Syria - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
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Syria  

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Country Analysis Brief Overview

  • The Syrian energy sector continues to suffer from the combination of ongoing fighting between government and opposition forces and stiff Western-led sanctions. Syrian oil production is down by over 50 percent since March 2011.
  • Fighting between government and opposition forces makes oil exploration in Syria nearly impossible, and further bidding rounds are unlikely to occur until a resolution occurs.
  • Syria's exports of crude oil and petroleum products were severely restricted in 2012 as a result of sanctions.
  • Syria has proven natural gas reserves of 8.5 trillion cubic feet.
  • Several international pipeline projects are on hold, in part because of the uncertain security environment in Syria as of January 2013.
  • Damage to Syria's electricity transmission network that resulted from fighting and the cessation of electricity imports from Turkey combine to leave the country's demand centers undersupplied.

Read full Syria Analysis Brief »

Analysis Last Updated: February 20, 2013

Overview data for Syria

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Petroleum (Thousand Barrels per Day)
Previous Year
Latest Year
   
History
Syria
Middle East
World
Rank
    
 Syria
Total Oil Production 164.0000 , 166.0000 , 160.0000 , 167.0000 , 170.0000 , 178.0000 , 190.1442 , 225.7268 , 259.8397 , 337.1338 , 385.0579 , 490.5582 , 478.4560 , 557.5205 , 563.4856 , 583.6588 , 600.8314 , 579.4964 , 572.1273 , 557.9357 , 546.7847 , 513.3754 , 519.7802 , 510.1629 , 488.0633 , 463.7940 , 438.8272 , 411.8702 , 400.3500 , 400.1077 , 404.4253 , 334.2423 , 182.4555
(1980-2012)
334.24 26,874 87,329 33   182.46
Crude Oil Production 164.0000 , 166.0000 , 160.0000 , 167.0000 , 170.0000 , 178.0000 , 194.0000 , 230.0000 , 265.0000 , 340.0000 , 388.0000 , 492.0000 , 480.9480 , 554.0000 , 560.0002 , 575.0000 , 582.3040 , 561.2329 , 553.3699 , 538.0000 , 522.8251 , 483.9400 , 472.2270 , 463.9808 , 446.0561 , 432.0375 , 406.3767 , 380.0000 , 369.2986 , 368.0038 , 367.1283 , 300.2055 , 157.1585
(1980-2012)
300.21 24,026 74,136 33   157.16
Consumption 110.0000 , 120.0000 , 121.4000 , 139.4000 , 154.0000 , 164.0000 , 163.4582 , 180.1590 , 191.6307 , 198.2965 , 205.2689 , 177.8300 , 184.5439 , 208.8669 , 224.2526 , 225.9976 , 229.3446 , 239.9421 , 248.1825 , 255.7793 , 255.5239 , 253.7295 , 256.0847 , 257.1033 , 257.6186 , 258.6536 , 261.1181 , 264.3065 , 309.5660 , 314.5474 , 317.7969 , 320.0000 , 257.6470
(1980-2012)
320.00 7,395 88,254 39   257.65 F
Estimated Petroleum Net Exports 54.0000 , 46.0000 , 38.6000 , 27.6000 , 16.0000 , 14.0000 , 26.6860 , 45.5679 , 68.2090 , 138.8372 , 179.7890 , 312.7282 , 293.9120 , 348.6536 , 339.2330 , 357.6612 , 371.4868 , 339.5543 , 323.9448 , 302.1564 , 291.2608 , 259.6459 , 263.6955 , 253.0596 , 230.4447 , 205.1403 , 177.7091 , 147.5637 , 90.7840 , 85.5603 , 86.6285 , 14.2423 , -75.1915
(1980-2012)
14.24 19,479 -- 148   -75.19
Refinery Capacity 223.0000 , 223.0000 , 233.0000 , 229.0000 , 229.0000 , 229.0000 , 229.0000 , 229.0000 , 229.0000 , 244.0000 , 244.0000 , 237.0000 , 237.3940 , 237.3940 , 242.1400 , 242.1400 , 242.1400 , 245.8900 , 242.1400 , 242.1400 , 242.1400 , 242.1400 , 242.1400 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650 , 239.8650
(1980-2012)
240 7,245 88,097 56   240
Proved Reserves(Billion Barrels) 2.0000 , 1.9400 , 1.8900 , 1.5210 , 1.4900 , 1.4500 , 1.4400 , 1.4000 , 1.7500 , 1.7300 , 1.7300 , 1.7000 , 1.7000 , 1.7000 , 1.7000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000 , 2.5000
(1980-2013)
2.50 800 NA 31   2.50
Natural Gas (Billion Cubic Feet)
Previous Year
Latest Year
   
History
Syria
Middle East
World
Rank
 
 Syria
Production 17.0000 , 8.8300 , 9.0000 , 8.8000 , 9.0000 , 5.0000 , 9.0000 , 21.9000 , 18.0100 , 35.3200 , 103.0000 , 124.0000 , 127.1340 , 130.6655 , 134.1900 , 103.8300 , 141.9663 , 161.0364 , 203.0613 , 213.3026 , 215.4215 , 197.4109 , 240.1420 , 241.9078 , 250.7365 , 215.4215 , 220.7188 , 211.8900 , 208.3585 , 229.9007 , 315.7161 , 277.9291
(1980-2011)
315.72 15,937 111,954 41   277.93
Consumption 17.0000 , 8.8300 , 9.0000 , 8.8000 , 9.0000 , 5.0000 , 9.0000 , 21.8950 , 18.0100 , 35.3200 , 103.0000 , 124.0000 , 127.1340 , 130.6655 , 134.1900 , 103.8300 , 141.9663 , 161.0364 , 203.0613 , 213.3026 , 215.4215 , 197.4109 , 240.1420 , 241.9078 , 250.7365 , 215.4215 , 220.7188 , 211.8900 , 213.3026 , 262.0373 , 340.0835 , 286.7578
(1980-2011)
340.08 13,277 113,321 46   286.76
Net Export/Imports(-) 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , -4.9441 , -32.1367 , -24.3674 , -8.8288
(1990-2011)
-24.37 3,806 -- 55   -8.83
Proved Reserves
(Trillion Cubic Feet)		 1.5000 , 1.5000 , 3.2000 , 1.2600 , 1.2900 , 1.2800 , 1.2400 , 4.2000 , 1.5000 , 13.1300 , 4.0000 , 5.5000 , 6.4000 , 7.0000 , 7.0000 , 7.0000 , 7.0000 , 8.3000 , 8.3000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000 , 8.5000
(1980-2013)
8.50 2,800 NA 41   8.50
Coal (Million Short Tons)
Previous Year
Latest Year
   
History
Syria
Middle East
World
Rank
 
 Syria
Production 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0000
(1980-2011)
0.000 1 7,954 67   0.000
Consumption 0.0044 , 0.0099 , 0.0110 , 0.0088 , 0.0055 , 0.0022 , 0.0011 , 0.0011 , 0.0011 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , 0.0022 , 0.0022 , 0.0022 , 0.0022 , 0.0022 , 0.0055 , 0.0044 , 0.0055 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0033 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044 , 0.0044
(1980-2011)
0.004 16 7,770 111   0.004
Net Export/Imports(-) -4.4092 , -9.9208 , -11.0231 , -8.8185 , -5.5116 , -2.2046 , -1.1023 , -1.1023 , -1.1023 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 , -2.2046 , -2.2046 , -2.2046 , -2.2046 , -2.2046 , -5.5116 , -4.4092 , -5.5116 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -3.3069 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092 , -4.4092
(1980-2011)
-0.004 -15 -- 82   -0.004
Electricity (Billion Kilowatthours)
Previous Year
Latest Year
   
History
Syria
Middle East
World
Rank
 
 Syria
Net Generation 3.7290 , 4.4150 , 5.7070 , 7.4250 , 8.3510 , 8.9330 , 8.7610 , 8.4180 , 7.6080 , 8.0290 , 8.3060 , 8.2310 , 7.4790 , 8.1430 , 10.4050 , 14.5080 , 16.3690 , 17.1950 , 20.0240 , 21.5830 , 23.8660 , 25.2800 , 26.4540 , 27.8990 , 30.3610 , 33.0550 , 35.2440 , 36.4972 , 38.7048 , 40.8025 , 43.7577
(1980-2010)
40.80 763 19,071 53   43.76
Net Consumption 2.9530 , 3.5430 , 4.6590 , 6.3170 , 7.2440 , 7.6850 , 7.5610 , 7.2470 , 5.3540 , 5.7530 , 5.2680 , 5.1100 , 4.2590 , 4.9180 , 5.7910 , 9.8290 , 11.2060 , 11.5560 , 13.8140 , 14.3370 , 16.1250 , 17.7520 , 19.5160 , 20.7870 , 23.0840 , 25.3850 , 26.9120 , 27.0782 , 29.3488 , 29.0855 , 35.6117
(1980-2010)
29.09 656 17,360 60   35.61
Installed Capacity (GWe) 1.1040 , 1.8080 , 1.9670 , 2.8340 , 2.9180 , 2.9180 , 3.0240 , 3.2300 , 3.2300 , 3.2580 , 3.5450 , 3.5920 , 3.6180 , 3.7350 , 4.2010 , 4.3300 , 4.5300 , 4.5800 , 4.7100 , 5.9900 , 7.4590 , 8.2620 , 7.8020 , 7.6710 , 7.6710 , 7.5700 , 7.7963 , 8.5233 , 7.8864 , 8.3226 , 8.3226
(1980-2010)
8.32 185 4,843 61   8.32
Total Primary Energy (Quadrillion Btu)
Previous Year
Latest Year
   
History
Syria
Middle East
World
Rank
 
 Syria
Production 0.4109 , 0.4091 , 0.3989 , 0.4130 , 0.4262 , 0.4395 , 0.4759 , 0.5691 , 0.6449 , 0.8300 , 1.0024 , 1.2560 , 1.2365 , 1.4100 , 1.4264 , 1.4383 , 1.5113 , 1.4788 , 1.5025 , 1.4797 , 1.4623 , 1.3659 , 1.4207 , 1.4026 , 1.3801 , 1.2868 , 1.2304 , 1.1575 , 1.1263 , 1.1328 , 1.2278
(1980-2010)
1.133 66 487 50   1.228
Consumption 0.2740 , 0.2891 , 0.2952 , 0.3340 , 0.3683 , 0.3849 , 0.3839 , 0.4347 , 0.4527 , 0.4825 , 0.5628 , 0.5210 , 0.5378 , 0.5452 , 0.6336 , 0.6091 , 0.6522 , 0.6950 , 0.7525 , 0.7736 , 0.7821 , 0.7622 , 0.8197 , 0.8269 , 0.8452 , 0.8044 , 0.8065 , 0.8071 , 0.8178 , 0.9479 , 1.0323
(1980-2010)
0.948 27 488 57   1.032
Energy Intensity
(Btu per 2005 U.S. Dollars)		 9751.7300 , 9433.4870 , 9366.2793 , 10446.6146 , 12008.9967 , 11827.3866 , 12408.9418 , 13787.6045 , 12678.9625 , 14843.4134 , 16552.3404 , 14201.7394 , 12918.7372 , 12451.9864 , 13441.4616 , 12219.9754 , 12189.1715 , 12673.5361 , 12753.3462 , 13023.8264 , 13086.9358 , 12133.5300 , 12320.0331 , 12354.7691 , 11739.4959 , 10518.9513 , 10039.9743 , 9507.4687 , 9221.0312 , 10082.0382 , 10639.0662
(1980-2010)
10,082 10,867 7,461 33   10,639
Carbon Dioxide Emissions (Million Metric Tons of CO₂)
Previous Year
Latest Year
   
History
Syria
Middle East
World
Rank
 
 Syria
Total from Consumption of Fossil Fuels
 16.4302 , 17.5315 , 17.7009 , 20.3374 , 22.3381 , 23.4996 , 24.0170 , 27.6758 , 28.5118 , 30.8693 , 36.9253 , 33.1502 , 35.3774 , 38.6051 , 41.3978 , 39.8827 , 42.2553 , 44.4327 , 47.7441 , 50.8795 , 50.9942 , 49.3421 , 52.4336 , 52.8474 , 52.7944 , 50.6456 , 51.6733 , 52.6749 , 54.4104 , 61.6284 , 65.5212 , 63.1421
(1980-2011)
65.52 1,798 31,502 51   63.14

-- = Not applicable; NA = Not available; F = Forecast value
Sources: EIA. For more detailed data, see International Energy Statistics.

Data last updated: May 30, 2013

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