNG Express (August 1, 2007), web site www.lngexpress. com (subscription site).
68. According to Keith Bainbridge of London-based LNG Shipping Solutions, the price of a standard sized ship, estimated at around $155 million in late 2003, has risen to between $215 and $230 million in 2007.
69. Wood Mackenzie Research and Consulting, “Global LNG Online,” web site www.woodmacresearch.com/cgi-bin/wmprod/portal/energy/productMicrosite.jsp? productOID=664070 (available to subscribers only).
70. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Outlook 2007, DOE/EIA-0484(2007) (Washington, DC, May 2007), web site www.eia.gov/oiaf/ieo.
71. Japan, South Korea, Spain, United States, France, Turkey, Belgium, United Kingdom, Italy, Mexico, Portugal, and Greece.
72. Taiwan, India, China, Puerto Rico, and Dominican Republic.
73. Indonesia, Malaysia, Qatar, Algeria, Trinidad and Tobago, Nigeria, Oman, Brunei, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Libya.
74. Embassy of the United States, Jakarta, Indonesia, Country Commercial Guide – Indonesia Fiscal Year 2003, Chapter 7, “Investment Climate Statement,” p. 61, web site www.usembassyjakarta.org/ccg/ccg.html.
75. Government of Western Australia, Department of the Premier and Cabinet, WA Government Policy on Securing Domestic Gas Supplies (October 2006), web site www.doir.wa.gov.au/documents/DomGas_Policy(1). pdf.
76. Gas Infrastructure Europe’s “Storage Investment Database” for November 2007 listed new storage projects in Europe with a total of 1.47 trillion cubic feet of working capacity—including 0.96 trillion cubic feet in OECD countries—that had planned operational dates before 2016 and were designated as either aquifer or depleted reservoir types (commonly used for seasonal storage). The database included projects placed in operation after June 2007, under construction, committed (evaluated by the company with detailed studies and possibly undergoing planning and permitting stages), or planned (at an early evaluation stage). Four types of capacity were included: aquifer, LNG peak shaving, reservoir, and salt cavity. See Gas Infrastructure Europe, “Storage Investment Database,” web site www.gie.eu.com/maps_data/database.html.
77. BG Group, “BG Group Finalises Agreement To Meet Natural Gas Demand in Chile,” Press Release (June 4, 2007), web site www.bg-group.com/MediaCentre/ PressArchive/2007/Pages/060407-sx.aspx. |