Definitions, Sources and Explanatory Notes

 Category:   Petroleum Consumption/Sales
 Topic:   Adjusted Sales of Fuel Oil and Kerosene: Residual Fuel Oil by End Use

  Definitions

Key Terms Definition
Adjusted Sales Distillate fuel oil sales estimates have been adjusted at the PADD district level to equal published EIA volume estimates of petroleum products supplied in the U.S. marketplace. The kerosene and residual fuel oil sales estimates have been adjusted at the national level. The products supplied estimates can be found in the Petroleum Supply Annual for the appropriate year.

In addition, electric power generation data and on-highway diesel data are used in lieu of adjusted survey results. For details, see Technical Note 3 in the Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales report.
All Other Sales for all other energy-consuming sectors not included elsewhere.
Commercial An energy-consuming sector that consists of service-providing facilities and equipment of nonmanufacturing businesses; Federal, State, and local governments; and other private and public organizations, such as religious, social, or fraternal groups. The commercial sector includes institutional living quarters. Common uses of energy associated with this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking and running a wide variety of other equipment.
Electric Utility An energy-consuming sector that consists of electricity only and combined heat and power (CHP) plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public -- i.e., NAICS 22 plants. Volumes directly imported and used by the electric power companies are included.
Industrial An energy-consuming sector that consists of all facilities and equipment used for producing, processing, or assembling goods. The industrial sector encompasses the following types of activity: manufacturing and mining. Overall energy use in this sector is largely for process heat and cooling and powering machinery, with lesser amounts used for facility heating, air conditioning, and lighting. Fossil fuels are also used as raw material inputs to manufactured products.
Military An energy-consuming sector that consists of the U.S. Armed Forces, Defense Energy Support Center (DESC), and all branches of the Department of Defense (DOD).
Oil Company An energy-consuming sector that consists of drilling companies, pipelines or other related oil companies not engaged in the selling of petroleum products. Includes fuel oil that was purchased or produced and used by company facilities for operation of drilling equipment, other field or refinery operations, and space heating at petroleum refineries, pipeline companies, and oil-drilling companies. Sales to other oil companies for field use are included, but sales for use as refinery charging stocks are excluded.
Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD): PADD 1 (East Coast):
   PADD 1A (New England): Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont.
   PADD 1B (Central Atlantic): Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania.
   PADD 1C (Lower Atlantic): Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia.
PADD 2 (Midwest): Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin.
PADD 3 (Gulf Coast): Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Texas.
PADD 4 (Rocky Mountain): Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming.
PADD 5 (West Coast): Alaska (North Slope and Other Mainland), Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, Washington.
Residual Fuel Oils The topped crude of refinery operations, which includes No. 5 and No. 6 fuel oils, as defined in ASTM Specification D 396 and Federal Specification, VV-F-815C; Navy Special fuel oil as defined in Military Specification MIL-F-859E including Amendment 2 (NATO symbol F-77); and Bunker C fuel oil. Residual fuel oil is used for the production of electric power, space heating, vessel bunkering, and various industrial purposes.
United States The 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Vessel Bunkering An energy-consuming sector that consists of commercial or private boats, such as pleasure craft, fishing boats, tugboats, and ocean-going vessels, including vessels operated by oil companies. Excluded are volumes sold to the U.S. Armed Forces.

For definitions of related energy terms, refer to the EIA Energy Glossary.

  Sources

Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-821, "Annual Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales Report" ( Form/Instructions ,   Background, Survey Methodology and Statistical Details ) and Petroum Supply Annual, Volume 1.

  Explanatory Notes

  • For further explanation of Electric Power, see Technical Note 3 in the Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales report.
  • Respondents to the EIA-821 survey were instructed to report all volumes in accordance with what the product was sold as, regardless of the actual specifications of that product. For example, if a No. 2 distillate was sold as a heating oil or fuel oil, the volume would be reported in the category "No. 2 Fuel Oil" even if the product conformed to the higher specification of a diesel fuel.
  • Beginning in 1985 the Railroad residual category was deleted, and the data was reported with "All Other" residual fuel oil.
  • Beginning in 2001 "Electric Power" has replaced "Electric Utility" to ensure that products sold to/used by both utility and nonutility power producers are included.
  • From 1984 and 1985 residual fuel data are adjusted at the PAD District level to equal product supplied data as published in the "Petroleum Supply Annual," Volume 1. Allocations at the State level were based on the EIA-821 survey, except for military, vessel bunkering, and electric power uses.
  • From 1986 to 1989 residual fuel data are adjusted at the PAD District level to equal product supplied data as published in the "Petroleum Supply Annual," Volume 1. Allocations at the State level were based on the EIA-821 survey, except for military and electric power uses.
  • 1990 residual fuel data are adjusted at the national level to equal product supplied data as published in the "Petroleum Supply Annual," Volume 1. Allocations at the national and State level were based on the EIA-821 survey, except for military and electric power uses.
  • Beginning in 1991 residual fuel data are adjusted at the national level to equal product supplied data as published in the "Petroleum Supply Annual," Volume 1. Allocations at the national and State level were based on the EIA-821 survey, except for electric power use.
  • Electric Power: National-level distillate and residual fuel oil electric power sales were calculated from annual aggregations of data collected on other forms. For years 1984 to 1999: the EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and the FERC-423, "Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants" were used. Form EIA-759 consumption data for light oils include No 2. fuel oil, kerosene, and jet fuel: the heavy oils include No. 4 fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and crude oil. Using receipt data from Form FERC-423, No. 4 fuel oil receipts were deleted from the heavy oil consumption data and added to the light oil consumption data. The resultant distillate (light oils) and residual (heavy oils) consumption data were added to the stock change of light oils and heavy oils, respectively, from Form EIA-759 to obtain the estimate of sales. For year 2000 data: the EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," FERC-423, "Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants," EIA-860B, "Annual Electric Generation Report - Nonutility," and the EIA-900, "Monthly Nonutility Power Report" were used. Form EIA-759 collected consumption data for light oils included No. 2 fuel oil, kerosene, and jet fuel; the heavy oils include No. 4 fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and crude oil. Using receipt data from Form FERC-423, the No. 4 fuel oil receipts were deleted from the heavy oil consumption data and added to the light oil consumption data. The resultant distillate and residual consumption data were added with Form EIA-860B distillate and residual consumption data and the stock change of distillate and residual, respectively, from Forms EIA-759 and EIA-900 to obtain the estimate. For year 2001 data: the EIA-906, "Power Plant Report" and FERC-423, "Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants" were used. Form EIA-906 consumption data for distillate and residual was added to the stock change of distillate and residual, respectively. Using receipt data from Form FERC-423, the No. 4 fuel oil receipts were deleted from the heavy oil consumption data and added to the light oil consumption data. For years 2002 to present: the EIA-906, "Power Plant Report" was and is used. Form EIA-906 utility and nonutility, NAICS 22 companies, consumption data was added to the stock change of distillate and residual, respectively. Allocations at the State level were based on the EIA-821 survey.
  • Military: For years 1984 to 1990: residual fuel oil issued to defense installations (Defense Fuel Supply Center's Defense Energy Information System (DFSC DEIS) Report) was allocated at the State level were based on the EIA-821 survey. For years 1991 to present: survey results are used.
  • Railroad: For years 1984 to 1990: distillate fuel oil used by Class I railroads and Amtrak at the U.S. level was obtained from the American Association of Railroads. Allocations at the State level were based on the EIA-821 survey. For years 1991 to present: survey results are used.
  • Vessel Bunkering: For years 1984 and 1985: residual fuel oil used for foreign trade vessel bunkering at the PAD district level was obtained from the Bureau of the Census, United States Foreign Trade, Bunker Fuels. To account for all vessel bunkering including coastal trade, the historically established ratios of total vessel bunkering use to foreign trade use was determined for each PAD District and used to inflate the foreign trade bunkering value. Allocations at the State level were based on the EIA-821 survey except for the States in PAD District 2. For this region, which includes the Great Lakes, the EIA-821 survey results were used since the Census report, based on the U.S. Custom Service's data, did not provide adequate coverage. For years 1986 to present: survey results are used.
  • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
  • Due to updated program methodology and revised data, 2008 through 2011 Sales and Adjusted Sales numbers have been revised since they were first published. We have created an excel file Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales Data that shows the differences between the original and revised published data for your convenience.