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Table B4. Census region and division, number of buildings, 2012

Released: May 2016

Number of buildings (thousand)
Northeast Midwest South West
  All
buildings		 New England Middle Atlantic East North Central West North Central South Atlantic East South Central West South Central Moun-
tain		 Pacific
All buildings 5,557 302 504 735 502 1,091 370 786 338 929
Building floorspace (square feet)                    
1,001 to 5,000 2,777 141 231 372 273 535 202 423 175 426
5,001 to 10,000 1,229 72 100 144 113 245 83 164 72 239
10,001 to 25,000 884 57 95 115 68 174 49 103 62 159
25,001 to 50,000 332 18 29 55 27 64 15 48 13 62
50,001 to 100,000 199 9 28 27 14 43 15 30 10 24
100,001 to 200,000 90 3 15 13 4 20 4 13 3 14
200,001 to 500,000 38 2 5 8 2 7 2 4 3 5
Over 500,000 8 Q 2 1 (*) 2 Q 1 1 1
Principal building activity                    
Education 389 16 29 44 23 87 14 58 24 94
Food sales 177 Q Q Q Q 40 Q Q Q 24
Food service 380 Q 36 45 32 78 35 47 22 59
Health care 157 4 18 21 23 23 10 21 18 19
Inpatient 10 1 1 Q 1 Q Q 1 (*) 1
Outpatient 147 Q 17 20 22 21 Q 20 17 18
Lodging 158 Q 20 9 14 33 14 22 12 26
Mercantile 602 34 64 84 47 142 31 78 31 91
Retail (other than mall) 438 Q 54 62 41 92 Q 64 22 61
Enclosed and strip malls 164 Q 9 22 6 51 Q 14 9 30
Office 1,012 54 94 154 76 198 63 129 65 179
Public assembly 352 36 29 65 34 45 34 31 16 61
Public order and safety 84 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Religious worship 412 Q 28 50 42 80 57 58 22 52
Service 619 41 68 102 75 100 41 89 Q 78
Warehouse and storage 796 28 61 79 84 177 22 126 46 173
Other 125 Q Q Q Q 17 Q Q Q 27
Vacant 296 Q Q 24 27 58 Q 68 Q 34
Year constructed                    
Before 1920 362 46 66 54 52 45 34 24 Q 29
1920 to 1945 488 24 101 85 55 57 25 46 22 72
1946 to 1959 599 31 64 71 39 112 36 81 30 134
1960 to 1969 639 30 70 86 73 117 46 68 23 124
1970 to 1979 684 29 46 107 53 126 47 100 54 121
1980 to 1989 915 45 41 91 81 205 60 162 63 168
1990 to 1999 845 35 55 131 72 174 67 144 47 121
2000 to 2003 375 21 25 46 34 83 16 60 28 62
2004 to 2007 347 Q 15 33 16 91 22 51 38 Q
2008 to 2012 303 Q 20 30 26 80 Q 50 21 39
Number of floors                    
One 3,836 124 236 468 317 803 287 647 249 704
Two 1,158 101 135 173 124 205 63 110 73 175
Three 374 62 84 73 48 38 10 15 12 31
Four to nine 177 14 45 20 13 42 Q 12 3 17
Ten or more 13 Q 3 2 Q 3 Q 1 1 1
Elevators and escalators
(more than one may apply)		                    
Any elevators 405 31 59 66 35 83 17 38 17 60
Number of elevators                    
One 272 24 34 47 27 51 12 26 11 39
Two to five 118 6 21 17 8 28 4 10 5 19
Six or more 16 (*) 4 2 1 3 1 1 1 2
Any escalators 10 Q 3 Q Q 1 Q (*) Q 1
Number of workers (main shift)                    
Fewer than 5 2,892 153 262 403 312 517 205 440 177 423
5 to 9 1,085 72 82 131 93 234 60 155 68 191
10 to 19 731 38 68 82 47 147 55 96 53 146
20 to 49 513 22 46 70 34 112 32 54 27 116
50 to 99 206 9 22 32 9 55 13 28 7 30
100 to 249 93 5 16 11 7 21 3 9 5 16
250 or more 37 2 9 5 2 6 1 5 2 7
Weekly operating hours                    
Fewer than 40 1,149 55 95 161 129 184 114 190 75 146
40 to 48 1,346 66 103 169 133 234 95 207 81 259
49 to 60 1,244 73 125 160 94 277 61 163 75 216
61 to 84 764 61 70 101 54 162 34 74 45 163
85 to 167 479 23 52 63 34 112 27 65 22 79
Open continuously 575 24 60 81 58 122 38 87 40 66
Ownership and occupancy                    
Nongovernment owned 4,781 266 457 636 430 971 303 685 278 756
Owner occupied 2,466 148 252 358 270 445 171 367 146 309
Leased to tenant(s) 1,745 82 157 219 110 392 92 236 85 372
Owner occupied and leased 349 28 34 38 31 84 21 34 24 54
Unoccupied 221 Q Q Q Q 49 Q 47 Q 21
Government owned 776 36 47 100 72 121 67 101 61 172
Federal 33 Q Q Q Q 4 Q Q Q Q
State 185 Q 10 15 16 40 21 17 22 41
Local 558 31 36 78 54 77 41 80 33 130
Party responsible for operation
and maintenance of energy
systems		                    
Building owner 4,715 243 418 649 470 889 313 680 300 754
Business owner or tenant 724 48 76 72 30 169 45 94 31 159
Property management 54 Q Q Q Q 17 Q Q Q Q
Other 64 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Provider of direct input on energy-
related equipment purchases		                    
Building owner 4,876 253 429 664 472 933 317 696 311 801
Business owner or tenant 540 37 58 52 25 122 36 71 22 117
Property management 35 Q Q Q Q 12 Q Q Q Q
Other 106 Q Q Q Q 24 Q Q Q Q
Number of establishments                    
One 4,205 219 384 569 405 792 300 598 241 698
2 to 5 862 60 90 124 68 185 41 102 53 140
6 to 10 147 Q 10 14 Q 40 Q 18 Q 34
11 to 20 68 Q 4 7 Q 17 Q 7 Q 20
More than 20 27 Q 2 1 Q 7 Q 1 Q Q
Currently unoccupied 248 Q Q Q Q 50 Q 60 Q 28
Campus or complex activity                    
Not part of a campus or complex 3,683 173 378 548 374 676 289 520 217 509
Primary or secondary school 237 Q 5 12 15 45 Q 38 22 88
College or university 84 9 6 6 5 17 Q 12 Q 15
Office complex 154 Q 17 22 Q 27 Q 23 Q 30
Retail complex 258 Q 13 30 15 73 Q 29 15 54
Storage complex 314 Q Q 45 Q 77 Q 56 Q 62
Religious campus or complex 197 Q 17 Q Q 48 Q 27 Q 48
Health care complex 52 Q 11 Q 5 7 4 Q Q 5
Lodging or resort complex 65 Q Q Q Q 18 Q Q Q Q
Transportation complex 35 N Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Government complex 104 Q 11 Q Q 21 Q Q Q 15
Other 371 44 22 36 28 81 Q 48 14 85
Predominant exterior wall material                    
Brick, stone, or stucco 2,312 81 236 336 191 437 174 323 169 365
Concrete (block or poured) 1,121 36 104 149 68 313 64 152 49 188
Concrete panels 210 Q 15 16 6 42 Q 24 9 Q
Siding or shingles 905 137 102 126 92 107 61 70 36 174
Metal panels 933 39 43 91 140 180 65 213 73 89
Window glass 17 Q 3 Q N Q Q Q Q 10
Other 37 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type 21 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant roof material                    
Metal surfacing 1,672 Q 78 156 211 360 160 338 119 179
Synthetic or rubber 911 55 120 188 104 151 45 65 62 121
Built-up 836 21 69 78 39 189 45 138 43 213
Slate or tile shingles 406 Q 51 36 Q 89 Q 57 28 103
Wooden materials (including
shingles)		 157 Q Q Q Q 35 Q Q Q 41
Asphalt, fiberglass, or
other shingles		 1,483 125 157 244 127 244 95 159 80 252
Concrete 51 Q Q Q Q 18 Q Q Q 11
Other 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No one major type 18 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Roof characteristics                    
Roof tilt                    
Flat 1,960 76 210 244 114 421 93 250 110 442
Shallow pitch 2,148 84 130 252 241 409 164 382 154 333
Steeper pitch 1,449 142 164 239 147 262 113 153 75 154
Cool roof 740 Q 54 80 52 118 63 99 67 185
Renovations in buildings
constructed before 2008
(more than one may apply)		                    
Any type of renovation 2,094 130 222 299 222 354 168 267 110 322
Addition or annex 444 31 32 78 59 89 37 50 17 52
Reduction in floorspace 71 Q Q Q Q 16 Q Q Q Q
Roof replacement 987 71 107 147 125 134 101 124 45 132
Exterior wall replacement 194 11 20 27 23 35 24 24 Q 24
Interior wall reconfiguration 889 61 119 138 72 134 62 98 46 158
Window replacement 560 52 66 96 60 81 44 59 28 75
HVAC equipment upgrade 1,101 69 122 184 107 203 84 135 55 142
Lighting upgrade 982 66 120 142 90 170 65 118 57 154
Electrical upgrade 747 58 97 105 75 126 55 93 40 99
Plumbing system upgrade 644 41 83 111 62 109 47 75 34 82
Insulation upgrade 382 29 46 77 45 61 35 37 14 38
Fire, safety, or security upgrade 616 53 92 88 59 90 46 75 29 85
Structural upgrade 152 22 16 30 13 17 Q Q 9 21
Other 39 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No renovations 3,160 153 263 406 254 657 185 469 207 568
Buildings constructed 2008 or later 303 Q 20 30 26 80 Q 50 21 39
Energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 5,234 285 485 706 466 1,020 354 712 316 891
Natural gas 2,933 98 335 577 266 387 191 372 218 489
Fuel oil 467 115 102 46 31 69 30 32 8 35
District heat 48 Q 9 3 4 9 Q 5 Q 5
District chilled water 54 Q Q 2 Q 22 Q 6 1 8
Propane 510 75 31 37 96 94 49 43 29 55
Other 172 Q 22 28 22 19 Q Q 12 Q
Space-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 2,858 99 211 282 211 704 239 437 165 511
Natural gas 2,612 82 310 559 260 299 168 316 202 416
Fuel oil 270 105 65 20 19 29 Q Q Q Q
District heat 48 Q 9 3 4 9 Q 5 Q 5
Propane 342 38 21 29 76 58 35 Q 24 Q
Other 101 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Primary space-heating
energy source		                    
Electricity 1,819 38 100 90 102 557 153 334 80 365
Natural gas 2,322 75 286 530 238 239 140 268 187 360
Fuel oil 205 93 48 Q Q 21 Q Q Q Q
District heat 47 Q 9 3 4 8 Q 5 Q 5
Propane 261 33 Q Q 61 43 28 Q Q Q
Other 67 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cooling energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 4,413 183 400 599 369 917 329 616 258 743
Natural gas 12 Q 3 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
District chilled water 54 Q Q 2 Q 22 Q 6 1 8
Water-heating energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 2,658 127 197 295 230 665 238 339 130 437
Natural gas 1,758 55 236 350 143 202 92 233 129 317
Fuel oil 77 46 23 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
District heat 25 Q Q 2 Q Q Q Q Q 3
Propane 142 28 Q Q 24 21 Q Q Q Q
Cooking energy sources
(more than one may apply)		                    
Electricity 1,010 53 67 161 99 206 98 135 58 133
Natural gas 740 33 90 120 43 124 59 103 36 132
Propane 144 Q 10 Q 23 31 Q Q Q Q
Energy end uses
(more than one may apply)		                    
Buildings with space heating 4,722 264 463 670 426 873 336 633 293 764
Buildings with cooling 4,461 187 405 601 370 935 335 621 259 748
Buildings with water heating 4,423 235 436 629 385 856 325 560 260 737
Buildings with cooking 1,589 104 145 233 137 307 144 213 84 222
Buildings with manufacturing 259 20 25 29 26 31 Q 41 Q 63
Buildings with electricity generation 410 39 68 53 31 71 29 40 19 59
Percent of floorspace heated                    
Not heated 835 38 41 65 76 218 34 153 45 165
1 to 50 697 32 55 56 47 137 40 121 32 179
51 to 99 727 53 84 76 61 127 44 96 32 153
100 3,298 179 324 538 318 610 252 416 230 432
Percent of floorspace cooled                    
Not cooled 1,096 115 99 134 133 156 35 164 79 181
1 to 50 1,173 57 139 174 107 198 62 163 54 220
51 to 99 897 57 99 112 65 171 60 99 35 199
100 2,391 72 168 314 197 567 213 359 171 329
Percent lit when open                    
Zero 70 N Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 1,099 55 115 171 121 184 60 135 57 201
51 to 99 1,666 115 145 245 137 319 80 215 109 302
100 2,222 98 210 252 175 486 201 324 121 355
Building never open/electricity
not used		 501 Q Q 58 64 95 26 95 42 61
Percent lit during off hours                    
Zero 2,489 150 216 267 261 452 157 335 173 478
1 to 50 2,441 122 238 400 192 492 171 327 126 373
51 to 100 202 13 26 18 Q 49 23 26 13 27
Building always open with
no "off hours"		 102 Q 5 Q Q 27 Q 25 Q 13
Electricity not used 323 Q Q Q 37 71 Q 74 Q Q
Heating equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Heat pumps 628 14 34 23 31 279 51 62 25 109
Furnaces 755 27 58 159 92 87 58 137 53 84
Individual space heaters 1,247 92 147 184 157 162 88 131 102 185
District heat 48 Q 9 3 4 9 Q 5 Q 5
Boilers 544 87 134 101 47 52 15 30 25 52
Packaged heating units 2,802 112 235 410 235 504 225 399 178 505
Other 62 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cooling equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Residential-type central air
conditioners		 1,546 53 124 305 175 251 112 270 73 182
Heat pumps 692 16 38 33 32 296 54 59 31 134
Individual air conditioners 709 67 123 80 68 121 54 81 23 91
District chilled water 54 Q Q 2 Q 22 Q 6 1 8
Central chillers 163 12 14 24 13 40 8 22 12 18
Packaged air conditioning units 1,909 81 172 235 127 376 156 254 125 383
Swamp coolers 109 Q Q Q N Q N Q 36 53
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q
Main equipment replaced since
1990 (more than one may apply)		                    
Heating 1,874 106 208 268 179 349 130 265 99 269
Cooling 1,971 95 219 271 181 424 139 273 87 283
Water-heating equipment                    
Centralized system 3,348 166 327 490 316 617 268 437 195 533
Distributed system 690 40 83 90 43 160 28 76 36 135
Combination of centralized and
distributed system		 385 30 26 49 27 79 29 46 29 69
Lighting equipment types
(more than one may apply)		                    
Incandescent 1,826 111 182 276 183 353 149 219 105 247
Standard fluorescent 4,649 236 448 620 398 948 319 624 269 788
Compact fluorescent 2,302 139 214 349 194 422 136 282 132 433
High-intensity discharge (HID) 525 34 41 73 37 122 29 67 27 95
Halogen 905 70 79 138 64 196 44 137 45 132
LED 473 36 47 80 34 96 29 38 26 87
Other 10 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Refrigeration equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Any refrigeration 3,984 212 381 566 332 789 311 530 222 641
Walk-in units 811 59 81 113 62 180 51 100 43 122
Cases or cabinets 915 68 98 132 72 191 66 100 51 138
Large cold storage areas 78 Q 11 9 Q 19 Q 7 Q 14
Commercial ice makers 846 36 64 111 55 216 77 119 49 118
Residential-type or compact units 3,388 186 325 495 300 640 261 441 185 554
Vending machines 960 47 88 117 77 220 89 126 51 145
No refrigeration 1,573 90 122 170 170 303 59 256 116 287
Office equipment
(more than one may apply)		                    
Desktop computers 3,977 209 384 549 327 805 247 498 233 724
With flat screen monitors 3,847 201 368 529 312 786 232 489 223 709
With multiple monitors 911 37 83 126 57 192 51 115 64 186
Laptop computers 2,730 151 261 385 213 557 179 338 155 492
Dedicated servers 1,748 100 154 229 129 349 105 239 110 332
Laser printers 2,339 121 234 339 185 457 130 270 155 448
Inkjet printers 2,187 112 199 269 199 469 143 304 111 382
FAX machines 3,185 162 325 447 238 648 191 420 183 573
Photocopiers 2,163 138 217 309 165 396 141 271 129 397
Number of desktop computers                    
None 1,581 93 120 186 175 287 122 288 105 205
1 to 4 2,039 117 204 295 189 398 126 256 117 337
5 to 9 821 Q 67 116 70 171 61 102 46 164
10 to 19 482 37 49 52 29 98 26 64 35 92
20 to 49 355 17 32 40 22 80 19 40 19 86
50 to 99 143 7 13 25 8 29 9 20 6 26
100 to 249 92 6 14 14 6 20 3 8 7 14
250 or more 44 2 6 7 3 9 2 7 3 5
Number of laptop computers                    
None 2,827 151 243 350 289 535 190 448 184 437
1 to 4 1,944 96 187 286 165 382 129 243 108 347
5 to 9 350 25 28 43 19 79 15 48 25 68
10 to 19 181 15 18 19 10 37 18 16 6 42
20 to 49 144 8 11 18 10 38 9 15 8 25
50 to 99 58 3 7 10 4 10 4 9 5 7
100 to 249 35 3 6 6 Q 5 Q 5 2 2
250 or more 20 Q 3 3 Q 6 Q 2 1 2
Number of dedicated servers                    
None 3,809 201 350 506 373 743 264 547 228 597
1 to 4 1,562 92 136 206 119 309 92 218 98 294
5 to 9 97 5 9 14 5 21 6 10 5 20
10 to 19 50 2 5 4 3 13 Q 8 Q 8
20 to 49 25 Q 2 3 Q 4 Q 2 1 8
50 or more 13 Q 3 2 Q 2 Q Q Q 3
Number of photocopiers                    
None 3,394 164 287 426 337 695 229 515 210 532
One 1,325 90 126 198 101 228 93 165 81 244
2 to 4 648 38 66 85 55 125 35 86 39 119
5 to 9 116 7 11 17 6 28 7 12 5 22
10 or more 75 3 14 9 4 16 7 8 3 12
Number of TVs or video displays                    
None 2,718 165 229 340 275 523 162 392 192 441
One 1,145 59 105 172 101 214 75 182 56 181
2 to 4 1,035 45 109 143 69 210 80 130 53 197
5 to 9 314 17 34 40 31 60 28 38 13 53
10 to 19 154 8 12 18 13 33 12 23 13 21
20 to 49 106 Q 7 10 8 29 7 10 7 20
50 to 99 48 Q 2 7 Q 14 Q 6 4 Q
100 or more 37 1 6 5 2 9 Q 4 Q 5
Food preparation or serving areas
in non-food service buildings
(more than one may apply)		                    
Snack bar or concession stand 153 Q 10 22 11 39 10 18 9 26
Fast food or small restaurant 173 17 12 16 15 40 12 24 11 26
Cafeteria or large restaurant 130 11 18 20 8 32 8 15 6 12
Commercial kitchen/
food preparation area		 282 18 27 50 22 61 20 28 16 40
Small kitchen area 736 45 69 113 71 126 81 99 38 94
Separate computer areas
(more than one may apply)		                    
Data center or server farm 97 6 8 18 7 16 6 9 8 18
Computer-based training room 244 12 22 31 16 56 24 31 20 31
Student or public computer center 238 15 24 28 18 42 17 33 15 46
HVAC conservation features
(more than one may apply)		                    
Economizer cycle 601 30 77 97 44 90 15 43 43 163
Regular HVAC maintenance 3,178 180 300 437 237 655 212 412 188 556
Building automation system (BAS)1 781 42 75 108 52 154 42 95 44 169
Window and interior lighting
features (more than one may
apply)		                    
Multipaned windows 3,012 203 280 509 333 547 203 322 213 401
Tinted window glass 1,875 56 99 237 135 367 131 323 111 416
Reflective window glass 549 23 39 75 38 112 33 61 45 123
External overhangs or awnings 1,867 76 129 233 160 450 131 240 118 331
Skylights or atriums 591 44 37 62 32 123 29 58 46 161
Light scheduling 918 49 82 149 55 191 56 111 42 183
Occupancy sensors 813 59 78 116 38 146 31 79 48 218
Multi-level lighting or dimming 349 23 30 47 22 80 24 29 21 72
Daylight harvesting 125 Q 11 19 10 22 Q 23 7 17
Demand responsive lighting 176 Q 7 21 Q 45 Q Q Q Q
Building automation system (BAS) for lighting1 208 10 22 23 14 39 14 30 12 44
Equipment usage reduced when
building not in full use
(more than one may apply)		                    
Heating 3,699 206 376 529 313 637 266 495 230 647
Cooling 3,517 154 318 481 283 675 268 496 213 629
Lighting 4,757 261 446 631 424 917 335 647 277 819
 
1In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N = No cases in reporting sample.
(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.
Notes: •Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definition of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.