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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

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Table C4. Sum of major fuel consumption and expenditure gross energy intensities, 2012

Release date: May 2016
Revised date: December 2016

Sum of major fuel consumption  Sum of major fuel expenditures
per
building
(million
Btu)		 per
square foot
(thousand
Btu)		 per
worker
(million
Btu)		 Distribution of
building-level intensities
(thousand Btu/square foot)		 per
building
(thousand
dollars)		 per
square foot
(dollars)		 per
million
Btu (dollars)
  25th
per-
centile		 Median 75th
per-
centile
All buildings 1,253 80.0 79.0 18.9 45.9 89.0 26.8 1.7 21.4
Building floorspace (square feet)                  
1,001 to 5,000  260 89.9 70.6 17.6 46.4 100.0 5.9 2.0 22.6
5,001 to 10,000  526 72.6 70.0 18.3 40.1 74.3 11.6 1.6 22.0
10,001 to 25,000 992 62.1 61.8 18.7 43.8 81.5 22.5 1.4 22.7
25,001 to 50,000 2,478 69.0 72.6 24.6 48.8 88.8 52.1 1.5 21.0
50,001 to 100,000  5,359 76.7 86.5 33.7 58.2 93.4 113.1 1.6 21.1
100,001 to 200,000  11,497 83.4 91.5 39.0 66.2 101.1 243.4 1.8 21.2
200,001 to 500,000  27,198 95.7 99.1 47.4 77.1 114.8 553.4 2.0 20.4
Over 500,000  95,959 108.4 83.4 42.9 71.2 124.3 1,996.3 2.3 20.8
Principal building activity                  
Education 2,166 68.8 77.3 31.1 50.8 81.1 43.3 1.4 20.0
Food sales  1,483 209.5 223.6 128.1 222.8 321.6 34.9 4.9 23.5
Food service  1,355 282.7 149.9 94.4 241.1 449.0 26.2 5.5 19.4
Health care  4,578 172.7 94.2 42.4 63.2 90.9 83.4 3.2 18.2
Inpatient  57,281 231.1 128.2 163.8 205.7 272.6 978.6 4.0 17.1
Outpatient  1,147 94.8 50.7 33.5 61.7 82.1 25.1 2.1 21.9
Lodging  3,574 96.9 184.1 48.1 69.1 119.1 69.6 1.9 19.5
Mercantile  1,673 88.9 110.5 33.4 63.6 107.6 37.7 2.0 22.5
Retail (other than mall)  830 66.9 90.4 25.6 52.2 88.3 20.5 1.7 24.7
Enclosed and strip malls  3,924 109.3 126.4 59.0 100.8 177.3 83.6 2.3 21.3
Office  1,226 77.8 36.8 32.6 52.7 80.2 30.4 1.9 24.8
Public assembly  1,363 86.3 154.4 22.2 49.3 82.5 29.0 1.8 21.3
Public order and safety  1,583 92.2 71.6 32.9 62.1 107.7 33.0 1.9 20.8
Religious worship  421 38.0 89.3 12.5 25.1 49.8 8.1 0.7 19.3
Service  440 58.7 67.5 18.5 42.2 83.7 9.1 1.2 20.7
Warehouse and storage  539 32.8 67.4 2.5 13.8 35.6 12.2 0.7 22.6
Other  2,293 142.9 177.6 16.5 44.1 126.5 47.8 3.0 20.8
Vacant  140 12.7 176.0 0.0 0.0 6.4 3.3 0.3 23.5
Year constructed                  
Before 1920 658 59.8 72.0 16.4 39.0 81.8 14.4 1.3 21.8
1920 to 1945 857 69.4 69.7 16.8 46.0 84.0 19.9 1.6 23.2
1946 to 1959 896 72.7 81.8 20.2 44.1 85.9 18.4 1.5 20.5
1960 to 1969 1,412 87.0 91.5 28.4 53.8 107.0 28.8 1.8 20.4
1970 to 1979 1,479 93.3 80.7 18.8 52.5 104.0 30.1 1.9 20.4
1980 to 1989 1,272 76.4 66.6 17.6 44.3 82.5 28.6 1.7 22.5
1990 to 1999 1,304 79.8 82.0 16.8 45.0 87.2 28.1 1.7 21.6
2000 to 2003 1,542 80.2 77.5 22.6 48.1 100.3 33.6 1.8 21.8
2004 to 2007 1,522 80.9 88.1 18.6 48.3 82.1 32.6 1.7 21.4
2008 to 2012 1,598 84.5 87.1 16.9 35.8 79.8 34.1 1.8 21.3
Census region and division                  
Northeast 1,812 93.9 82.1 24.7 54.8 104.6 43.3 2.3 23.9
New England  1,219 85.5 88.3 18.3 43.7 92.4 30.9 2.2 25.3
Middle Atlantic 2,167 97.2 80.2 30.9 61.5 119.6 50.8 2.3 23.5
Midwest 1,265 82.8 90.7 23.5 50.8 93.7 22.1 1.5 17.5
East North Central 1,538 88.7 94.8 32.3 61.7 109.2 26.8 1.6 17.4
West North Central 866 70.4 81.6 11.9 35.1 70.0 15.3 1.2 17.6
South 1,142 74.9 78.6 17.0 43.6 85.7 24.4 1.6 21.4
South Atlantic  1,244 75.5 75.0 18.4 43.2 94.2 28.7 1.7 23.0
East South Central 999 75.3 86.0 21.2 51.0 82.5 20.2 1.5 20.3
West South Central 1,068 73.6 81.7 12.5 39.2 80.2 20.4 1.4 19.1
West 1,082 74.7 67.0 17.5 41.9 79.6 25.2 1.7 23.3
Mountain 1,233 83.8 90.7 20.4 56.7 90.6 22.7 1.5 18.4
Pacific 1,027 71.3 60.1 16.8 37.0 75.6 26.1 1.8 25.5
Climate region1                  
Very cold/Cold 1,352 86.1 89.3 22.6 54.0 98.7 25.9 1.7 19.2
Mixed-humid 1,302 81.4 79.1 21.5 45.6 90.3 28.4 1.8 21.8
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 960 66.8 61.6 15.0 31.6 68.2 24.5 1.7 25.5
Hot-humid 1,185 73.8 75.5 16.7 44.4 86.6 27.4 1.7 23.1
Marine 1,337 80.2 62.7 21.2 44.1 92.1 31.8 1.9 23.8
Number of floors                  
One 738 71.1 80.8 16.4 42.2 88.7 16.3 1.6 22.1
Two 1,261 72.3 74.0 23.2 49.6 85.5 26.8 1.5 21.3
Three 1,787 82.1 85.4 32.5 56.4 96.0 37.6 1.7 21.0
Four to nine 8,102 105.8 88.1 42.4 66.8 102.4 160.2 2.1 19.8
Ten or more 45,392 105.8 61.2 58.3 82.0 116.1 1,048.2 2.4 23.1
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)		                  
Any elevators 7,855 99.1 79.6 43.7 69.9 106.3 163.0 2.1 20.8
Number of elevators                  
One 3,253 79.2 77.9 40.5 65.7 99.2 65.7 1.6 20.2
Two to five 10,565 96.9 80.2 51.5 75.8 115.7 222.1 2.0 21.0
Six or more 65,801 129.8 80.5 67.5 96.9 166.2 1,375.4 2.7 20.9
Any escalators 38,936 103.1 78.2 65.7 66.8 115.4 838.2 2.2 21.5
Number of workers (main shift)                  
Fewer than 5 261 42.6 149.3 8.6 32.1 71.7 5.8 1.0 22.3
5 to 9 551 66.6 85.2 26.3 48.7 94.1 12.6 1.5 22.8
10 to 19 1,056 80.3 81.5 36.4 63.3 119.0 22.4 1.7 21.2
20 to 49 2,316 81.8 79.8 37.3 63.0 113.2 49.6 1.8 21.4
50 to 99 5,594 85.3 85.6 48.1 69.9 112.2 116.7 1.8 20.9
100 to 249 11,330 96.7 79.2 57.9 89.0 127.0 232.8 2.0 20.5
250 or more 38,827 122.0 57.7 62.3 86.4 151.0 836.8 2.6 21.6
Weekly operating hours                  
Fewer than 40 199 27.8 69.5 2.4 16.8 42.4 4.2 0.6 21.0
40 to 48 618 52.6 47.4 22.5 42.9 69.0 14.2 1.2 23.1
49 to 60 1,011 61.3 50.6 25.0 48.1 83.2 23.3 1.4 23.0
61 to 84 1,792 86.3 82.1 35.5 72.4 143.7 39.4 1.9 22.0
85 to 167 2,294 116.9 135.8 59.0 124.7 265.2 47.8 2.4 20.8
Open continuously 3,783 126.2 122.7 18.6 62.7 138.5 75.1 2.5 19.9
Ownership and occupancy                  
Nongovernment owned 1,124 79.6 78.5 17.4 44.5 89.3 24.4 1.7 21.7
Owner occupied 1,060 85.4 101.1 19.8 45.0 93.7 21.6 1.7 20.4
Leased to tenant(s) 1,170 78.2 63.7 22.3 51.3 102.2 27.2 1.8 23.3
Owner occupied and leased 2,032 79.9 66.9 21.3 42.6 75.8 44.9 1.8 22.1
Unoccupied 47 5.4   0.0 0.0 2.8 1.1 0.1 22.7
Government owned 2,046 81.2 80.7 28.2 53.4 87.6 41.8 1.7 20.4
Federal 4,164 87.3 64.3 32.7 58.3 67.5 94.0 2.0 22.6
State 3,001 100.1 99.4 35.0 58.2 88.8 57.6 1.9 19.2
Local 1,605 72.1 74.9 26.2 52.3 86.2 33.4 1.5 20.8
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems		                  
Building owner 1,232 78.8 78.0 18.2 44.4 84.7 26.1 1.7 21.2
Business owner or tenant 1,359 87.0 88.4 26.2 59.3 123.4 30.3 1.9 22.3
Property management 1,773 77.0 54.8 16.3 42.6 88.7 41.0 1.8 23.2
Other 1,172 90.6 87.3 32.9 68.3 107.0 26.6 2.1 22.7
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases		                  
Building owner 1,227 78.5 77.9 18.3 44.4 85.3 26.1 1.7 21.3
Business owner or tenant 1,419 92.8 88.9 26.0 61.6 135.2 31.3 2.1 22.1
Property management 1,755 68.8 63.5 35.3 64.1 115.1 43.4 1.7 24.7
Other 1,437 90.6 85.8 32.9 67.8 104.5 31.6 2.0 22.0
Number of establishments                  
One 1,067 81.6 86.1 21.0 48.8 93.0 22.2 1.7 20.8
2 to 5 1,624 78.9 74.0 26.8 49.3 90.7 35.4 1.7 21.8
6 to 10 2,475 82.2 61.7 23.9 48.5 88.7 56.0 1.9 22.6
11 to 20 5,251 95.9 67.3 34.7 68.8 102.5 119.5 2.2 22.8
More than 20 12,786 90.7 57.5 0.0 50.1 86.0 312.9 2.2 24.5
Currently unoccupied 52 5.4   0.0 0.0 1.3 1.1 0.1 20.7
Predominant exterior wall material                  
Brick, stone, or stucco 1,495 85.4 83.0 24.3 55.2 103.9 31.3 1.8 20.9
Concrete (block or poured) 1,533 83.0 85.2 23.6 50.8 101.4 33.7 1.8 22.0
Concrete panels 3,165 76.4 70.1 15.8 37.5 83.4 66.7 1.6 21.1
Siding or shingles 442 69.6 66.5 17.0 43.1 79.5 10.4 1.6 23.5
Metal panels 458 49.3 73.7 5.9 25.5 58.4 9.9 1.1 21.5
Window glass 9,982 127.0 64.2 55.6 147.9 668.0 213.2 2.7 21.4
Other 2,131 92.7 94.0 18.4 45.1 94.4 48.7 2.1 22.9
No one major type 2,101 76.1 Q 24.6 66.3 96.4 45.0 1.6 21.4
Predominant roof material                  
Metal surfacing 517 54.3 72.0 8.8 31.4 67.6 11.6 1.2 22.4
Synthetic or rubber 2,681 94.6 88.6 29.8 64.4 118.4 54.9 1.9 20.5
Built-up 2,228 85.3 77.3 25.8 51.0 97.0 47.8 1.8 21.5
Slate or tile shingles 913 86.2 87.8 22.0 52.0 114.4 20.0 1.9 21.9
Wooden materials (including
shingles)		 591 81.2 92.6 16.6 54.0 126.1 12.0 1.7 20.4
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles		 745 73.2 67.8 22.3 46.9 89.3 16.4 1.6 22.1
Concrete 2,597 80.7 63.8 29.5 57.6 112.8 64.2 2.0 24.7
Other 2,447 85.6 102.3 20.8 46.6 90.5 53.1 1.9 21.7
No one major type 1,957 53.7 105.9 15.0 42.4 69.6 43.6 1.2 22.3
Roof characteristics                  
Roof tilt                  
Flat 2,283 90.2 78.3 25.8 57.4 115.7 48.3 1.9 21.1
Shallow pitch 743 66.9 81.7 14.5 38.4 80.2 16.4 1.5 22.1
Steeper pitch 615 65.4 77.5 19.6 43.6 77.0 13.2 1.4 21.5
Cool roof 2,482 93.6 84.9 25.5 57.5 114.9 52.2 2.0 21.0
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)		                  
Any type of renovation 1,796 89.1 81.0 27.7 55.8 100.1 37.8 1.9 21.0
Addition or annex 2,908 99.2 103.6 30.7 57.3 99.7 55.9 1.9 19.2
Reduction in floorspace 3,165 128.7 87.8 18.3 69.1 143.4 66.0 2.7 20.9
Roof replacement 2,013 95.0 86.8 29.1 54.7 96.4 41.4 2.0 20.6
Exterior wall replacement 2,052 94.2 87.5 21.3 50.1 93.6 41.9 1.9 20.4
Interior wall reconfiguration 2,312 96.4 74.4 29.7 57.2 98.1 48.7 2.0 21.1
Window replacement 1,947 88.9 77.2 28.6 56.1 100.2 40.4 1.9 20.8
HVAC equipment upgrade 2,312 95.0 84.4 30.6 56.8 103.5 48.4 2.0 21.0
Lighting upgrade 2,484 95.7 86.3 32.1 58.9 112.3 50.9 2.0 20.5
Electrical upgrade 2,152 99.5 90.7 28.5 54.9 106.7 44.3 2.1 20.6
Plumbing system upgrade 2,169 101.0 86.9 30.6 57.3 111.3 44.3 2.1 20.4
Insulation upgrade 2,019 101.4 92.0 27.6 56.0 98.1 39.9 2.0 19.8
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 2,737 98.0 84.0 31.9 58.7 109.8 56.9 2.0 20.8
Structural upgrade 2,798 108.4 113.9 32.1 53.2 92.8 54.5 2.1 19.5
Other 1,771 81.7 68.5 35.1 62.4 137.6 43.5 2.0 24.6
No renovations 860 69.4 75.1 14.8 39.6 81.2 18.9 1.5 21.9
Buildings constructed 2008 or later 1,598 84.5 87.1 16.9 35.8 79.8 34.1 1.8 21.3
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                  
Electricity 1,330 82.0 79.0 23.0 50.0 93.7 28.5 1.8 21.4
Natural gas 1,890 94.4 88.9 37.5 65.8 122.3 37.4 1.9 19.8
Fuel oil 4,780 110.5 87.1 35.6 69.2 124.3 101.5 2.3 21.2
District heat 16,919 135.5 98.2 74.0 113.2 162.8 362.8 2.9 21.4
District chilled water 12,331 144.4 115.9 48.2 70.9 138.8 235.8 2.8 19.1
Propane 1,143 75.7 98.8 11.6 28.3 62.6 25.8 1.7 22.6
Other 1,750 78.7 79.6 20.4 37.5 72.7 37.5 1.7 21.4
Space-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                  
Electricity 1,364 79.5 72.4 25.0 50.1 93.6 30.2 1.8 22.2
Natural gas 1,702 89.8 85.9 36.5 64.1 112.7 32.9 1.7 19.3
Fuel oil 1,333 82.7 86.5 30.6 54.6 97.9 31.4 2.0 23.5
District heat 16,859 135.7 98.5 74.0 113.2 162.8 361.4 2.9 21.4
Propane 443 49.3 60.3 8.8 19.4 39.6 10.5 1.2 23.8
Other 481 48.0 64.7 16.7 31.2 52.9 11.5 1.2 24.0
Primary space-heating
energy source		                  
Electricity 1,014 70.4 63.7 21.9 44.6 84.1 24.7 1.7 24.4
Natural gas 1,667 90.1 86.7 36.8 63.7 112.7 32.0 1.7 19.2
Fuel oil 912 73.7 93.6 33.6 60.2 116.0 24.5 2.0 26.8
District heat 16,834 137.0 98.7 74.0 113.6 163.2 361.4 2.9 21.5
Propane 241 32.3 42.8 8.1 15.8 33.0 6.4 0.9 26.4
Other 310 34.8 40.7 8.1 22.5 43.6 8.7 1.0 28.0
Cooling energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                  
Electricity 1,433 83.1 76.8 28.2 55.3 100.8 30.9 1.8 21.6
Natural gas 8,190 133.2 93.0 51.3 66.3 72.2 136.7 2.2 16.7
District chilled water 12,331 144.4 115.9 48.2 70.9 138.8 235.8 2.8 19.1
Water-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                  
Electricity 1,167 72.5 66.3 24.1 47.9 87.5 27.2 1.7 23.4
Natural gas 2,292 101.9 96.1 43.3 72.9 147.3 44.1 2.0 19.2
Fuel oil 2,247 91.1 107.0 42.4 64.0 106.5 56.1 2.3 25.0
District heat 25,765 143.3 102.5 79.5 113.6 166.2 543.2 3.0 21.1
Propane 613 55.1 69.0 13.3 31.1 65.9 18.1 1.6 29.5
Cooking energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                  
Electricity 2,485 99.8 91.9 31.4 64.8 148.7 51.8 2.1 20.8
Natural gas 4,074 121.7 116.6 58.3 121.6 277.0 78.4 2.3 19.2
Propane 1,159 83.4 84.7 19.4 48.1 105.9 31.3 2.3 27.0
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)		                  
Buildings with space heating 1,436 84.7 79.2 27.2 53.6 98.7 30.4 1.8 21.2
Buildings with cooling 1,518 85.4 79.0 28.3 55.5 101.0 32.5 1.8 21.4
Buildings with water heating 1,537 86.0 79.6 28.5 56.4 103.5 32.7 1.8 21.3
Buildings with cooking 2,567 105.8 99.0 35.8 75.4 173.7 52.5 2.2 20.5
Buildings with manufacturing 1,393 71.0 71.6 17.9 42.2 77.6 30.5 1.6 21.9
Buildings with electricity
generation		 6,833 109.3 90.6 45.0 74.2 136.6 141.1 2.3 20.7
Percent of floorspace heated                  
Not heated 217 25.8 70.8 0.0 2.3 18.4 6.5 0.8 30.1
1 to 50 671 46.2 72.9 13.0 27.1 53.9 16.6 1.1 24.7
51 to 99 1,787 88.6 83.5 25.8 53.9 98.9 39.0 1.9 21.8
100 1,521 90.7 78.8 32.9 59.7 106.9 31.4 1.9 20.7
Percent of floorspace cooled                  
Not cooled 173 24.3 78.7 0.0 6.5 32.3 3.9 0.6 22.7
1 to 50 843 52.3 78.2 19.6 37.0 75.4 17.4 1.1 20.6
51 to 99 2,388 94.3 84.8 33.9 61.5 116.3 51.8 2.1 21.7
100 1,523 96.7 76.1 33.2 61.3 113.9 32.6 2.1 21.4
Percent lit when open                  
Zero 62 13.5 74.2 1.9 8.2 12.5 1.9 0.4 31.1
1 to 50 585 50.9 95.7 16.8 35.5 67.6 12.6 1.1 21.6
51 to 99 1,830 87.6 83.8 30.9 56.8 102.0 38.3 1.8 20.9
100 1,460 90.8 72.3 28.4 57.7 113.9 31.9 2.0 21.8
Building never open/electricity
not used		 48 6.6 Q 0.0 0.0 2.5 1.0 0.1 20.1
Percent lit during off hours                  
Zero 520 52.3 55.8 16.3 34.6 69.1 12.2 1.2 23.5
1 to 50 1,780 85.6 79.7 34.1 61.5 113.9 37.7 1.8 21.2
51 to 100 5,043 146.9 130.2 51.3 100.8 209.5 98.7 2.9 19.6
Building always open with
no "off hours"		 2,996 125.3 118.8 12.5 109.2 241.2 65.6 2.7 21.9
Electricity not used 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)		                  
Heat pumps 1,432 75.9 67.8 25.2 44.7 78.0 32.5 1.7 22.7
Furnaces 815 71.1 71.9 30.5 53.1 92.0 16.7 1.5 20.5
Individual space heaters 1,260 75.7 81.2 23.2 45.6 82.3 26.5 1.6 21.0
District heat 16,859 135.7 98.5 74.0 113.2 162.8 361.4 2.9 21.4
Boilers 4,157 100.8 89.9 44.4 66.8 122.0 79.8 1.9 19.2
Packaged heating units 1,457 83.0 79.9 29.3 57.4 107.1 31.0 1.8 21.3
Other 3,101 121.6 159.2 28.2 70.5 165.1 63.6 2.5 20.5
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)		                  
Residential-type central air
conditioners		 702 73.6 71.9 27.1 52.6 93.7 15.0 1.6 21.3
Heat pumps 1,357 74.9 65.8 25.3 45.2 84.1 30.8 1.7 22.7
Individual air conditioners 1,429 81.6 82.1 23.7 48.2 88.8 30.4 1.7 21.3
District chilled water 12,331 144.4 115.9 48.2 70.9 138.8 235.8 2.8 19.1
Central chillers 11,374 108.7 84.4 55.6 80.6 134.8 233.7 2.2 20.6
Packaged air conditioning units 2,080 88.0 84.6 34.9 64.0 123.1 44.5 1.9 21.4
Swamp coolers 1,604 91.5 100.0 30.9 64.9 148.7 33.1 1.9 20.6
Other Q 137.4 95.1 16.7 56.1 102.0 Q 3.1 22.4
Main equipment replaced since
1990 (more than one may apply)		                  
Heating 1,155 78.5 75.5 28.5 55.9 99.9 24.3 1.7 21.1
Cooling 1,279 82.1 75.5 30.6 57.5 101.9 27.5 1.8 21.5
Water-heating equipment                  
Centralized system 1,257 88.6 83.9 29.1 57.5 105.1 26.3 1.9 20.9
Distributed system 1,206 65.6 58.5 22.7 45.1 82.7 28.1 1.5 23.3
Combination of centralized and
distributed system		 4,563 93.4 83.3 37.8 66.3 123.1 96.5 2.0 21.1
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)		                  
Incandescent 1,939 92.2 85.1 28.3 57.5 104.0 39.9 1.9 20.6
Standard fluorescent 1,444 83.8 78.4 26.2 53.1 99.6 30.8 1.8 21.3
Compact fluorescent 2,213 94.7 85.0 31.2 59.7 113.6 46.3 2.0 20.9
High-intensity discharge (HID) 4,163 93.5 91.8 31.8 61.2 109.8 86.4 1.9 20.7
Halogen 2,978 96.0 88.4 33.7 61.5 110.2 62.2 2.0 20.9
LED 4,993 107.1 91.2 41.7 71.4 143.7 104.7 2.2 21.0
Other 5,924 131.1 105.4 86.3 162.4 165.5 130.5 2.9 22.0
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)		                  
Any refrigeration 1,624 87.9 82.0 28.6 56.7 105.5 34.4 1.9 21.2
Walk-in units 4,345 124.3 113.2 73.1 161.2 310.2 87.9 2.5 20.2
Cases or cabinets 3,622 115.5 105.2 56.6 112.3 244.7 75.2 2.4 20.8
Large cold storage areas 6,779 127.0 143.5 74.3 150.8 246.2 137.4 2.6 20.3
Commercial ice makers 4,411 114.0 102.2 57.1 112.7 246.2 89.7 2.3 20.3
Residential-type or compact units 1,530 83.1 76.6 27.2 51.4 88.7 32.3 1.8 21.1
Vending machines 4,354 95.1 84.1 39.7 67.9 117.8 90.7 2.0 20.8
No refrigeration 313 36.6 53.2 1.2 18.2 51.3 7.6 0.9 24.4
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)		                  
Desktop computers 1,656 85.5 78.1 29.1 56.2 101.1 35.4 1.8 21.4
With flat screen monitors 1,696 85.7 77.8 29.7 56.4 101.6 36.2 1.8 21.4
With multiple monitors 3,230 95.1 67.8 34.5 59.0 105.5 68.6 2.0 21.2
Laptop computers 2,002 86.1 74.5 30.0 54.8 94.8 42.5 1.8 21.2
Dedicated servers 2,737 89.6 75.4 34.5 60.4 104.3 58.6 1.9 21.4
Laser printers 2,050 88.4 75.6 32.4 57.9 101.6 43.6 1.9 21.3
Inkjet printers 1,327 80.1 76.9 27.4 53.6 96.4 28.9 1.7 21.8
FAX machines 1,792 85.6 77.3 29.8 57.0 100.3 38.4 1.8 21.4
Photocopiers 2,362 86.2 74.6 31.5 54.8 88.6 50.4 1.8 21.3
Number of desktop computers                  
None 238 37.6 98.0 1.2 16.6 53.1 5.3 0.8 22.3
1 to 4 581 75.6 104.8 25.0 52.0 111.3 12.4 1.6 21.4
5 to 9 899 78.3 76.9 29.7 53.7 93.2 19.1 1.7 21.2
10 to 19 1,402 72.0 78.1 34.9 58.5 84.1 32.2 1.7 22.9
20 to 49 3,159 85.6 87.7 38.8 63.9 111.6 67.0 1.8 21.2
50 to 99 4,504 77.9 69.5 39.7 64.8 94.6 97.6 1.7 21.7
100 to 249 10,432 98.8 76.8 49.4 70.9 106.6 214.5 2.0 20.6
250 or more 28,387 109.9 62.5 51.3 74.0 120.2 600.9 2.3 21.2
Number of laptop computers                  
None 530 63.4 100.9 8.6 34.0 84.0 11.7 1.4 22.1
1 to 4 780 71.7 85.4 27.0 51.3 91.5 16.7 1.5 21.5
5 to 9 1,994 83.6 78.7 35.5 56.1 86.6 42.6 1.8 21.4
10 to 19 3,965 86.1 77.5 40.6 63.2 107.2 85.3 1.9 21.5
20 to 49 6,318 94.1 77.8 42.0 65.1 105.4 129.8 1.9 20.6
50 to 99 8,795 96.7 61.4 50.3 70.4 102.0 185.8 2.0 21.1
100 to 249 15,188 100.6 79.4 46.5 61.3 90.1 307.6 2.0 20.3
250 or more 30,170 107.4 54.4 55.8 77.7 126.1 667.0 2.4 22.1
Number of dedicated servers                  
None 572 64.6 88.0 13.3 36.9 81.1 12.3 1.4 21.4
1 to 4 1,740 79.7 79.2 33.9 59.6 100.3 37.5 1.7 21.5
5 to 9 5,820 90.5 72.0 40.1 62.4 110.2 120.5 1.9 20.7
10 to 19 11,797 103.8 78.5 46.8 75.9 119.5 260.3 2.3 22.1
20 to 49 15,550 105.5 59.3 50.7 89.0 171.7 316.7 2.2 20.4
50 or more 38,977 143.6 73.0 64.7 102.2 208.9 836.2 3.1 21.5
Number of photocopiers                  
None 546 66.6 94.2 11.7 37.1 89.5 11.8 1.4 21.6
One 907 70.4 90.0 27.6 49.7 81.1 19.3 1.5 21.3
2 to 4 2,465 78.6 74.1 36.4 59.7 96.0 52.8 1.7 21.4
5 to 9 6,782 88.5 74.7 44.3 62.7 96.5 143.3 1.9 21.1
10 or more 20,490 117.3 66.1 61.3 80.3 113.9 437.3 2.5 21.3
Number of TVs or video displays                  
None 447 49.9 68.2 8.0 29.6 67.0 10.2 1.1 22.8
One 609 69.8 69.6 27.3 54.2 99.6 12.8 1.5 21.1
2 to 4 1,266 79.6 74.1 32.9 57.6 107.0 27.6 1.7 21.8
5 to 9 2,471 95.3 76.9 43.4 74.5 170.2 54.1 2.1 21.9
10 to 19 5,264 99.1 78.3 48.4 80.0 138.5 110.4 2.1 21.0
20 to 49 6,774 89.0 80.3 52.9 73.4 128.0 151.4 2.0 22.4
50 to 99 8,961 98.6 98.4 56.7 86.8 144.1 186.2 2.1 20.8
100 or more 26,874 133.4 113.0 62.6 93.4 143.0 508.6 2.5 18.9
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)		                  
Snack bar or concession stand 7,264 112.5 108.4 50.3 88.6 218.0 148.1 2.3 20.4
Fast food or small restaurant 6,957 123.2 110.0 86.1 136.6 220.7 146.5 2.6 21.1
Cafeteria or large restaurant 12,491 106.7 92.2 47.1 71.9 110.2 246.9 2.1 19.8
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area		 6,372 111.4 117.2 36.6 68.8 132.5 124.4 2.2 19.5
Small kitchen area 1,614 84.5 87.2 22.2 46.0 86.5 33.5 1.8 20.8
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)		                  
Data center or server farm 14,047 122.1 75.2 50.9 85.7 129.4 294.5 2.6 21.0
Computer-based training room 6,956 95.7 76.3 42.0 67.8 111.5 143.8 2.0 20.7
Student or public computer center 5,346 88.9 101.9 39.7 59.7 86.6 103.4 1.7 19.3
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)		                  
Economizer cycle 5,228 102.2 88.8 38.6 66.8 123.8 108.0 2.1 20.7
Regular HVAC maintenance 1,952 89.6 79.7 32.8 60.3 110.2 41.5 1.9 21.2
Building automation system (BAS)2 4,752 100.1 87.6 37.1 65.8 111.6 100.3 2.1 21.1
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)		                  
Multipaned windows 1,743 87.0 84.3 27.5 54.4 99.6 36.2 1.8 20.8
Tinted window glass 2,118 88.2 78.2 27.1 55.9 106.1 44.5 1.9 21.0
Reflective window glass 3,013 103.9 87.0 30.6 58.6 116.1 62.6 2.2 20.8
External overhangs or awnings 1,654 96.0 91.5 30.3 60.3 120.3 34.5 2.0 20.9
Skylights or atriums 3,400 90.3 91.7 24.6 49.7 84.1 69.4 1.8 20.4
Light scheduling 3,193 96.8 83.8 35.6 64.1 122.8 69.1 2.1 21.6
Occupancy sensors 4,225 95.7 83.8 37.7 68.1 117.1 89.4 2.0 21.2
Multi-level lighting or dimming 4,637 111.3 100.3 43.7 80.1 162.4 94.3 2.3 20.3
Daylight harvesting 4,942 101.3 80.5 24.4 62.4 122.8 104.0 2.1 21.1
Demand responsive lighting 2,326 86.5 83.6 30.9 55.9 110.2 54.7 2.0 23.5
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting2 5,762 99.5 90.8 47.5 78.2 126.5 127.5 2.2 22.1
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)		                  
Heating 1,358 79.5 73.4 26.8 52.0 92.2 29.3 1.7 21.6
Cooling 1,424 80.1 73.3 27.4 53.0 94.1 31.0 1.7 21.7
Lighting 1,351 81.8 76.7 25.6 51.4 95.1 28.9 1.8 21.4
     1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
 2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
Notes:  • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.  • See the Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ • Statistics for the Energy end uses category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. • HVAC = Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A, C, D, E, and F of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.